{
 "id": "building/chashma-shahi",
 "class": "building",
 "slug": "chashma-shahi",
 "label": {
  "ar": "جشمه شاهي (سرينغار)",
  "en": "Chashma Shahi, Srinagar",
  "ur": "چشمہ شاہی (سری نگر)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "بستان صغير على سفح جبل فوق بحيرة دال، بُني حول نبع مشهور سنة 1632م ويُنسب إلى شاه جهان، تنحدر مياهه على ثلاث مصاطب {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147}.",
  "en": "A small hillside garden above Lake Dal built round a famous spring in 1632 and attributed to Shah Jahan, its water descending over three levels {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "objects",
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "south-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/gunpowder-empires"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "architecture",
  "water-and-animals"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1631.999904173255,
  "latest": 1633.001978137781
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1632",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "historical",
   "sources": [
    "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987"
   ],
   "note": "Brookes, plan caption: built in 1632, attributed to Shah Jahan"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "garden",
  "built": {
   "edtf": "1632",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "historical",
   "sources": [
    "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987"
   ],
   "note": "Brookes, plan caption: built in 1632, attributed to Shah Jahan"
  },
  "patron": "person/shah-jahan-mughal",
  "location": "place/srinagar",
  "sources": [
   "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "Brookes 1987, printed pp. 146-147",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (OCR-harvest worker H)",
   "model": "claude-opus-5-5",
   "run": "ocr-harvest-2026-11-04"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 3,
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (OCR-harvest worker H)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "جشمه شاهي («النبع الملكي») بستان صغير على سفح الجبل المطل على بحيرة دال، بُني حول نبع مشهور، ويؤرخه مخطط [[person/john-brookes|بروكس]] بسنة 1632م وينسبه إلى [[person/shah-jahan-mughal|شاه جهان]]. {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الماء والمصاطب",
     "markdown": "كان النبع ينبثق من حوض رخامي على هيئة زهرة اللوتس في جناح بأعلى البستان (بستان الحريم)، ثم يجري إلى حوض منتظم بفوّارة واحدة، ومنه إلى جناح أوسط أزيل حديثاً، ليسقط على چادر ضيق شديد الانحدار إلى حوض في وسط البستان الأدنى، وتنحدر المياه على ثلاث مصاطب. ويرى بروكس أن إزالة الجناح الأوسط أفقدت البستان فكرته. {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147} وفوقه على الجبل [[building/pari-mahal-srinagar|بري محل]]. {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.157}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "building/chashma-shahi",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [],
    "status": {
     "review": "published"
    },
    "provenance": {
     "generated_by": "Claude Code (OCR-harvest worker H)",
     "model": "claude-opus-5-5",
     "run": "ocr-harvest-2026-11-04",
     "source": "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987, pp. 146-147"
    }
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-04"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The Chashma Shahi (\"Royal Spring\") is a small garden on the mountainside above Lake Dal, built round a renowned spring; [[person/john-brookes|Brookes]]'s plan dates it to 1632 and attributes it to [[person/shah-jahan-mughal|Shah Jahan]]. {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Water and terraces",
     "markdown": "The spring rose through a marble lotus basin in a pavilion at the top of the garden, the private zenana garden, flowed to a regular tank with a single jet, then into a central pavilion (now removed) to drop at once down a steep narrow chadar into a fountained pool in the lowest garden, the water descending over three levels in all. Brookes judges that without the central pavilion the garden has lost its point. {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147} Above it on the mountain stands the [[building/pari-mahal-srinagar|Pari Mahal]]. {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.157}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "building/chashma-shahi",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Code (OCR-harvest worker H), translation"
    ],
    "status": {
     "review": "published"
    },
    "provenance": {
     "generated_by": "Claude Code (OCR-harvest worker H)",
     "model": "claude-opus-5-5",
     "run": "ocr-harvest-2026-11-04",
     "source": "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987, pp. 146-147"
    }
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-04"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "چشمہ شاہی («شاہی چشمہ») ڈل جھیل کے اوپر پہاڑ کی ڈھلوان پر ایک چھوٹا باغ ہے جو ایک مشہور چشمے کے گرد بنا؛ [[person/john-brookes|بروکس]] کا نقشہ اسے 1632ء کا بتاتا ہے اور [[person/shah-jahan-mughal|شاہجہاں]] سے منسوب کرتا ہے۔ {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "پانی اور چبوترے",
     "markdown": "چشمہ باغ کے بالائی حصے (زنانہ باغ) کی ایک بارہ دری میں کنول نما مرمر کے حوض سے ابلتا، ایک فوارے والے حوض میں جاتا، پھر درمیانی بارہ دری (جو اب ہٹا دی گئی ہے) سے گزر کر ایک تنگ اور ڈھلوان چادر سے نچلے باغ کے بیچ فوارے والے حوض میں گرتا تھا؛ پانی کل تین سطحوں سے اترتا ہے۔ بروکس کی رائے میں درمیانی بارہ دری کے بغیر باغ اپنا مقصد کھو بیٹھا ہے۔ {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.146} {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.147} اس کے اوپر پہاڑ پر [[building/pari-mahal-srinagar|پری محل]] ہے۔ {cite:brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987 p.157}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "building/chashma-shahi",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Code (OCR-harvest worker H), translation"
    ],
    "status": {
     "review": "published"
    },
    "provenance": {
     "generated_by": "Claude Code (OCR-harvest worker H)",
     "model": "claude-opus-5-5",
     "run": "ocr-harvest-2026-11-04",
     "source": "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987, pp. 146-147"
    }
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-04"
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-11-04",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/srinagar",
   "type": "located_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "concept/chaharbagh",
   "type": "exemplifies",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/brookes-gardens-of-paradise-1987"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "building/nishat-bagh",
  "building/shalimar-bagh-srinagar",
  "building/achabal-garden",
  "building/bagh-i-vafa-kabul",
  "building/ram-bagh-agra",
  "building/verinag-garden",
  "concept/chadar",
  "work/gardens-of-paradise"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}