{
 "id": "event/abu-sufyan-medina-mission",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "abu-sufyan-medina-mission",
 "label": {
  "en": "Abu Sufyan's mission to Medina",
  "ar": "بعثة أبي سفيان إلى المدينة لتجديد العقد"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "Frightened by what had been done at al-Watir, Quraysh sent Abu Sufyan ibn Harb to Medina to stiffen the pact and extend its term. The Prophet gave him no answer; Abu Bakr and Umar declined to intercede; Ali advised him to grant protection himself, which he did and returned home empty-handed.",
  "ar": "رَهِبت قريش ما صنعت فبعثت أبا سفيان بن حرب إلى المدينة يشد العقد ويزيد في المدة؛ فلم يرد عليه النبي شيئًا، وأبى أبو بكر وعمر أن يشفعا، وأشار عليه علي أن يجير بنفسه بين الناس ففعل ورجع إلى قريش خائبًا."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people",
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "laws-of-war-and-peace"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 629.0005270470988,
  "latest": 629.999863104618
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0629",
   "hijri": "0008",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "بعد استغاثة خزاعة وقبل كتاب حاطب، بحسب ترتيب ابن إسحاق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0629",
   "hijri": "0008",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "بعد استغاثة خزاعة وقبل كتاب حاطب، بحسب ترتيب ابن إسحاق.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "other",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0629",
    "hijri": "0008",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "بعد استغاثة خزاعة وقبل كتاب حاطب، بحسب ترتيب ابن إسحاق.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
    ]
   }
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "sira-ibn-hisham saqqa 1936, juz' 4 pp. 37–39",
   "generated_by": "Devin",
   "run": "ibn-hisham-batch-1a"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa",
   "source/ibn-ishaq-guillaume"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin; mined from Ibn Hisham juz' 4 pp. 37–39"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "رَهِبت [[group/quraysh|قريش]] ما صنعت في [[event/khuzaa-bakr-clash-al-watir|خرق العهد]]، فبعثت [[person/abu-sufyan-ibn-harb|أبا سفيان بن حرب]] إلى [[place/medina|المدينة]] يشد العقد ويزيد في المدة {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}. لم يردّ عليه النبي شيئًا، ولم يجد عند أبي بكر ولا عمر شفيعًا، فأجار بنفسه في المسجد ورجع إلى قريش خائبًا {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38-39}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في الطريق",
     "markdown": "لقي أبو سفيان [[person/budayl-ibn-warqa|بديل بن ورقاء]] في نفر من خزاعة ب[[place/asfan|عسفان]] — على مرحلتين من مكة — فسألهم متى خرجتم، وقال لهم بديل إنهم يتنزهون في هذه الأودية؛ وكانوا قد خرجوا من المدينة فكتمه {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/37-38}. ومضى حتى دخل المدينة {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في المدينة",
     "markdown": "دخل أبو سفيان على ابنته [[person/umm-habiba-bint-abi-sufyan|أم حبيبة]]؛ فلما ذهب ليجلس على فراش النبي طوته دونه، وقالت: «هو فراش رسول الله وأنت رجل مشرك نجس، فلم أحب أن تجلس عليه» {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}.\n\nثم دخل على النبي فكلمه، فلم يردّ عليه شيئًا {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}. فخرج إلى [[person/abu-bakr|أبي بكر]] فكلمه أن يشفع له، فأبى {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}. وخرج إلى [[person/umar-ibn-al-khattab|عمر]] فوجده عنيفًا، فقال: أنا أشفع لك عند رسول الله؟ والله لو لم أجد إلا الذرّ لجاهدتك به {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38-39}. فأتى [[person/fatima|فاطمة]]، فوجد عندها ابنًا صغيرًا، فقال لها اجعليه يجيرني، فسكتت {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}.\n\nثم دخل على [[person/ali-ibn-abi-talib|علي]] فأشار عليه: «قم فأجر بين الناس» — أي أعلن الأمان بنفسك — فقام أبو سفيان فقال في المسجد: يا أيها الناس إني قد أجرت بينكم {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}. فركب راحلته ورجع إلى قريش، فأخبرهم بما لقي؛ وكان جواب قريش: ما نراك جئتنا بشيء {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأهمية",
     "markdown": "فشلت آخر وساطة قرشية، فلم يبق بعدها أمام قريش سوى انتظار ما ستؤول إليه الأمور {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}. وفي الرواية نفسها إشارة ابن هشام إلى أن عبارة «أعدى العدو» في خطبة أبي سفيان لقريش من غير ابن إسحاق {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "جاء أبو سفيان إلى المدينة خائفًا، يطلب تجديد معاهدة السلام. فلم يجبه أحد بما يريد، فأعلن بنفسه الأمان في المسجد وعاد إلى مكة وفي يده لا شيء."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/abu-sufyan-medina-mission",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Dreading what it had done in [[event/khuzaa-bakr-clash-al-watir|the breach of the treaty]], [[group/quraysh|Quraysh]] sent [[person/abu-sufyan-ibn-harb|Abu Sufyan ibn Harb]] to [[place/medina|Medina]] to tighten the pact and extend its term {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}. The Prophet returned him nothing, and he found no intercessor in Abu Bakr or Umar, so he proclaimed protection for himself in the mosque and went back to Quraysh empty-handed {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38-39}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "On the road",
