{
 "id": "concept/hurr-free-person",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "hurr-free-person",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الحُرّ",
  "en": "The free person (hurr)",
  "ur": "حُر (آزاد شخص)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الحر من الرجال خلاف العبد، وهو في اصطلاح الفقهاء من خلصت ذاته عن شائبة الرق والملك، وينقسم إلى من استقرت له الحرية، ومن يحكم بحريته ظاهرا كاللقيط. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} والمبعّض من بعضه حر وبعضه مملوك، وأحكامه في مصطلح التبعيض. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} والأصل في الإنسان الحرية، والرق طارئ، وأحكام الشريعة في الأصل للأحرار، ويوافق الرقيق الأحرار في أغلبها. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985} ومن القواعد أن الحر لا يُستولى عليه استيلاء الغصب والملك، فلا يُباع ولا يُشترى، وأن ثياب الحر لا تدخل في ضمان الغاصب. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985}",
  "en": "The free man is the opposite of the slave; in the jurists' usage he is one whose person is free of any trace of bondage or ownership, and freedom is either firmly established or judged by appearance, as with a found child. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} A partly freed person, half free and half owned, is treated under the rules of partial manumission. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} The principle is freedom: bondage is accidental, and the law is addressed chiefly to free persons, slaves sharing most of its rules. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985} A maxim holds that a free person cannot be taken as property, so he is not sold or bought, and that the free person's clothing is not within a usurper's liability. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "slavery-and-freedom"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل، ص 6984-6985 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w04-batch25"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 0,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; summary-level draft read on scan pages 6984-6985; footnotes omitted; page images absent"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "الحر من الرجال خلاف العبد، وهو في اصطلاح الفقهاء من خلصت ذاته عن شائبة الرق والملك، وينقسم إلى من استقرت له الحرية، ومن يحكم بحريته ظاهرا كاللقيط. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} والمبعّض من بعضه حر وبعضه مملوك، وأحكامه في مصطلح التبعيض. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} والأصل في الإنسان الحرية، والرق طارئ، وأحكام الشريعة في الأصل للأحرار، ويوافق الرقيق الأحرار في أغلبها. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985} ومن القواعد أن الحر لا يُستولى عليه استيلاء الغصب والملك، فلا يُباع ولا يُشترى، وأن ثياب الحر لا تدخل في ضمان الغاصب. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/hurr-free-person",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "The free man is the opposite of the slave; in the jurists' usage he is one whose person is free of any trace of bondage or ownership, and freedom is either firmly established or judged by appearance, as with a found child. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} A partly freed person, half free and half owned, is treated under the rules of partial manumission. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} The principle is freedom: bondage is accidental, and the law is addressed chiefly to free persons, slaves sharing most of its rules. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985} A maxim holds that a free person cannot be taken as property, so he is not sold or bought, and that the free person's clothing is not within a usurper's liability. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/hurr-free-person",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "حر وہ ہے جس کی ذات غلامی یا ملکیت کی آلائش سے پاک ہو، اور آزادی کبھی یقینی ہوتی ہے اور کبھی ظاہری حالت پر حکم کی جاتی ہے، جیسے لقیط۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6984} اصل آزادی ہے اور غلامی عارضی ہے، اور حر کو کسی ملکیت میں لینا جائز نہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.6985}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/hurr-free-person",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/al-sabi-fi-al-harb-al-diniyya",
  "concept/emancipation-of-enemy-slaves",
  "concept/hujna-fiqh",
  "concept/ibaq",
  "concept/mukataba",
  "concept/tacjiz-disabling-a-party",
  "concept/tadbir",
  "concept/tarsim-restriction-of-movement"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}