{
 "id": "event/battle-bir-uqba-943",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "battle-bir-uqba-943",
 "label": {
  "ar": "موقعة بئر عقبة (٩٤٣هـ/١٥٣٦م)",
  "en": "Battle of Bi'r 'Uqba (1536)"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "الموقعة التي هُزم فيها الملك الوطاسي أحمد أمام السعديين قرب وادي العبيد سنة ٩٤٣هـ/١٥٣٦م، بسبب تخلي قبائل الخلوط التي كانت القوة الأمامية للجيش الوطاسي ونشرها الفوضى في سائر الجيش. قرّبت الهزيمة أحمد الوطاسي من البرتغال فوقّع معها معاهدة أحد عشر عاماً {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}.",
  "en": "The 943/1536 battle near Wadi al-'Abid where the Sa'dis defeated Wattasid king Ahmad — the Khalut tribes who formed his vanguard deserted and spread chaos through his army; the defeat drove him into his eleven-year treaty with Portugal {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "maghreb"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/gunpowder-empires"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1535.9979328802096,
  "latest": 1537.0000068447357
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1536",
   "hijri": "0943",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1536",
   "hijri": "0943",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "battle",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "1536",
    "hijri": "0943",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "tradition",
    "derived": true,
    "sources": [
     "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
    ]
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الدولة العثمانية لعلي محمد الصلابي (ط1 1421) ص 221",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)",
   "model": "SWE-2 Medium",
   "run": "salabi-uthmani-batch9"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "هزيمة الملك الوطاسي [[person/ahmad-al-wattasi|أحمد]] أمام السعديين قرب وادي العبيد سنة ٩٤٣هـ/١٥٣٦م {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الموقعة",
     "markdown": "تخلى عن الجيش الوطاسي قبائلُ الخلوط التي كانت قوته الأمامية، فنشرت الفوضى في سائر الجيش {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأثر",
     "markdown": "قرّبت الهزيمة أحمد الوطاسي من البرتغال، فوقّع معها معاهدة أحد عشر عاماً تضع المغاربة المقيمين في ضواحي أصيلا وطنجة والقصر الصغير تحت قضاء ملك فاس وتحظر شراء الغنائم المأخوذة من المغاربة من المراكب العثمانية والفرنسية {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221-222}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/battle-bir-uqba-943",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-22"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "The defeat of the Wattasid king [[person/ahmad-al-wattasi|Ahmad]] before the Sa'dis near Wadi al-'Abid in 943/1536 {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The battle",
     "markdown": "The Khalut tribes who formed the Wattasid army's vanguard deserted, spreading chaos through its ranks {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Consequence",
     "markdown": "The defeat drove Ahmad al-Wattasi toward Portugal: an eleven-year treaty placing Moroccans settled around Asilah, Tangier and Qasr al-Saghir under the jurisdiction of the king of Fas, and banning purchase of booty taken from Moroccans aboard Ottoman or French ships {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221-222}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/battle-bir-uqba-943",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-22"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "943ھ/1536ء میں وادی العبید کے قریب وطاسی بادشاہ [[person/ahmad-al-wattasi|احمد]] کی سعدیوں کے سامنے شکست {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "جنگ",
     "markdown": "خلوط قبائل جو وطاسی فوج کا مقدمہ تھے اسے چھوڑ گئے اور ساری فوج میں انتشار پھیلا {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "اثر",
     "markdown": "شکست نے احمد وطاسی کو پرتگال کی طرف دھکیلا: گیارہ برس کا معاہدہ جس نے اصیلہ، طنجہ اور قصر الصغیر کے نواح کے مغاربیوں کو فاس کے بادشاہ کے قضاء میں رکھا اور عثمانی یا فرانسیسی جہازوں سے مغاربیوں کا لوٹا مال خریدنے پر پابندی لگائی {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 221-222}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/battle-bir-uqba-943",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-22"
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-22",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-al-wattasi",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ahmad-al-araj-al-sadi",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/capture-santa-cruz-saadi-948",
  "person/hasan-ibn-khayr-al-din",
  "polity/saadi-dynasty",
  "polity/wattasid-dynasty",
  "person/ahmad-al-araj-al-sadi",
  "person/ahmad-al-wattasi"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}