{
 "id": "concept/ramadan-fiqh",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "ramadan-fiqh",
 "label": {
  "ar": "رمضان",
  "en": "Ramadan (the month of fasting): its name, the sighting of its crescent, its special features, and the virtues and acts of worship recommended in it",
  "ur": "رمضان (ماہ صیام)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "رمضان اسم للشهر المعروف، قيل سمي بذلك لوقوعه في أيام رمض الحر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} ويثبت شهر رمضان برؤية هلاله، فإن تعذرت أُكمل شعبان ثلاثين يوما، واختلف الفقهاء في عدد الشهود: فالحنفية والشافعية والحنابلة يكتفون بعدل واحد، والمالكية لا يثبتونه إلا بعدلين. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8987} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} ويتفق الفقهاء على اعتبار شهادة عدلين في هلال شوال. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} ويختص رمضان بنزول القرآن، وبفرضية صيامه وهي مجمع عليها، وبفضل الصدقة فيه، وبليلة القدر، وبسنية التراويح والاعتكاف في العشر الأواخر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8990} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} وتستحب فيه مدارسة القرآن، ويتأكد فيه تفطير الصائم والعمرة، وقد اختلف الفقهاء في الأفضل بين التكسب والتفرغ للعبادة فيه. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8992}",
  "en": "Ramadan is the name of the known month; it is said to have been named for the season of intense heat when the Arabs gave the months their names. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} The month is established by sighting the crescent; if that is impossible, Sha'ban is completed to thirty days. The jurists differ on the number of witnesses: the Hanafis, Shafi'is and Hanbalis accept one just witness, while the Malikis require two. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8987} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} The jurists agree that the end of Ramadan (the crescent of Shawwal) needs two witnesses. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} Ramadan is distinguished by the revelation of the Qur'an in it, by the obligation of its fast (agreed by the community), by the excellence of charity in it, by the night of power, and by the recommended taraweeh and i'tikaf in its last ten nights. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8990} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} Studying and reciting the Qur'an are especially recommended in it, giving alms and the lesser pilgrimage are more meritorious, and the jurists differ on whether earning a living or devoting oneself to worship is better in it. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8992}",
  "ur": "رمضان ماہ صیام ہے؛ اس کا چاند دیکھ کر ثبوت ہوتا ہے، ورنہ شعبان کے تیس دن پورے کیے جاتے ہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} اس میں قرآن کا نزول، روزے کی فرضیت، شب قدر، تراویح اور آخری عشرے کا اعتکاف ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8990}"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "worship-and-the-pillars"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "legal",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، نسخة نور بوك، مدخل «رمضان»، ص 8986-8992 من المسح",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "mawsua-w05-batch55"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5; headword read on scan pages 8986-8992 (next heading رمق on p.8993). Qur'an verses and hadiths named, not typed; footnote citations omitted; Urdu is a short draft."
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "رمضان اسم للشهر المعروف، قيل سمي بذلك لوقوعه في أيام رمض الحر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} ويثبت شهر رمضان برؤية هلاله، فإن تعذرت أُكمل شعبان ثلاثين يوما، واختلف الفقهاء في عدد الشهود: فالحنفية والشافعية والحنابلة يكتفون بعدل واحد، والمالكية لا يثبتونه إلا بعدلين. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8987} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} ويتفق الفقهاء على اعتبار شهادة عدلين في هلال شوال. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} ويختص رمضان بنزول القرآن، وبفرضية صيامه وهي مجمع عليها، وبفضل الصدقة فيه، وبليلة القدر، وبسنية التراويح والاعتكاف في العشر الأواخر. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8990} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} وتستحب فيه مدارسة القرآن، ويتأكد فيه تفطير الصائم والعمرة، وقد اختلف الفقهاء في الأفضل بين التكسب والتفرغ للعبادة فيه. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8992}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ramadan-fiqh",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Ramadan is the name of the known month; it is said to have been named for the season of intense heat when the Arabs gave the months their names. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} The month is established by sighting the crescent; if that is impossible, Sha'ban is completed to thirty days. The jurists differ on the number of witnesses: the Hanafis, Shafi'is and Hanbalis accept one just witness, while the Malikis require two. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8987} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} The jurists agree that the end of Ramadan (the crescent of Shawwal) needs two witnesses. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8988} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} Ramadan is distinguished by the revelation of the Qur'an in it, by the obligation of its fast (agreed by the community), by the excellence of charity in it, by the night of power, and by the recommended taraweeh and i'tikaf in its last ten nights. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8990} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} Studying and reciting the Qur'an are especially recommended in it, giving alms and the lesser pilgrimage are more meritorious, and the jurists differ on whether earning a living or devoting oneself to worship is better in it. {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8991} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8992}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ramadan-fiqh",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [],
    "status": "draft"
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "رمضان ماہ صیام ہے؛ اس کا چاند دیکھ کر ثبوت ہوتا ہے، ورنہ شعبان کے تیس دن پورے کیے جاتے ہیں۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8986} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} اس میں قرآن کا نزول، روزے کی فرضیت، شب قدر، تراویح اور آخری عشرے کا اعتکاف ہے۔ {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8989} {cite:fiqh-mawsua-kuwaitiyya-noor-v3 p.8990}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/ramadan-fiqh",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [],
    "status": "draft"
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-23"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-23",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/abandoning-prayer-takfir",
  "concept/ada",
  "concept/adhan-fiqh",
  "concept/adhm",
  "concept/adornment-of-desires",
  "concept/ahl-al-suffa",
  "concept/al-ard-masjid-wa-tahur",
  "concept/al-infaq-fi-sabil-allah"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}