{
 "id": "concept/ijhad",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "ijhad",
 "label": {
  "ar": "إجهاض",
  "en": "Abortion (ijhad)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الإجهاض في اللغة إلقاء الولد قبل تمامه، وفي الاصطلاح إلقاء الجنين قبل وقته. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1705} وإجهاض الجنين بعد نفخ الروح، وهو بعد مائة وعشرين يوماً، محرم بالإجماع. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1706} وقبل نفخ الروح اختلف الفقهاء: فمنهم من أباحه بعذر فقط، كالحنفية، ومنهم من أباحه في أول الحمل كالحنابلة في رواية، ومنع الشافعية الإجهاض بعد استقرار النطفة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1707} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1708}",
  "en": "Ijhad in the lexicon is the early delivery of a child, and as a term it is the expulsion of a foetus before its time. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1705} After ensoulment, at about a hundred and twenty days, abortion is forbidden by consensus. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1706} Before ensoulment the jurists differ: some allow it only for an excuse, as the Hanafis do; some allow it at the earliest stage, as one Hanbali view does; and the Shafi'is forbid it once the drop has settled. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1707} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1708}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "development-of-law-theology-institutions"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، الجزء الثاني، ص 1705 وما بعدها من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w01-batch-24"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 0,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; summary-level, scan pages stated in the summary; footnotes omitted; printed folios not verified; page images absent, text only"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "الإجهاض في اللغة إلقاء الولد قبل تمامه، وفي الاصطلاح إلقاء الجنين قبل وقته. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1705} وإجهاض الجنين بعد نفخ الروح، وهو بعد مائة وعشرين يوماً، محرم بالإجماع. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1706} وقبل نفخ الروح اختلف الفقهاء: فمنهم من أباحه بعذر فقط، كالحنفية، ومنهم من أباحه في أول الحمل كالحنابلة في رواية، ومنع الشافعية الإجهاض بعد استقرار النطفة. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1707} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1708}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ijhad",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Ijhad in the lexicon is the early delivery of a child, and as a term it is the expulsion of a foetus before its time. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1705} After ensoulment, at about a hundred and twenty days, abortion is forbidden by consensus. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1706} Before ensoulment the jurists differ: some allow it only for an excuse, as the Hanafis do; some allow it at the earliest stage, as one Hanbali view does; and the Shafi'is forbid it once the drop has settled. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1707} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1708}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ijhad",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "اجہاض لغت میں بچے کو وقت سے پہلے ڈالنا ہے، اور اصطلاح میں جنین کا وقت سے پہلے گرنا۔ روح پھونکے جانے کے بعد اجہاض بالاجماع حرام ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.1706}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ijhad",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/add",
  "concept/adl",
  "concept/adwa",
  "concept/afw",
  "concept/ahd",
  "concept/ajal",
  "concept/ajir",
  "concept/ajnabi"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}