{
 "id": "concept/mustalah-al-hadith",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "mustalah-al-hadith",
 "label": {
  "ar": "علم مصطلح الحديث",
  "en": "Hadith methodology (mustalah al-hadith)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "علم مصطلح الحديث هو قواعد معرفة أحوال السند والمتن: الصحيح والحسن والضعيف، والموقوف والمرفوع والمقطوع، والمتصل والمنقطع والمعضل والمرسل، والجمع بين الروايات وعللها. أصله في تنبيهات المحدثين الأوائل؛ ثم صارت له كتب مؤلفة، ومن أقدم النصوص التأسيسية الباقية مقدمة مسلم في صحيحه، وتلخصه المدرسة في كتب مثل مقدمة ابن الصلاح.",
  "en": "Mustalah al-hadith is the science of the states of chain and text — sahih, hasan, da'if; mawquf, marfu', maqtu'; muttasil, munqati', mu'dal, mursal — and the reconciliation and hidden defects of transmissions. It began in the early muhaddithun's obiter dicta, then gained its own manuals; the earliest surviving systematic statement is Muslim's introduction to his Sahih, later epitomised in works like Ibn al-Salah's Muqaddima."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/umayyad",
  "period/abbasid-early",
  "period/abbasid-fragmentation"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "scripture-and-its-sciences"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "term",
  "sources": [
   "source/sahih-muslim"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "مقدمة صحيح مسلم؛ صياغة المتحف",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High)",
   "run": "hadith-section-1"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "علم مصطلح الحديث قواعد معرفة أحوال السند والمتن: الصحيح والحسن والضعيف، والموقوف والمرفوع والمقطوع، والمتصل والمنقطع والمعضل والمرسل. {cite:sahih-muslim}\n\nنشأ في خدمة [[concept/al-hadith-al-nabawi|الحديث النبوي]] وصلته وثيقة بـ[[concept/isnad|الإسناد]]. وأصله في تنبيهات المحدثين الأوائل ثم صارت له كتب مؤلفة. {cite:sahih-muslim}\n\nمن أقدم النصوص التأسيسية الباقية مقدمة مسلم في صحيحه. أما تلخيص المدرسة له في كتب مثل مقدمة ابن الصلاح فيحتاج إلى مصدر إضافي."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/mustalah-al-hadith",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The science of the terminology of hadith comprises the rules for knowing the states of the chain and the text: the sound, the good, and the weak; the *mawquf*, the *marfu'*, and the *maqtu'*; the connected, the disconnected, the *mu'dal*, and the *mursal*. {cite:sahih-muslim}\n\nIt arose in the service of [[concept/al-hadith-al-nabawi|the Prophetic hadith]], and its relation to [[concept/isnad|the chain of transmission]] is close. Its origin lies in the observations of the early hadith scholars, and afterwards books were composed on it. {cite:sahih-muslim}\n\nAmong the oldest foundational texts that survive is Muslim's introduction to his *Sahih*. The summary of the school in books such as the introduction of Ibn al-Salah needs a further source."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/mustalah-al-hadith",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "concept/isnad",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/sahih-muslim"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "concept/al-hadith-al-nabawi",
   "type": "related_to",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "علمٌ ناشئ في خدمة الحديث",
   "sources": [
    "source/sahih-muslim"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "concept/al-hadith-al-nabawi",
  "concept/isnad",
  "concept/al-shamail-al-muhammadiyya",
  "concept/al-sira-al-nabawiyya",
  "concept/ittisal-al-isnad",
  "passage/muslim-muqaddima-isnad",
  "person/muhammad",
  "concept/abjad-kings-etymology"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}