{
 "id": "concept/azima",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "azima",
 "label": {
  "ar": "العَزِيمة",
  "en": "Original ruling (azima) and concession (rukhsa)",
  "ur": "عزیمت"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "العزيمة في اللغة الاجتهاد والجد في الأمر، وفي الاصطلاح ما وسع للمكلف فعله لعذر مع قيام السبب المحرم، وقيل هي الحكم الأصلي السالم من المعارض {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}. وتنقسم عند الحنفية إلى فرض وواجب وسنة ونفل، وخصها القرافي بالواجب والمندوب، وذهب البيضاوي إلى أن الأحكام الخمسة تعتريها، وخصها بعض العلماء بالواجب {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}. وقد يرفع الشرع الحرج عن المكلف، فيكون مخيراً بين الأخذ بالعزيمة أو بالرخصة في بعض الأحوال، وتباينت أنظار المجتهدين في الترجيح بينهما {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}. وتفصيل ذلك في الملحق الأصولي {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}.",
  "en": "In the lexicon, azima is effort and earnestness in a matter, and the azima of God is His obligation. As a technical term it is what is made easier for the person in a case of excuse and inability while the forbidding cause still exists; by another definition it is the original ruling, free of any opposing ruling {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}. The Hanafis divide azima into obligation, necessity, sunna and voluntary; al-Qarafi restricts it to the obligatory and the recommended; al-Baydawi holds that all five rulings apply to it, while some restrict it to the obligatory {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}. Sometimes the law lifts hardship, so that the person may choose between the original ruling and the concession, and the jurists differ on which to prefer {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}. The full discussion is in the legal theory appendix {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "development-of-law-theology-institutions"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «عَزِيمة»، ص 11598-11600 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w07-batch10"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; headword عَزِيمة complete on scan pp.11598-11600 (lexical sense, technical definitions, divisions, choice between original ruling and concession). The contrast with رخصة is noted but its headword is not drafted here. Next headword عَسْب الفَحْل begins on scan p.11600. Footnote citations omitted"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "العزيمة في اللغة الاجتهاد والجد في الأمر، وهي عزيمة الله فريضته. وفي الاصطلاح ما وسع للمكلف فعله لعذر مع قيام السبب المحرِّم {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "أقسامها",
     "markdown": "تنقسم عند الحنفية إلى فرض وواجب وسنة ونفل، وخصها القرافي من المالكية بالواجب والمندوب، وذهب البيضاوي إلى أن الأحكام الخمسة تعتريها {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأخذ بالعزيمة أو الرخصة",
     "markdown": "قد يرفع الشرع الحرج عن المكلف فيكون مخيراً بين العزيمة والرخصة في بعض الأحوال، وقد تباينت أنظار المجتهدين في الترجيح بينهما {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}. وتفصيل ذلك في الملحق الأصولي {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/azima",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "In the lexicon, azima is effort and earnestness in a matter, and God's azima is His obligation. As a technical term it is the ruling for the person in a case of excuse, while the forbidding cause still exists {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Divisions",
     "markdown": "The Hanafis divide azima into obligation, necessity, sunna and voluntary. Al-Qarafi restricts it to the obligatory and the recommended, while al-Baydawi holds that all five rulings apply to it {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Choosing between the original ruling and the concession",
     "markdown": "Sometimes the law lifts hardship, so that the person may choose between the original ruling and the concession (rukhsa). The jurists differ on which to prefer {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}. The full discussion is in the legal theory appendix {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/azima",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "لغت میں عزیمت کسی کام میں کوشش اور جدوجہد کو کہتے ہیں۔ اصطلاح میں یہ وہ حکم ہے جو عذر کے باوجود سبب کے قائم رہتے ہوئے مکلف کے لیے اصل ہے {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11598}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "رخصت اور عزیمت",
     "markdown": "بعض صورتوں میں شریعت حرج دور کرتی ہے، اس لیے مکلف عزیمت یا رخصت میں سے کسی کو اختیار کر سکتا ہے، اور فقہاء نے ان میں ترجیح کے بارے میں اختلاف کیا ہے {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11599} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11600}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/azima",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/add",
  "concept/adl",
  "concept/adwa",
  "concept/afw",
  "concept/ahd",
  "concept/ajal",
  "concept/ajir",
  "concept/ajnabi"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}