{
 "id": "concept/insha",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "insha",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الإنشاء",
  "en": "Insha' (creative speech, and its legal application)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الإنشاء لغة ابتداء الشيء ورفعه، وعند أهل البيان والأصول قسم من الكلام يقابل الخبر، فالخبر ما يحتمل الصدق والكذب لذاته، والإنشاء ما لا يحتمل ذلك لأنه لا يطابق خارجا. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501} وهو نوعان: طلبي كالاستفهام والأمر والنهي والتمني والنداء، وغير طلبي كأفعال المدح والذم والتعجب والقسم. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501} واختلف الفقهاء في ألفاظ العقود كبعت واشتريت، فقال الشافعية هي إنشاء، وقال الحنفية هي إخبار بالاقتضاء، ورجح التهانوي قول الشافعية. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}",
  "en": "Insha' is lexically the beginning and raising of a thing; in rhetoric and usul it is one of the two kinds of speech, against khabar. A khabar is that which admits truth or falsehood in itself, while an insha' does not, because it has no external fact to match. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501} It is of two kinds: demanding (talabi), such as question, command, prohibition, wish and call, and non-demanding, such as praise, blame, surprise and oath. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501} The jurists differ on contract words such as ‘I sold’ and ‘I bought’: the Shafi'is hold them insha', the Hanafis hold them khabar by implication, and al-Tahanawi preferred the Shafi'i view. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "scripture-and-its-sciences"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "term",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya (Noor copy), headword «إنشاء», pp.3501-3502 of the scan (ends where «أنصاب» begins on p.3502; «انشغال الذمة» is a cross-reference to «ذمة»). Technical rhetoric and usul term; summarised at the level of definition and the disputed legal example.",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w02-9"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "التعريف",
     "markdown": "الإنشاء لغة ابتداء الشيء ورفعه. وعند أهل الأدب هو كل ما رجع من صناعة الكتابة إلى تأليف الكلام وترتيب المعاني. وعند البيانيين والأصوليين قسم من الكلام يقابل الخبر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الخبر والإنشاء",
     "markdown": "الخبر ما احتمل الصدق والكذب لذاته، والإنشاء كلام لا يحتمل الصدق ولا الكذب لأنه لا يطابق خارجا، وسمي إنشاء لأنه ابتكار للمعنى. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "أنواعه",
     "markdown": "- الإنشاء الطلبي: كالاستفهام والأمر والنهي والتمني والنداء. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}\n- الإنشاء غير الطلبي: كأفعال المدح والذم وفعلي التعجب والقسم. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ألفاظ العقود",
     "markdown": "اختلف الفقهاء والأصوليون في ألفاظ العقود كبعت واشتريت، وألفاظ الفسوخ كطلقت وأعتقت، وصيغ القضاء. الخلاف فيما يُراد به إنشاء العقد لا فيما يُراد به الإخبار عن عقد سابق. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}\n- قال الشافعية: هي إنشاء، لأنها منقولة عرفا عن المعنى الخبري إلى الإنشاء، ولو كانت خبرا لاحتملت التصديق والتكذيب. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}\n- وقال الحنفية: هي إخبار، لأن دلالتها بالاقتضاء، والصيغة موضوعة للإخبار. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}\n- رجح التهانوي قول الشافعية، وهو قول البيانيين أيضا. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/insha",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Definition",
     "markdown": "Insha' is lexically the beginning and raising of a thing. In the craft of writing it is anything that turns the writer's art into composing speech and arranging meanings; in rhetoric and usul it is one of the two kinds of speech, against khabar. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Khabar and insha'",
     "markdown": "A khabar is speech that admits truth or falsehood in itself; an insha' admits neither, because it has no external fact to match, and is so called because the meaning is created. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Kinds",
     "markdown": "- Demanding insha': question, command, prohibition, wish and call. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}\n- Non-demanding insha': praise, blame, the verbs of surprise, and oath. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Contract words",
     "markdown": "The jurists and usulis differ on words of contract such as ‘I sold’ and ‘I bought’, on words of dissolution such as ‘I divorced’ and ‘I freed’, and on a judge's formulas. The dispute concerns words used to create the contract, not reports of an earlier one. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}\n- The Shafi'is hold these to be insha', because by custom they have passed from reporting to creating. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}\n- The Hanafis hold them khabar, understood by implication, since the formula is set for reporting. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}\n- Al-Tahanawi preferred the Shafi'i view, as did the rhetoricians. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/insha",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "تعریف",
     "markdown": "انشاء لغت میں کسی چیز کی ابتدا اور اٹھان ہے۔ بیان اور اصول کی اصطلاح میں یہ کلام کی وہ قسم ہے جو خبر کے مقابل ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حکم",
     "markdown": "- شافعیہ کے نزدیک بیع کے الفاظ انشاء ہیں، اور حنفیہ کے نزدیک اقتضاء کے ذریعے خبر ہیں؛ تھانوی نے شافعیہ کا قول راجح کہا۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3501}{cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.3502}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/insha",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/al-ahruf-al-sabaa",
  "concept/al-hadith-al-nabawi",
  "concept/al-shamail-al-muhammadiyya",
  "concept/al-sira-al-nabawiyya",
  "concept/al-sunna-al-nabawiyya",
  "concept/amr-nahy",
  "concept/bayan-al-sunna-lil-quran",
  "concept/bida"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}