{
 "id": "building/bayt-al-hikma",
 "class": "building",
 "slug": "bayt-al-hikma",
 "label": {
  "ar": "بيت الحكمة (خزانة الحكمة)",
  "en": "Bayt al-Hikma — the House of Wisdom"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "خزانة الحكمة أو بيت الحكمة ببغداد، أكبر مكتبة نُقل خبرها من العصر العباسي الأول؛ وضع الرشيد نواتها ونمّاها المأمون وقوّاها، وقد ولى الرشيد يوحنا بن ماسويه ترجمة الكتب الطبية القديمة التي وُجدت في بلاد الروم ورتب له كتاباً حذاقاً يكتبون بين يديه، وكان في خزانته أبو سهل الفضل بن نوبخت ينقل من الفارسية إلى العربية كتب الحكمة، وعلان الشعوبي ينسخ للرشيد والمأمون والبرامكة، ثم وسّعها المأمون فبعث إلى ملك الروم يستأذنه في إنفاذ ما يختار من العلوم القديمة فأخرج في طلبها الحجاج بن مطر وابن البطريق وسلماً صاحب بيت الحكمة، وجعل سهل بن هارون خازناً لخزائنها، وقد بقي نظامها وموضعها على وجه التعيين محفوفين بالغموض.",
  "en": "The House of Wisdom at Baghdad, the greatest library whose report survives from the first Abbasid age: al-Rashid laid its nucleus and al-Ma'mun enlarged and strengthened it. Al-Rashid put Yuhanna ibn Masawayh over the translation of the ancient medical books found in Byzantine lands with skilled scribes writing before him; Abu Sahl al-Fadl ibn Nawbakht rendered Persian wisdom-books into Arabic in its khizana, and Allan al-Shu'ubi copied for al-Rashid, al-Ma'mun and the Barmakids. Al-Ma'mun widened it, sending to the Byzantine emperor for the ancient sciences an embassy of al-Hajjaj ibn Matar, Ibn al-Bitriq and Salm the master of the House, and making Sahl ibn Harun keeper of its treasuries — though its precise organisation and site remain wrapped in obscurity."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "objects"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "levant-iraq"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/abbasid-fragmentation"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "library",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "أحمد أمين، ضحى الإسلام ج3 — بيت الحكمة، ص79-81، ناقلاً عن الفهرست ص141، 243، 284، 105",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "model": "swe-2-high",
   "run": "lib-duha-islam-3"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/duha-islam"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "بيت الحكمة، ويسمى أيضاً خزانة الحكمة، مكتبة في [[place/baghdad|بغداد]]. يعدها أحمد أمين في «ضحى الإسلام» أكبر مكتبة نُقل خبرها من العصر العباسي الأول. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "النشأة",
     "markdown": "وضع [[person/harun-al-rashid|الرشيد]] نواتها. ونماها [[person/abd-allah-al-mamun|المأمون]] وقواها. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "في عهد الرشيد",
     "markdown": "ولّى الرشيد [[person/yuhanna-ibn-masawayh|يوحنا بن ماسويه]] ترجمة الكتب الطبية القديمة التي وُجدت في بلاد الروم، ورتب له كتّاباً حذاقاً يكتبون بين يديه. وكان في خزانتها أبو سهل الفضل بن نوبخت ينقل كتب الحكمة من الفارسية إلى العربية. وكان علان الشعوبي ينسخ للرشيد وللمأمون وللبرامكة. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "في عهد المأمون",
     "markdown": "وسّعها المأمون، فبعث إلى ملك الروم يستأذنه في إرسال من يختار من العلوم القديمة. وأرسل في طلبها الحجاج بن مطر وابن البطريق وسلماً صاحب بيت الحكمة. وجعل [[person/sahl-ibn-harun|سهل بن هارون]] خازناً لخزائنها. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما بقي غامضاً",
     "markdown": "يذكر المصدر أن نظامها وموضعها على وجه التعيين بقيا محفوفين بالغموض. {cite:duha-islam}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "building/bayt-al-hikma",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The House of Wisdom, also called the Treasury of Wisdom, was a library in [[place/baghdad|Baghdad]]. Ahmad Amin, in \"Duha al-Islam\", calls it the greatest library whose report survives from the early Abbasid period. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Origins",
     "markdown": "[[person/harun-al-rashid|al-Rashid]] laid its foundation, and [[person/abd-allah-al-mamun|al-Mamun]] developed and strengthened it. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "In the time of al-Rashid",
     "markdown": "Al-Rashid appointed [[person/yuhanna-ibn-masawayh|Yuhanna ibn Masawayh]] to translate the old medical books found in the lands of Rum, and assigned skilled scribes to write under his direction. In its library Abu Sahl al-Fadl ibn Nawbakht translated books of wisdom from Persian into Arabic. Allan al-Shu'ubi copied for al-Rashid, al-Mamun and the Barmakids. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "In the time of al-Mamun",
     "markdown": "Al-Mamun expanded it. He sent to the king of Rum asking permission to send for whatever ancient sciences he chose. He sent for them through al-Hajjaj ibn Matar, Ibn al-Batriq and Salm, the head of the House of Wisdom. He made [[person/sahl-ibn-harun|Sahl ibn Harun]] keeper of its treasures. {cite:duha-islam}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "What remained unclear",
     "markdown": "The source states that its system and its exact location both remain shrouded in uncertainty. {cite:duha-islam}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "building/bayt-al-hikma",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 12,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/salm-sahib-bayt-al-hikma",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "صاحب بيت الحكمة",
   "sources": [
    "source/duha-islam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/baghdad",
   "type": "located_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/duha-islam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/harun-al-rashid",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "وضع نواتها",
   "sources": [
    "source/duha-islam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-allah-al-mamun",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "نماها وقواها وبعث في طلب كتب اليونان",
   "sources": [
    "source/duha-islam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/yuhanna-ibn-masawayh",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "ولي ترجمة الكتب الطبية",
   "sources": [
    "source/duha-islam"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/sahl-ibn-harun",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "خازن خزائنها في عهد المأمون",
   "sources": [
    "source/duha-islam"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/captives-of-samalu",
  "event/harun-accession",
  "event/harun-succession-scheme",
  "event/siege-of-baghdad-198",
  "person/abd-allah-al-mamun",
  "person/salm-sahib-bayt-al-hikma",
  "building/al-madrasa-al-nizamiyya-baghdad",
  "event/abbasid-census-200"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}