{
 "id": "concept/iffa",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "iffa",
 "label": {
  "ar": "العِفّة",
  "en": "Chastity and restraint (iffa)",
  "ur": "عفت"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "العفة في اللغة الكف عما لا يحل ولا يجمل، يقال عف الرجل والمرأة عن المحارم {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}. والحصانة تطلق على العفة، وعلى الزواج، وعلى الحرية، وعلى الإسلام، فالحصانة أعم من العفة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}. ويحرص الإسلام على صون الكرامة، فيحرم السؤال على من يملك ما يغنيه، ويجوز لمن احتاج بقدر الحاجة بشروط {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}. وأمر الله المؤمنين بالعفة عن الزنا ونهاهم عن مقدماته، وأرشد من قدر على مؤنة النكاح إلى الزواج، ومن لم يستطع إلى الصوم وقاية، ويجب على من يجد الأهبة وتتوق نفسه ويخاف الوقوع في الزنا أن يتزوج {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}. واختلف الفقهاء في وجوب إعفاف الأصول والفروع {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}. وذهب جمهور الفقهاء إلى أن زنا أحد الزوجين لا يحرم نكاحه على العفيف، وذهب الحنابلة إلى اشتراط انقضاء العدة والتوبة في المرأة الزانية {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}.",
  "en": "In the lexicon, iffa is restraint from what is unlawful or unbecoming; a man or woman is chaste when he or she refrains from forbidden things {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}. The word ihsan (protection or chastity) has four senses: chastity, marriage, freedom and Islam, and is wider than chastity {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}. Islam guards human dignity, so begging is forbidden to one who has enough, and permitted to the truly needy within limits {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}. Believers are praised for chastity and forbidden to approach what leads to adultery; the means of chastity are marriage for those able to bear its cost and fasting for those who cannot {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}. The jurists hold that one who can afford marriage, whose desire is strong, and who fears adultery must marry {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}. They differ on whether a man must provide chastity for his ascendants and descendants {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}. The majority hold that one partner's adultery does not bar the chaste from marrying the other; the Hanbalis require, for a woman, that her waiting period end and that she repent {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "ethics-and-character",
  "family-marriage-kinship"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "ethical",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «عِفّة»، ص 11670-11672 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w07-batch21"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; headword عِفّة complete on scan pp.11670-11672 (lexical sense, ihsan, begging, chastity and its means, marriage with a formerly adulterous partner). Next headword عَفَل begins on scan p.11673. Footnote citations omitted; Qur'anic and prophetic passages are referred to, not typed"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "العفة في اللغة الكف عما لا يحل ولا يجمل، ويقال عف الرجل والمرأة عن المحارم {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحصانة",
     "markdown": "الحصانة تطلق على العفة، وعلى الزواج، وعلى الحرية، وعلى الإسلام، فهي أعم من العفة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "العفة عن السؤال",
     "markdown": "يحرص الإسلام على صون الكرامة، فيحرم السؤال على من يملك ما يغنيه، ويجوز لمن احتاج بقدر الحاجة بشروط {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "العفة عن الزنا",
     "markdown": "أمر الإسلام بالعفة، ونهى عن مقدمات الزنا، وأرشد من قدر على مؤنة النكاح إلى الزواج، ومن لم يستطع إلى الصوم وقاية {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}. ويجب على من يجد الأهبة وتتوق نفسه ويخاف الوقوع في الزنا أن يتزوج {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "نكاح العفيف بالزانية",
     "markdown": "ذهب جمهور الفقهاء إلى أن زنا أحد الزوجين لا يحرم على العفيف، وذهب الحنابلة إلى اشتراط انقضاء العدة والتوبة في المرأة {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "مواطن البحث",
     "markdown": "تُنظر أحكام النكاح في «نكاح»، وإعفاف الأصول والفروع في «إعفاف» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/iffa",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "In the lexicon, iffa is restraint from what is unlawful or unbecoming; a man or woman is chaste who refrains from forbidden things {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Ihsan and its senses",
     "markdown": "The word ihsan has four senses: chastity, marriage, freedom and Islam, so it is wider than chastity {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Restraint from begging",
     "markdown": "Islam guards human dignity, so begging is forbidden to one who has enough; a truly needy person may ask within limits {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Chastity from adultery",
     "markdown": "Islam enjoins chastity and forbids what leads to adultery; it directs those able to marry to marry, and those unable to fasting as a protection {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}. One who can afford marriage, whose desire is strong and who fears adultery must marry {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "A chaste person and a formerly adulterous partner",
     "markdown": "The majority hold that one partner's adultery does not bar the chaste person from the other; the Hanbalis require, for a woman, the end of her waiting period and repentance {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Where to look further",
     "markdown": "Marriage is treated under «nikah», and providing chastity for relatives under «i'faf» {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/iffa",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "لغت میں عفت ہر ناجائز اور نامناسب چیز سے رکنے کو کہتے ہیں۔ مرد یا عورت اس وقت عفیف ہے جب وہ حرام چیزوں سے باز رہے {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11670}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "زنا سے عفت",
     "markdown": "اسلام عفت کا حکم دیتا ہے اور زنا کے مقدمات سے منع کرتا ہے۔ جو نکاح کی استطاعت رکھتا ہو اور خوف زنا ہو تو اس پر نکاح واجب ہے {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11671} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.11672}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/iffa",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/al-farah-wal-surur",
  "concept/anat-marriage-slave",
  "concept/desire-shahwa",
  "concept/doubt-shakk",
  "concept/ghadd-al-basar",
  "concept/hadiyya-fiqh",
  "concept/hajr-fiqh",
  "concept/hiba-fiqh"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}