{
 "id": "event/badr-aftermath",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "badr-aftermath",
 "label": {
  "ar": "بعد بدر: القتلى والأسرى والأنفال وأخبار المدينة ومكة",
  "en": "After Badr: the dead, the captives, the spoils, and the news in Mecca and Medina"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "استشهد من المسلمين أربعة عشر رجلاً، وقُتل من المشركين نحو سبعين وأُسر نحو سبعين، وألقي القتلى في القليب، وخبرت مكة بالهزيمة، ثم بعث النبي بشيرين إلى المدينة، وقسم الغنائم بعد خلاف، وأطلق الأسرى بالفداء، وفرض الصيام والزكاة.",
  "en": "Fourteen Muslims were martyred, about seventy Meccans were killed and about seventy taken captive; the dead were thrown into a well, Mecca received the news of the rout, the Prophet sent two messengers to Medina, the spoils were divided after a dispute, the captives were ransomed, and fasting and zakat al-fitr were prescribed."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people",
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 624.1626453657502,
  "latest": 624.2475204829352
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0624-03~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "بعد يوم بدر، السنة الثانية للهجرة (الرحيق ص222–233)."
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0624-03~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "بعد يوم بدر، السنة الثانية للهجرة (الرحيق ص222–233)."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "other",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0624-03~",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "بعد يوم بدر، السنة الثانية للهجرة (الرحيق ص222–233)."
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
   "source/sahih-muslim",
   "source/sahih-al-bukhari",
   "source/musnad-ahmad",
   "source/sunan-abi-dawud"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الرحيق المختوم ص220–233 نقلاً عن صحيح البخاري ومسلم وأحمد وأبي داود وابن هشام 1/630–660 وزاد المعاد 2/89–90 وتاريخ عمر لابن الجوزي",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "raheeq-prose-batch-14c"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5); al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 222–233"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "استشهد من المسلمين في بدر أربعة عشر رجلاً، ستة من المهاجرين وثمانية من الأنصار، وقُتل من المشركين نحو سبعين وأُسر نحو سبعين، وكانت الهزيمة ساحقة لقريش {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.224}. وألقي القتلى في القليب، ثم ناداهم النبي بأسمائهم {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "مكة تسمع الخبر",
     "markdown": "فر المشركون متفرقين نحو مكة، فكان أول من قدمها بخبرهم الحيسمان بن عبد الله الخزاعي، وكان في الحجر صفوان بن أمية الذي قُتل أبوه وأخوه {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225}. وكان [[person/abu-lahab|أبو لهب]] يسمع الأخبار، فلما قال أبو سفيان بن الحارث إن القوم لقيهم رجال بيض على خيل بلق، قال أبو رافع مولى العباس: تلك الملائكة، فضربه أبو لهب، فضربته امرأته أم الفضل بعمود فشجته، فمات بعد سبع ليال {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.226}. ومنعت مكة النياحة على القتلى لئلا يشمت المسلمون {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.226}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "المدينة تسمع البشرى",
     "markdown": "أرسل النبي بشيرين: [[person/abdullah-ibn-rawaha|عبد الله بن رواحة]] إلى أهل العالية، و[[person/zayd-ibn-haritha|زيد بن حارثة]] إلى أهل السافلة، وكان اليهود والمنافقون قد أرجفوا بموت النبي، حتى رأوا زيداً على القصواء فقال أحدهم إن محمداً قُتل {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.227}. ولما تأكد الفتح عمت البهجة المدينة، وأتى الخبر أسامة بن زيد حين سوّوا التراب على رقية بنت النبي {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.227}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الغنائم",
     "markdown": "بعد الخلاف على الغنائم بين من جمعها ومن طارد العدو ومن أحاط بالنبي، نزل فيها قوله تعالى في سورة الأنفال، فقسمها النبي بين المسلمين بعد أن أخذ الخمس {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.228}. ثم قتل النضر بن الحارث بالصفراء قتله علي، وقتل عقبة بن أبي معيط بعرق الظبية، وكان قد ألقى سلا الجزور على النبي وخنقه بردائه {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.228}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأسرى",
     "markdown": "استشار النبي أصحابه في الأسرى، فقال أبو بكر يأخذ الفداء، وقال عمر يضرب أعناقهم، فأخذ النبي برأي أبي بكر، فبكيا فسأله عمر، فقال: عُرض عليّ عذابهم أدنى من هذه الشجرة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.229}. ونزل قوله تعالى في سورة الأنفال عتاباً على أخذ الفداء قبل الإثخان، ثم أُخذ الفداء بين أربعة آلاف وألف درهم، ومن لم يجد فداء علّم أبناء الأنصار القراءة والكتابة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.230}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "زينب وأبو العاص",
     "markdown": "أطلق النبي أبا العاص زوج زينب بعد أن فُدي بقلادة لها كانت عند خديجة، بشرط أن يخلي سبيل زينب، فهاجرت بعد ذلك بمساعدة زيد بن حارثة ورجل من الأنصار {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.230}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "عيد الفطر والزكاة",
     "markdown": "في السنة الثانية من الهجرة فرض صيام رمضان وزكاة الفطر، وبيّنت أنصبة الزكاة، وكان أول عيد يحتفل به المسلمون بعد هذا النصر {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.231} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.232}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ملاحظات للباحثين",
     "markdown": "- يذكر الكتاب أن الروايات في موت أبي لهب ومكان دفنه متعددة، ويرجح ما ساقه عن أم الفضل {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.226}.\n- روى الكتاب عن أبي طلحة أن النبي ناداهم في القليب، وفي رواية أن النبي قال لعمر إن الأموات لا يسمعون {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "بعد النصر في بدر صار المسلمون يحكمون الأسرى بالفداء، وأرسل النبي من يبشر أهل المدينة بالنصر، وقسم الغنائم بينهم بالعدل، وفرض الصيام في شهر رمضان."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/badr-aftermath",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Fourteen men of the Muslims were martyred at Badr, six of the Muhajirun and eight of the Ansar. About seventy of the polytheists were killed and about seventy taken captive, and the defeat was crushing for Quraysh. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.224} The dead were thrown into the well, and then the Prophet called out to them by name. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Mecca hears the news",
