{
 "id": "concept/inma",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "inma",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الإنماء",
  "en": "Inma (the growth of property by trade, husbandry or increase, and its rulings; also the game that goes out of sight)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الإنماء لغة مصدر أنمى، وهو فعل ما به يزيد الشيء ويكثر، والنماء الزيادة، وينقسم إلى حقيقي كالتوالد والتجارة، وتقديري كالتمكن من الزيادة بكون المال في اليد. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559} والإنماء أخص من الزيادة لأن الزيادة قد تكون من خارج، أما الإنماء فنابع من الشيء نفسه. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3560} وتنمية المال مشروعة، أباحتها الشريعة بالبيع والتجارة والشركات والقراض، وحفظ المال مقصد من مقاصدها. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3561}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562} ويختلف حكمه بحسب النية، فيفرض لتحصيل الكفاية، ويستحب الزائد للمواساة، ويباح للتجمل، ويكره للتفاخر والتكاثر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563} ويجوز لمن يملك التصرف دون الرقبة، كالولي والوصي والوكيل والقاضي والناظر، أن ينمي ما يلي بالإذن الشرعي. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3564} ويحرم الإنماء بغير المشروع كالربا والقمار والتجارة بالخمر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565} وأما إنماء الصيد بمعنى غيبته بعد رميه فيُنظر فيه إلى ما تقدم من قول ابن عباس وخلاف الفقهاء. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3566}",
  "en": "Inma is lexically the causing of an increase, and growth is an increase, either real, as by birth or trade, or assumed, as by property remaining in one's hand. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559} It is narrower than ziyada, since ziyada may come from outside while inma comes from the thing itself. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3560} Growing property is lawful: the law allowed sale, trade, partnership and mudaraba, and the preservation of property is one of its purposes. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3561}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562} Its ruling depends on the intention: it is obligatory to gain enough for oneself and dependants, recommended beyond that to help the poor, permitted for comfort, and disliked for boasting and rivalry. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563} One who has control of property without owning it, such as a guardian, executor, agent, judge or supervisor, may grow it by lawful authority. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3564} Growth by what is unlawful, such as usury, gambling or trade in wine, is forbidden. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565} The other sense, the going out of sight of game after it is shot, is treated in the entry on hunting, with the disputed view of Ibn Abbas. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3566}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "trade-and-finance"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya (Noor copy), headword «إنماء», pp.3559-3566 of the scan (ends where «أنموذج» begins on p.3566). Technical entry on growth of property with a secondary sense in hunting; summarised at the level of principles and rulings, Qur'an verses cited by sura only, hadith paraphrased.",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w02-9"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "التعريف",
     "markdown": "الإنماء لغة مصدر أنمى، وهو فعل ما به يزيد الشيء ويكثر. والنماء الزيادة، وهو نوعان: حقيقي كالتوالد والتجارة، وتقديري كالتمكن من الزيادة بكون المال في اليد أو يد النائب. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الألفاظ ذات الصلة",
     "markdown": "- التثمير والاستثمار: بمعنى الإنماء. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}\n- التجارة: تقليب المال بالمعاوضة لغرض الربح، وهي وسيلة لتنمية المال. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}\n- الاكتساب: طلب الرزق، وهو أعم من الإنماء. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}\n- الزيادة: قد تكون من خارج، أما الإنماء فهو ما ينبع من نفس الشيء. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3560}\n- الكنز والتعطيل والقنية والادخار: أضدادها. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3560}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3561}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مشروعيته",
     "markdown": "الإنماء مشروع، وقد أحل الله البيع والتجارة، وأباحت الشريعة الشركات والمضاربة لتحصيل هذا الغرض، وحفظ المال مقصد من مقاصد الشريعة، ومن وسائل حفظه تنميته. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3561}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حكمه بحسب النية",
     "markdown": "- يفرض لتحصيل المال بقدر الكفاية للنفس والعيال وقضاء الدين. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}\n- يستحب الزائد عن الحاجة لمواساة الفقير ونفع القريب. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}\n- يباح الزائد للتجمل والتنعم. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}\n- يكره الزائد للتفاخر والتكاثر والبطر ولو كان من حل. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الإنماء بالنسبة لمن يملك التصرف دون الرقبة",
     "markdown": "كالولي والوصي وناظر الوقف والوكيل والقاضي والسلطان فيما يرجع إلى بيت المال، يجوز لهم الإنماء بالإذن الشرعي، ويستدل الفقهاء بأحاديث وآثار في ذلك. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3564}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الإنماء بالنسبة لمن يملك الرقبة دون التصرف",
