{
 "id": "concept/ihab",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "ihab",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الإهاب",
  "en": "Ihab (the hide of an animal, its purity and tanning, and the rules on killing or selling animals for their hides)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الإهاب لغة الجلد من البقر والغنم والوحش ما لم يدبغ، وأطلقه الفقهاء بمعنى أعم يشمل جلد الإنسان. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3591}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592} جلد المذكى ذكاة شرعية طاهر إن كان الحيوان مأكول اللحم بالاتفاق، وفي غير المأكول خلاف، فالشافعية والحنابلة لا تطهره الذكاة، والحنفية والمالكية يطهرونه بها. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592} وإهاب الميتة نجس، ولا ينتفع به قبل الدباغ، وفي طهارته بالدباغ سبعة اتجاهات تختلف في الخنزير والكلب وباطن الجلد. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593} ويختلف الفقهاء في ذبح غير المأكول أو بيعه لأجل جلده، فالشافعية يحرمون ذلك، والحنفية والمالكية يجيزونه. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594} ويكره عند الجميع سلخ الذبيحة قبل زهوق روحها. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}",
  "en": "Ihab is lexically the hide of cattle, sheep or wild animals before it is tanned, and the jurists use it more widely to include human skin. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3591}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592} The hide of an animal lawfully slaughtered is pure by agreement if the animal is edible; for animals not eaten the views differ: the Shafi'is and Hanbalis hold that slaughter does not purify their hide, while the Hanafis and Malikis hold that it does. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592} The hide of a carcass is impure and may not be used before tanning; after tanning there are seven views, differing over the pig, the dog and the inner side of the hide. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593} The jurists differ on killing or selling a non-edible animal for its hide: the Shafi'is forbid it, and the Hanafis and Malikis allow it. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594} All agree that flaying a slaughtered animal before its soul has left is disliked. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "objects"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "animals-and-mercy"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya (Noor copy), headword «إهاب», pp.3591-3594 of the scan (ends where «إهانة» begins on p.3595). Technical legal entry on hides; summarised at the level of the schools' views.",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w02-9"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "التعريف",
     "markdown": "الإهاب لغة الجلد من البقر والغنم والوحش ما لم يدبغ. وأطلقه الفقهاء بمعنى أعم يشمل جلد الإنسان. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3591}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "جلد المذكى",
     "markdown": "- إن كان الحيوان مأكول اللحم فجلده طاهر باتفاق. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- في غير المأكول: الشافعية والحنابلة لا تطهره الذكاة، واستدلوا بالنهي عن افتراش جلود السباع. والحنفية والمالكية يرون طهارته بالذكاة، لحديث أن دباغ الأديم ذكاته. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- الخنزير نجس العين باتفاق، والكلب عند الشافعية والحنابلة، فلا تطهرهما الذكاة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "إهاب الميتة",
     "markdown": "- نجس بلا خلاف، ولا ينتفع به قبل الدباغ، إلا ما روي عن الزهري من جواز الانتفاع به قبل الدباغ. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- بعد الدباغ في طهارته سبعة اتجاهات: منها أنه لا يطهر بالدباغ شيء، ومنها أن كل الجلود تطهر حتى الكلب والخنزير، ومنها أن كل المأكول يطهر دون غيره، ومنها أن الظاهر يطهر دون الباطن. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ذبح الحيوان أو بيعه لأجل جلده",
     "markdown": "- الشافعية يحرمون ذبح غير المأكول لأجل جلده، ولا يجوزون بيعه. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}\n- الحنفية والمالكية يجيزون صيد غير المأكول أو ذبحه لمنفعة جلده، ويجيزون بيعه. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "سلخ الذبيحة",
     "markdown": "اتفق الفقهاء على كراهة سلخ إهاب الذبيحة قبل زهوق روحها، للنهي عن ذلك. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ihab",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Definition",
     "markdown": "Ihab is lexically the hide of cattle, sheep or wild animals before it is tanned. The jurists use it more widely, to include human skin. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3591}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Hide of a lawfully slaughtered animal",
     "markdown": "- If the animal may be eaten, its hide is pure by agreement. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- For animals not eaten: the Shafi'is and Hanbalis hold that slaughter does not purify the hide, citing the prohibition of sitting on the hides of beasts of prey; the Hanafis and Malikis hold that slaughter purifies it, on the saying that tanning is the slaughter of a hide. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- The pig is impure in itself by agreement, and the dog for the Shafi'is and Hanbalis; slaughter does not purify them. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Hide of a carcass",
     "markdown": "- It is impure by agreement and may not be used before tanning, except that al-Zuhri allowed use before tanning. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- After tanning there are seven views: none is purified by tanning; all are purified, even the dog and the pig; all edible animals are purified and others are not; only the outside is purified and not the inside. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Killing or selling an animal for its hide",
     "markdown": "- The Shafi'is forbid killing an animal not eaten for its hide, and forbid its sale. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}\n- The Hanafis and Malikis allow hunting or slaughtering such an animal for the benefit of its hide, and allow its sale. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Flaying a slaughtered animal",
     "markdown": "All the jurists agree that flaying a slaughtered animal before its soul has left is disliked, following the prohibition of it. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3594}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ihab",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "تعریف",
     "markdown": "اہاب لغت میں گائے، بکری یا وحشی جانور کی کھال کو کہتے ہیں جو دباغت سے پہلے ہو۔ فقہاء اسے انسانی کھال کو بھی شامل کرتے ہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3591}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حکم",
     "markdown": "- مأکول اللحم جانور کی کھال ذبح کے بعد پاک ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- مردار کی کھال نجس ہے اور دباغت سے پہلے اس کا استعمال جائز نہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}\n- مردار کی کھال کو دباغت کے بعد پاک کہنے میں سات اقوال ہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3592}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3593}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ihab",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/anam",
  "concept/awqas",
  "concept/hatma-fiqh",
  "concept/hawam-fiqh",
  "concept/hirr-fiqh",
  "concept/insects-hasharat",
  "concept/inzaa",
  "concept/kalb-fiqh"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}