{
 "id": "event/ansar-scribes-kamil",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "ansar-scribes-kamil",
 "label": {
  "ar": "كتبة الأوس والخزرج وأهل الكمال",
  "en": "The Scribes of Aws and Khazraj and the Complete"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "قال الواقدي كان الكتاب بالعربية في الأوس والخزرج قليلاً وكان بعض اليهود قد علم كتاب العربية وكان تعلمه الصبيان في المدينة في الزمن الأول فجاء الإسلام وفي الأوس والخزرج عدة يكتبون وهم سعد بن عبادة بن دليم والمنذر بن عمرو وأبي بن كعب وزيد بن ثابت فكان يكتب العربية والعبرانية ورافع بن مالك وأسيد بن حضير ومعن بن عدي البلوي حليف الأنصار وبشير بن سعد وسعد بن الربيع وأوس بن خولي وعبد الله بن أبي وكان الكامل منهم والكامل من يجمع إلى الكتاب الرمي والعوم رافع بن مالك وسعد بن عبادة وأسيد بن حضير وعبد الله بن أبي وأوس بن خولي وكان من جمع هذه الأشياء في الجاهلية من أهل يثرب سويد بن الصامت وخدير الكتائب وقال زيد بن ثابت أمرني رسول الله أن أتعلم له كتاب يهود وقال لي إني لا آمن يهوداً على كتابي فلم ير بي نصف شهر حتى تعلمته فكنت أكتب له إلى يهود وإذا كتبوا إليه قرأت كتابهم.",
  "en": "Al-Waqidi: writing in Arabic was rare among Aws and Khazraj; some Jews had taught Arabic writing, and the boys learned it in early Medina. When Islam came, those who wrote were Sa'd ibn 'Ubada ibn Dulaym, al-Mundhir ibn 'Amr, Ubayy ibn Ka'b, Zayd ibn Thabit — who wrote Arabic and Hebrew — Rafi' ibn Malik, Usayd ibn Hudayr, Ma'n ibn 'Adi al-Balawi the Ansars' ally, Bashir ibn Sa'd, Sa'd ibn al-Rabi', Aws ibn Khawli and Abdallah ibn Ubayy. The kamil — who joined writing, archery and swimming — were Rafi' ibn Malik, Sa'd ibn 'Ubada, Usayd ibn Hudayr, Abdallah ibn Ubayy and Aws ibn Khawli; and of Jahiliya Yathrib, Suwayd ibn al-Samit and Hudayr al-Kata'ib. Zayd ibn Thabit: 'the Prophet ordered me to learn the Jews' script — I do not trust the Jews with my correspondence — and before half a month passed I had learned it: I wrote his letters to the Jews, and when they wrote to him I read their letters'."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people",
  "place",
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [
  "period/pre-islamic-arabia",
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "other",
  "sources": [
   "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High)",
   "extraction_flow": "Apple Vision OCR -> manual extraction"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "ينقل البلاذري عن الواقدي أن الكتابة بالعربية كانت قليلة في الأوس والخزرج. وكان بعض اليهود يعلّمونها، وكان صبيان المدينة يتعلمونها في الزمن الأول. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الكتبة",
     "markdown": "حين جاء الإسلام كان في الأنصار عدد ممن يكتب، منهم [[person/sad-ibn-ubada|سعد بن عبادة]] و[[person/al-mundhir-ibn-amr|المنذر بن عمرو]] و[[person/ubayy-ibn-kab|أبي بن كعب]] و[[person/zayd-ibn-thabit|زيد بن ثابت]]، وكان زيد يكتب العربية والعبرانية. ويذكر الخبر أيضاً [[person/rafi-ibn-malik|رافع بن مالك]] و[[person/usayd-ibn-hudayr|أسيد بن حضير]] و[[person/bashir-ibn-sad|بشير بن سعد]] و[[person/aws-ibn-khawli|أوس بن خولي]] و[[person/abdullah-ibn-ubayy|عبد الله بن أبي]]. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الكاملون",
     "markdown": "الكامل عندهم من جمع إلى الكتابة الرمي والعوم. وعدّ منهم الخبر رافعاً وسعداً وأسيداً وعبد الله بن أبي وأوساً. ومن أهل يثرب في الجاهلية [[person/suwayd-ibn-al-samit|سويد بن الصامت]] وخدير الكتائب. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "قول زيد",
     "markdown": "ينسب البلاذري إلى زيد بن ثابت أن النبي أمره أن يتعلم كتاب اليهود، وأنه تعلمه في أقل من نصف شهر، فكان يكتب للنبي إليهم ويقرأ ما يكتبون. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ملاحظة",
     "markdown": "الخبر من مصدر واحد، وليس له تاريخ محدد في البيانات."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/ansar-scribes-kamil",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "al-Baladhuri relates from al-Waqidi that writing in Arabic was rare among the Aws and Khazraj. Some Jews taught it, and the boys of Medina used to learn it in the earliest times. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The scribes",
     "markdown": "When Islam came, a number of the Ansar could write, among them [[person/sad-ibn-ubada|Sa'd ibn Ubada]], [[person/al-mundhir-ibn-amr|al-Mundhir ibn Amr]], [[person/ubayy-ibn-kab|Ubayy ibn Ka'b]] and [[person/zayd-ibn-thabit|Zayd ibn Thabit]]. Zayd could write Arabic and Hebrew. The report also names [[person/rafi-ibn-malik|Rafi' ibn Malik]], [[person/usayd-ibn-hudayr|Usayd ibn Hudayr]], [[person/bashir-ibn-sad|Bashir ibn Sa'd]], [[person/aws-ibn-khawli|Aws ibn Khawli]] and [[person/abdullah-ibn-ubayy|Abd Allah ibn Ubayy]]. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The accomplished",
     "markdown": "The \"accomplished\" (kamil) among them was one who combined writing with archery and swimming. The report counts Rafi', Sa'd, Usayd, Abd Allah ibn Ubayy and Aws among them. From the people of Yathrib in the pre-Islamic period were [[person/suwayd-ibn-al-samit|Suwayd ibn al-Samit]] and Khudayr al-Kata'ib. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Zayd's account",
     "markdown": "al-Baladhuri attributes to Zayd ibn Thabit that the Prophet ordered him to learn the writing of the Jews. He learned it in less than half a month, and afterwards he wrote to them on the Prophet's behalf and read what they wrote. {cite:futuh-buldan-maarif-1407}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Note",
     "markdown": "The report rests on a single source, and the data gives no specific date for it."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/ansar-scribes-kamil",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 20,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/sad-ibn-ubada",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكتبة الكملة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ubayy-ibn-kab",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكتبة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zayd-ibn-thabit",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "كاتب العبرانية",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/usayd-ibn-hudayr",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكملة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-ubayy",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكملة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/al-mundhir-ibn-amr",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكتبة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/bashir-ibn-sad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكتبة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/aws-ibn-khawli",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكملة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/rafi-ibn-malik",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الكملة",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/suwayd-ibn-al-samit",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "كامل الجاهلية",
   "sources": [
    "source/futuh-buldan-maarif-1407"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "group/ansar",
  "event/pledges-of-aqaba",
  "place/medina",
  "event/battle-of-the-trench",
  "event/battle-of-uhud",
  "event/quraysh-scribes",
  "event/saqifa",
  "event/second-pledge-of-aqaba"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}