{
 "id": "concept/ashrat-al-saa",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "ashrat-al-saa",
 "label": {
  "ar": "أشراط الساعة",
  "en": "Signs of the Hour"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "قول الطحاوي بالإيمان بأشراط الساعة: خروج الدجال، ونزول عيسى ابن مريم من السماء، وطلوع الشمس من مغربها، وخروج دابة الأرض من موضعها.",
  "en": "al-Tahawi's statement of belief in the signs of the Hour: the coming of the Dajjal, the descent of Jesus son of Mary from heaven, the rising of the sun from its setting place, and the emergence of the beast of the earth from its place."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/abbasid-fragmentation"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "creed"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "doctrine",
  "issue": {
   "ar": "ما أشراط الساعة التي يُؤمن بها؟",
   "en": "Which signs of the Hour are believed in?"
  },
  "perspectives": [
   {
    "tradition": "sunni-hanafi",
    "id": "aqida-tahawiyya",
    "stance": {
     "ar": "الدجال ونزول عيسى وطلوع الشمس من مغربها ودابة الأرض",
     "en": "The Dajjal, the descent of Jesus, the rising of the sun from the west and the beast of the earth"
    },
    "summary": {
     "ar": "يؤمن الطحاوي بأشراط الساعة: خروج الدجال ونزول عيسى ابن مريم وطلوع الشمس من مغربها وخروج دابة الأرض."
    },
    "holders": [
     "person/al-tahawi",
     "work/aqida-tahawiyya"
    ],
    "evidence": [
     {
      "ref": "source/aqida-tahawiyya",
      "note": {
       "ar": "البند 129، ص 31",
       "en": "article 129, p. 31"
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     "source/aqida-tahawiyya"
    ]
   },
   {
    "tradition": "sunni-hanbali",
    "id": "lumat-al-itiqad",
    "stance": {
     "ar": "الأشراط نفسها مع يأجوج ومأجوج وقتل عيسى للدجال",
     "en": "The same signs with Gog and Magog and Jesus killing the Dajjal"
    },
    "summary": {
     "ar": "يذكر ابن قدامة من أشراط الساعة خروج الدجال ونزول عيسى ابن مريم فيقتله، وخروج يأجوج ومأجوج، وخروج الدابة، وطلوع الشمس من مغربها، «وأشباه ذلك مما صح به النقل».",
     "en": "Ibn Qudama lists among the signs of the Hour the coming of the Dajjal and the descent of Jesus who kills him, the coming of Gog and Magog, the emergence of the beast and the rising of the sun from the west, and the like of what is soundly reported."
    },
    "holders": [
     "person/ibn-qudama-al-maqdisi",
     "work/lumat-al-itiqad"
    ],
    "evidence": [
     {
      "ref": "source/lumat-al-itiqad",
      "note": {
       "ar": "ص 30 و31",
       "en": "pp. 30 and 31"
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     "source/lumat-al-itiqad"
    ]
   },
   {
    "tradition": "sunni-ashari",
    "id": "maqalat-ashari",
    "stance": {
     "ar": "التصديق بخروج الدجال وقتل عيسى ابن مريم له",
     "en": "Believing in the coming of the Dajjal and Jesus son of Mary killing him"
    },
    "summary": {
     "ar": "يذكر الأشعري أنهم يصدقون بخروج الدجال وأن عيسى ابن مريم يقتله.",
     "en": "Al-Ash'ari reports they believe in the coming of the Dajjal and that Jesus son of Mary kills him."