     "markdown": "كالسفيه والصغير والمجنون، يُمنعون من التصرف للحفاظ على أموالهم، ويصح تصرف المميز بإذن وليه. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3564}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الإنماء بغير المشروع",
     "markdown": "يحرم الإنماء عن طريق الربا والقمار والتجارة بالخمر ونحوها. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "إنماء الصيد",
     "markdown": "بمعنى غيبة الصيد عن العين بعد رميه، وهو منسوب إلى ابن عباس في قوله كُل ما أصميت، ودع ما أنميت، وفيه أقوال الفقهاء، وينظر في مصطلح الصيد. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3566}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/inma",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Definition",
     "markdown": "Inma is lexically the causing of an increase: the reflexive verb of nama, meaning to grow. Growth is an increase, either real, as by birth or trade, or assumed, as by property remaining in one's hand or that of an agent. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Related terms",
     "markdown": "- Tathmir and istithmar: investment, with the same sense. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}\n- Trade: exchanging property for gain, and a means of growing it. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}\n- Iktisab: seeking livelihood, which is wider than inma. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}\n- Ziyada: increase that may come from outside, whereas inma comes from the thing itself. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3560}\n- Kanz (hoarding), ta'til (idleness), qinya (keeping for use) and iddikhar (saving) are their opposites. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3560}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3561}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Its lawfulness",
     "markdown": "Growing property is lawful. The Qur'an allowed sale and trade (sura al-Baqara, 2:275), and the law allowed partnerships and mudaraba for this purpose; preserving property is one of its aims, and growing it is one of the means of preserving it. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3561}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Its ruling by intention",
     "markdown": "- Obligatory: to gain enough for oneself and dependants and to pay a debt. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}\n- Recommended: beyond need, to help the poor and benefit kin. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}\n- Permitted: beyond need, for comfort and display of ease. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}\n- Disliked: beyond need, for boasting and rivalry, even if lawfully gained. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "For one with control but not ownership",
     "markdown": "A guardian, executor, supervisor of an endowment, agent, judge or ruler in public funds may grow the property by lawful authority, and the jurists cite hadith and reports of the Companions for this. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3564}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "For one with ownership but not control",
     "markdown": "A foolish person, a minor or an insane person is restricted in disposal to protect his property; a discerning minor may act with his guardian's leave. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3564}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Growth by unlawful means",
     "markdown": "Growth by usury, gambling, or trade in wine is forbidden. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Game that goes out of sight",
     "markdown": "Inma in this sense means the game going out of sight after it is shot. It is attributed to Ibn Abbas, who said to eat what was killed outright and to leave what went out of sight; the jurists differ on it. It is treated in the entry on hunting. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3566}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/inma",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "تعریف",
     "markdown": "انماء لغت میں اضافہ کرنے کو کہتے ہیں، اور نماء زیادتی ہے، جو حقیقی (بچہ یا تجارت سے) یا تقدیری (مال کا ہاتھ میں رہنے سے) ہو سکتی ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3559}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حکم",
     "markdown": "- انماء جائز ہے؛ شریعت نے بیع، تجارت، شرکت اور مضاربت کی اجازت دی، اور مال کی حفاظت شریعت کا مقصد ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3561}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3562}\n- حرام ذرائع سے انماء حرام ہے، جیسے سود، جوا اور شراب کی تجارت۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3565}\n- جو شخص مال کا ولی یا وصی ہو وہ شرعی اجازت سے اسے بڑھا سکتا ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3563}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3564}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/inma",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "building/al-madina-souq",
  "building/bazaar-tabriz",
  "building/khan-al-khalili",
  "building/souq-al-hamidiyya",
  "building/souq-waqif",
  "concept/ajr-al-mithl",
  "concept/akhi-baba",
  "concept/akik-cornelian"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}