     "markdown": "Abu Sufyan met [[person/budayl-ibn-warqa|Budayl ibn Warqa]] with a party of Khuza'a at [[place/asfan|Asfan]] — two stages from Mecca — and asked when they had set out; Budayl told him they were wandering these valleys, concealing that they had come from Medina {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/37-38}. He went on until he entered Medina {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "In Medina",
     "markdown": "Abu Sufyan went in to his daughter [[person/umm-habiba-bint-abi-sufyan|Umm Habiba]]; when he moved to sit on the Prophet's bedding she folded it away from him, saying: \"It is the Messenger of God's bedding, and you are a polytheist, ritually unclean; I did not want you to sit on it\" {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}.\n\nThen he went in to the Prophet and spoke, and the Prophet returned him nothing {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}. He went out to [[person/abu-bakr|Abu Bakr]] and asked him to intercede for him; he refused {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38}. He went out to [[person/umar-ibn-al-khattab|Umar]] and found him fierce: \"I intercede for you with the Messenger of God? By God, if I found nothing but ants I would fight you with them\" {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/38-39}. Then he came to [[person/fatima|Fatima]] and found her small son with her; he asked her to have the boy grant him protection, and she said nothing {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}.\n\nThen he went in to [[person/ali-ibn-abi-talib|Ali]], who advised him: \"Rise and proclaim protection among the people\" — that is, announce the amnesty yourself — so Abu Sufyan stood and said in the mosque: \"people, I have proclaimed protection among you\" {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}. He mounted his camel and returned to Quraysh and told them what he had met; Quraysh's answer was: we do not think you have brought us anything {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Significance",
     "markdown": "The last Qurashi mediation had failed, and nothing remained for Quraysh but to wait for what would come {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}. In the same account is Ibn Hisham's note that the phrase \"the most hostile enemy\" in Abu Sufyan's address to Quraysh is from other than Ibn Ishaq {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/39}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Abu Sufyan came to Medina afraid, asking to renew the peace treaty. No one answered him as he wished, so he declared safety for himself in the mosque and went back to Mecca with nothing in his hand."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/abu-sufyan-medina-mission",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 24,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/budayl-ibn-warqa",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "counter-interlocutor-at-usfan",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/umm-habiba-bint-abi-sufyan",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "daughter-of-envoy",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/medina",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "place/asfan",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "لقاؤه بديل بن ورقاء بعسفان في طريقه من مكة إلى المدينة.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/khuzaa-bakr-clash-al-watir",
   "type": "caused_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "بعثته قريش لما رهبت الذي صنعت.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/conquest-of-mecca",
   "type": "caused",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "فشلت البعثة؛ وبعدها أجمع النبي المسير.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-sufyan-ibn-harb",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "envoy",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "silent-refusal",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-bakr",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "declined-intercession",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/umar-ibn-al-khattab",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "declined-intercession",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-ibn-abi-talib",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "adviser",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/fatima",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "silent",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "place/mecca",
  "person/muhammad",
  "event/khuzaa-appeal-to-medina",
  "event/hijra",
  "event/conquest-of-mecca",
  "person/umar-ibn-al-khattab",
  "place/medina",
  "event/abu-sufyan-conversion"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}