    },
    "holders": [
     "person/al-ashari",
     "work/maqalat-islamiyyin"
    ],
    "evidence": [
     {
      "ref": "source/maqalat-islamiyyin",
      "note": {
       "ar": "ص 348",
       "en": "p. 348"
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     "source/maqalat-islamiyyin"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "العقيدة الطحاوية، طبعة دار ابن حزم 1995 (نص كامل؛ 134 بنداً، الصفحات 7-32)",
   "generated_by": "Claude (maintainer session)",
   "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "run": "tahawiyya-1"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/aqida-tahawiyya",
   "source/lumat-al-itiqad",
   "source/maqalat-islamiyyin"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; read from the full text of al-Tahawiyya (Dar Ibn Hazm 1995, pp. 31); Lum'at al-I'tiqad (Maktab Islami ed., pp. 30 و31) added as a second opinion"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "«ونؤمن بأشراط الساعة: من خروج الدجال، ونزول عيسى ابن مريم من السماء، ونؤمن بطلوع الشمس من مغربها، وخروج دابة الأرض من موضعها» {cite:aqida-tahawiyya p.31}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في لمعة الاعتقاد لابن قدامة المقدسي",
     "markdown": "يذكر ابن قدامة من أشراط الساعة: «خروج الدجال، ونزول عيسى ابن مريم فيقتله، وخروج يأجوج ومأجوج، وخروج الدابة، وطلوع الشمس من مغربها، وأشباه ذلك مما صح به النقل» {cite:lumat-al-itiqad p.31}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في «مقالات الإسلاميين» للأشعري",
     "markdown": "في «حكاية جملة قول أصحاب الحديث وأهل السنة» من «مقالات الإسلاميين» يعرض أبو الحسن الأشعري ما عليه أهل الحديث والسنة، ويختم بقوله: «وبكل ما ذكرنا من قولهم نقول، وإليه نذهب» {cite:maqalat-islamiyyin p.350}. يذكر فيه أنهم «يصدقون بخروج الدجال، وأن عيسى بن مريم يقتله» {cite:maqalat-islamiyyin p.348}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما لم يُذكر هنا",
     "markdown": "يعرض هذا المدخل مواقف العقيدة الطحاوية ولمعة الاعتقاد لابن قدامة والعقيدة الواسطية لابن تيمية وما حكاه الأشعري في «مقالات الإسلاميين» عن أهل الحديث والسنة وقال إنه يذهب إليه، منسوباً كل منها إلى كتابه. ولم تُضف بعد أقوال الماتريدية وبقية المدارس السنية وغير السنية من كتبها، ويحتاج المدخل إلى مراجعة متخصص قبل ترقيته."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ashrat-al-saa",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "\"We believe in the signs of the Hour: the emergence of the Dajjal, the descent of Jesus son of Mary from heaven; and we believe in the sun rising from its west, and the Beast of the Earth emerging from its place\" {cite:aqida-tahawiyya p. 31}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "In Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi's Lum'at al-I'tiqad",
     "markdown": "Ibn Qudama mentions among the signs of the Hour: \"the emergence of the Dajjal; the descent of Jesus son of Mary, who kills him; the emergence of Gog and Magog; the emergence of the Beast; the sun rising from its west; and the like of what sound transmission established\" {cite:lumat-al-itiqad p. 31}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "In al-Ash'ari's Maqalat al-Islamiyyin",
     "markdown": "In \"the account of the sum of the saying of the people of hadith and sunna\" in Maqalat al-Islamiyyin, Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari presents what the people of hadith and sunna hold, ending: \"And in all we have mentioned of their saying we speak, and to it we go\" {cite:maqalat-islamiyyin p. 350}. He relates there that they \"believe in the emergence of the Dajjal, and that Jesus son of Mary kills him\" {cite:maqalat-islamiyyin p. 348}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "What is not covered here",
     "markdown": "This entry presents the positions of the 'Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Ibn Qudama's Lum'at al-I'tiqad, Ibn Taymiyya's al-Wasitiyya, and what al-Ash'ari related in Maqalat al-Islamiyyin of the people of hadith and sunna and declared his own — each attributed to its book. The sayings of the Maturidis and the remaining Sunni and non-Sunni schools from their own books have not yet been added; the entry needs specialist review before promotion."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ashrat-al-saa",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/ahl-al-qibla",
  "concept/akhira",
  "concept/ashara-mubashshara",
  "concept/bida",
  "concept/hubb-al-sahaba",
  "concept/hurmat-al-dam",
  "concept/ihsan",
  "concept/iman"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}