{
 "id": "concept/shahada",
 "class": "concept",
 "slug": "shahada",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الشهادتان",
  "en": "The shahada"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمداً رسول الله، وهي أول ما ذكره حديث «بُني الإسلام على خمس» في بيان ما بُني عليه الإسلام.",
  "en": "The testimony that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is God's messenger, named first in the hadith 'Islam is built on five' that lists what Islam is built on."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "global"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "worship-and-the-pillars",
  "creed"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "doctrine",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "صحيح البخاري، كتاب الإيمان، الأحاديث 8 و46 و50",
   "generated_by": "Claude (maintainer session)",
   "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "run": "core-concepts-1"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/sahih-al-bukhari",
   "source/tanzil-quran"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; hadith nos. 8, 46, 50 of Sahih al-Bukhari checked against the extracted text of the al-Bugha edition; ayat checked against the frozen Tanzil text"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "«الشهادتان» هما شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمداً رسول الله، وهما أول ما ذكره النبي في قوله: «بُني الإسلام على خمس» {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 8}. وهما أحد [[concept/five-pillars|أركان الإسلام الخمسة]]."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في حديث جبريل",
     "markdown": "حين عرّف النبي [[concept/islam-din|الإسلام]] لجبريل قال: «أن تعبد الله ولا تشرك به شيئاً» {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 50}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما لم يُذكر هنا",
     "markdown": "تتناول كتب العقيدة معنى «لا إله إلا الله» وشروطها وأقسام التوحيد؛ وستُضاف في دفعة لاحقة من المصادر العقدية بأقوال أصحابها، ولم تُعرض هنا لعدم وجودها في المصادر التي رُجع إليها."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/shahada",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "\"The two testimonies\" are the testimony that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is God's messenger — the first thing the Prophet mentioned in his saying \"Islam is built on five\" {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 8}. They are one of [[concept/five-pillars|the five pillars of Islam]]."
    },
    {
     "heading": "In Gabriel's hadith",
     "markdown": "When the Prophet defined [[concept/islam-din|Islam]] for Gabriel he said: \"That you worship God and associate nothing with Him\" {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 50}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "What is not covered here",
     "markdown": "The creed books treat the meaning of \"there is no god but God\", its conditions and the categories of tawhid; that will be added in a later batch from the creed sources with their authors' sayings, and is not presented here since it is not in the sources consulted."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "concept/shahada",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "concept/five-pillars",
   "type": "based_on",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/sahih-al-bukhari"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "concept/islam-din",
   "type": "based_on",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/sahih-al-bukhari"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "concept/islam-din",
  "concept/five-pillars",
  "concept/iman",
  "practice/hajj",
  "practice/salah",
  "practice/sawm-ramadan",
  "practice/zakat",
  "concept/ahl-al-qibla"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}