     "markdown": "The polytheists fled scattered toward Mecca. The first to bring them the news there was al-Haysaman ibn Abd Allah al-Khuza'i. Safwan ibn Umayya, whose father and brother had been killed, was in al-Hijr. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225} [[person/abu-lahab|Abu Lahab]] used to listen for news. When Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith said that men on white horses with piebald marks had met the army, Abu Rafi', client of al-Abbas, said: \"Those were the angels.\" Abu Lahab struck him, and his wife Umm al-Fadl struck him with a pole and split his head open, and he died seven nights later. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.226} Mecca forbade wailing over the dead, so that the Muslims would not rejoice. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.226}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Medina hears the good news",
     "markdown": "The Prophet sent two messengers with the news: [[person/abdullah-ibn-rawaha|Abd Allah ibn Rawaha]] to the people of the upper quarter (al-'Aliya), and [[person/zayd-ibn-haritha|Zayd ibn Haritha]] to the people of the lower quarter (al-Safila). The Jews and the hypocrites had spread rumours that the Prophet had died, until they saw Zayd on al-Qaswa', when one of them said that Muhammad had been killed. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.227} When the victory was confirmed, joy spread through Medina. The news reached Usama ibn Zayd as they were levelling the soil over the grave of Ruqayya, the Prophet's daughter. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.227}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The spoils",
     "markdown": "A dispute arose over the spoils between those who had gathered them, those who pursued the enemy, and those who had surrounded the Prophet. A verse of Sura al-Anfal came down about them, and the Prophet divided the spoils among the Muslims after taking out the fifth. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.228} Then al-Nadr ibn al-Harith was killed at al-Safra, killed by Ali, and Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt was killed at 'Irq al-Zabya, who had thrown the entrails of a slaughtered camel on the Prophet and choked him with his cloak. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.228}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The captives",
     "markdown": "The Prophet consulted his Companions about the captives. Abu Bakr said to take ransom, and Umar said to strike their necks. The Prophet took Abu Bakr's view, and they both wept. When Umar asked him, he said: \"Their punishment was shown to me as closer than this tree.\" {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.229} A verse of Sura al-Anfal came down rebuking the taking of ransom before the enemy had been thoroughly crushed. Ransom was then taken, from four thousand dirhams to a thousand, and whoever had no ransom taught the sons of the Ansar to read and write. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.230}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Zaynab and Abu al-As",
     "markdown": "The Prophet released Abu al-As, husband of Zaynab, after he was ransomed with a necklace of hers that had been with Khadija, on condition that he let Zaynab go. She then emigrated with the help of Zayd ibn Haritha and a man of the Ansar. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.230}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The festival of fast-breaking and zakat",
     "markdown": "In the second year of the Hijra the fast of Ramadan and zakat al-fitr were ordained, the rates of zakat were set out, and it was the first festival the Muslims celebrated after this victory. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.231} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.232}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Notes for researchers",
     "markdown": "- The book says that the reports about Abu Lahab's death and burial place differ, and it prefers what it relates from Umm al-Fadl. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.226}\n- The book relates from Abu Talha that the Prophet called out to them in the well, and in another report that the Prophet told Umar that the dead do not hear. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.225}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "After the victory at Badr, the Muslims began to decide the fate of prisoners by ransom. The Prophet sent word to the people of Medina of the victory, divided the spoils among them fairly, and made fasting in the month of Ramadan obligatory."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/badr-aftermath",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 24,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/badr",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-lahab",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "تلقى خبر الهزيمة في مكة",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zayd-ibn-haritha",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "بشير إلى أهل السافلة",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-rawaha",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "بشير إلى أهل العالية",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-ibn-abi-talib",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "قتل النضر بن الحارث",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/uqba-ibn-abi-muayt",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "قُتل بأمر النبي",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-bakr",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أشار بالفداء",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/umar-ibn-al-khattab",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أشار بقتل الأسرى",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zaynab-bint-muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "فُديت بقلادة خديجة وهاجرت بعد ذلك",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-al-as-ibn-al-rabi",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أُطلق بشرط إخلاء سبيل زينب",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "period/prophetic-era",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/battle-of-badr",
  "place/mecca",
  "event/al-dawa-al-sirriyya",
  "event/badr-battle-day",
  "event/death-of-the-prophet",
  "event/hijra",
  "event/abu-sufyan-medina-mission",
  "event/badr-expedition-setup"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}