{
 "id": "concept/religious-experience",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "religious-experience",
 "label": {
  "ar": "التجربة الدينية",
  "en": "Religious experience"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "التجربة الباطنية التي يقوم عليها الإيمان في نظر محمد إقبال؛ يعدّها في المحاضرة الأولى معطًى من معطيات الخبرة الإنسانية لا يُرَدّ إلى معطيات العلم الطبيعي، وتُختبر دعاواها بمعايير المعرفة نفسها.",
  "en": "The inner experience on which faith rests, in the view of Muhammad Iqbal. In Lecture I he treats it as one of the data of human experience, not reducible to the data of natural science, whose claims must be tested by the standards of knowledge in general."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "spirituality-and-sufism",
  "philosophy-and-logic"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "term",
  "issue": {
   "ar": "هل يمكن للتجربة الدينية أن تكون معرفة بالحقيقة، وكيف نحكم على ما تدّعيه؟",
   "en": "Can religious experience be a form of knowledge of reality, and how do we judge what it claims?"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "Muhammad Iqbal, The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, machine-read copy pp. 4 to 19 (edition not verified)",
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5 (library-expansion sub-agent), draft",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "lib-exp-modern-muslim-writers-iqbal-1"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Claude Haiku 5.5 (library-expansion); read from OCR of pp. 4 to 19; edition not verified"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "التجربة الدينية عند [[work/reconstruction-religious-thought-islam|محمد إقبال]] تجربة باطنية يقوم عليها الإيمان، وهي في المحاضرة الأولى من كتابه معطًى من معطيات الخبرة الإنسانية لا يُرَدّ إلى معطيات العلم الطبيعي، وتُختبر دعاواها بمعايير المعرفة العامة. {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.3}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "صفات التجربة الصوفية عنده",
     "markdown": "يصف إقبال التجربة الصوفية بأنها ذات مضمون موضوعي، ووحدة لا تُحلَّل، ولقاء بذات متعالية تتجاوز الشخص مؤقتاً، ولا تُنقل إلا تفسيرها. وهذه قراءته، ولا تعبّر عن حكم المتحف. {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.14} {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.15}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "موقعها بين العلوم",
     "markdown": "يرى أن التجربة الدينية تفسّر منطقة من الخبرة لا تفسّرها الفيزياء ولا الكيمياء، وأن الصراع بينها وبين العلم يأتي من الخلط بين منطقتين. {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.18}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/religious-experience",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "en",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-18"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "For [[work/reconstruction-religious-thought-islam|Muhammad Iqbal]], religious experience is the inner experience on which faith rests. In Lecture I of his book he treats it as one of the data of human experience, not reducible to the data of natural science, and holds that its claims must be tested by the general standards of knowledge. {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.3}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The mystical state, in his reading",
     "markdown": "Iqbal describes the mystical state as having objective content, an unanalysable wholeness, an encounter with a Unique Other Self that momentarily transcends the person, and a content that cannot be communicated, only its interpretation. This is his reading, not a ruling of the museum. {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.14} {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.15}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Its place among the sciences",
     "markdown": "He argues that religion interprets a region of experience that physics and chemistry do not, and that the conflict between religion and science comes from confusing the two regions. {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.18}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/religious-experience",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "en",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-18"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "[[work/reconstruction-religious-thought-islam|محمد اقبال]] کے نزدیک دینی تجربہ ایک باطنی تجربہ ہے جس پر ایمان قائم ہے۔ ان کے پہلے لیکچر میں یہ انسانی تجربے کا ایک ایسا معطیٰ ہے جسے طبعی علم کے معطیات پر تحویل نہیں کیا جا سکتا، اور اس کے دعووں کو عمومی علم کے معیارات سے پرکھا جاتا ہے۔ {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.3}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ان کے نزدیک صوفیانہ تجربے کی صفات",
     "markdown": "اقبال صوفیانہ تجربے کو ایسا بیان کرتے ہیں جس کا مضمون معروضی ہو، جس کی وحدت ناقابلِ تجزیہ ہو، جو ایک ایسی ماورائی ہستی سے وقتی ملاقات ہو جو شخص سے بالاتر ہے، اور جس کی صرف تفسیر ہی منتقل کی جا سکتی ہے۔ یہ ان کی قراءت ہے، میوزیم کا فیصلہ نہیں۔ {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.14} {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.15}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "دیگر علوم کے درمیان مقام",
     "markdown": "اقبال کے نزدیک دینی تجربہ تجربے کے اس خطے کی تفسیر کرتا ہے جسے طبیعیات اور کیمیا تفسیر نہیں کرتیں، اور دین اور سائنس کے درمیان کشمکش دو خطوں کو خلط کرنے سے پیدا ہوتی ہے۔ {cite:iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought p.18}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/religious-experience",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-18"
  }
 },
 "degree": 2,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-18",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "work/reconstruction-religious-thought-islam",
   "type": "mentioned_in",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/iqbal-reconstruction-religious-thought"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "concept/fuad-heart-as-insight",
  "concept/tests-of-religious-experience",
  "concept/tasawwuf",
  "person/ibn-khaldun",
  "work/reconstruction-religious-thought-islam",
  "concept/ilm",
  "person/al-ghazali-abu-hamid",
  "person/ibn-rushd"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}