{
 "id": "event/death-of-abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "death-of-abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
 "label": {
  "ar": "وفاة عبد الله بن عبد المطلب بالمدينة",
  "en": "Death of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib at Medina"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "أرسل عبد المطلب ابنه عبد الله إلى المدينة يمتار تمراً، وقيل خرج تاجراً إلى الشام فنزل بها مريضاً، فمات ودُفن في دار النابغة الجعدي وله خمس وعشرون سنة، قبل مولد ابنه عند أكثر المؤرخين وبعده بشهرين في قول، وخلّف خمسة أجمال وقطعة غنم وجارية حبشية هي أم أيمن.",
  "en": "Abd al-Muttalib sent his son Abdullah to Medina to buy dates, or by another report he fell ill there returning from trade in Syria; he died aged twenty-five and was buried in the house of al-Nabigha al-Jadi, before his son's birth according to most historians or two months after it by one report, leaving five camels, a flock of sheep and an Abyssinian girl, Umm Ayman."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/pre-islamic-arabia"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "family-marriage-kinship"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 570.0013689535035,
  "latest": 571.0007050110225
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0570~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "لا يذكر الرحيق المختوم سنة بعينها؛ يضع الوفاة قبل مولد النبي عام الفيل عند أكثر المؤرخين، وبعده بشهرين في قول آخر. الرقم مشتق من عام الفيل وحده.",
   "derived": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0570~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "لا يذكر الرحيق المختوم سنة بعينها؛ يضع الوفاة قبل مولد النبي عام الفيل عند أكثر المؤرخين، وبعده بشهرين في قول آخر. الرقم مشتق من عام الفيل وحده.",
   "derived": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "death",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0570~",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "لا يذكر الرحيق المختوم سنة بعينها؛ يضع الوفاة قبل مولد النبي عام الفيل عند أكثر المؤرخين، وبعده بشهرين في قول آخر. الرقم مشتق من عام الفيل وحده.",
    "derived": true,
    "sources": [
     "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
    ]
   }
  },
  "participants": [
   {
    "target": "person/abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
    "role": "المتوفى"
   },
   {
    "target": "person/abd-al-muttalib",
    "role": "الأب الذي أرسله"
   },
   {
    "target": "person/amina-bint-wahb",
    "role": "الزوجة التي رثته"
   }
  ],
  "issue": {
   "ar": "هل مات عبد الله قبل مولد ابنه أم بعده؟",
   "en": "Did Abdullah die before or after his son's birth?"
  },
  "perspectives": [
   {
    "tradition": "sunni",
    "id": "before-birth",
    "stance": {
     "ar": "أكثر المؤرخين كما ينقل الرحيق المختوم"
    },
    "summary": {
     "ar": "كانت وفاته قبل أن يولد النبي."
    },
    "evidence": [
     {
      "ref": "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
      "note": {
       "ar": "ص53"
      }
     },
     {
      "ref": "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
      "note": {
       "ar": "1/156، 158"
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
     "source/ibn-hisham-sira"
    ]
   },
   {
    "tradition": "sunni",
    "id": "two-months-after",
    "stance": {
     "ar": "قول آخر ينقله الرحيق المختوم"
    },
    "summary": {
     "ar": "توفي بعد مولده بشهرين."
    },
    "evidence": [
     {
      "ref": "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
      "note": {
       "ar": "ص53"
      }
     },
     {
      "ref": "source/fiqh-al-sira-al-ghazali",
      "note": {
       "ar": "ص45"
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
     "source/fiqh-al-sira-al-ghazali"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الرحيق المختوم ص52–53 نقلاً عن تلقيح فهوم أهل الأثر ص8–9 ورحمة للعالمين 2/56–66 وابن هشام 1/151–158",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-fable-5-1",
   "run": "raheeq-prose-batch-5b"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
   "source/fiqh-al-sira-al-ghazali",
   "source/rahma-lil-alamin",
   "source/tabaqat-ibn-sad",
   "source/mukhtasar-sirat-al-rasul-al-najdi",
   "source/talqih-fuhum-ahl-al-athr",
   "source/sahih-muslim"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-fable-5-1); al-Raheeq al-Makhtum p. 53"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "مات [[person/abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib|عبد الله بن عبد المطلب]] بـ[[place/medina|المدينة]] وله خمس وعشرون سنة، في سفر أرسله فيه أبوه يمتار تمراً أو في عودته من تجارة إلى الشام، ودُفن في دار النابغة الجعدي {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158}. يضع أكثر المؤرخين وفاته قبل مولد ابنه، وقيل بعده بشهرين {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:fiqh-al-sira-al-ghazali p.45}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "السفر والوفاة",
     "markdown": "بنى عبد الله بـ[[person/amina-bint-wahb|آمنة بنت وهب]] في مكة، وبعد قليل أرسله [[person/abd-al-muttalib|عبد المطلب]] إلى المدينة يمتار لهم تمراً فمات بها {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158}. وفي رواية أخرى خرج تاجراً إلى الشام، فأقبل في عير قريش، فنزل بالمدينة وهو مريض فتوفي بها {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:rahma-lil-alamin 2/91}. ودُفن في دار النابغة الجعدي، وله إذ ذاك خمس وعشرون سنة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "قبل المولد أم بعده",
     "markdown": "يقول أكثر المؤرخين إن وفاته كانت قبل أن يولد النبي، وقيل بل توفي بعد مولده بشهرين {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158} {cite:fiqh-al-sira-al-ghazali p.45}. المتحف يسجّل القولين كما أوردهما المؤلف من غير ترجيح."
    },
    {
     "heading": "رثاء آمنة",
     "markdown": "لما بلغ نعيه إلى مكة رثته آمنة بمرثية يصفها المؤلف بأنها من أروع المراثي، تذكر فيها خلوّ جانب البطحاء من ابن هاشم، وإجابته دعوة المنايا، وحمل أصحابه سريره عشيةً وهم يتزاحمون عليه، وأنه كان معطاءً كثير التراحم {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:tabaqat-ibn-sad 1/62}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما خلّفه",
     "markdown": "جميع ما خلّفه عبد الله خمسة أجمال، وقطعة غنم، وجارية حبشية اسمها بركة وكنيتها [[person/umm-ayman|أم أيمن]]، وهي التي حضنت النبي {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:mukhtasar-sirat-al-rasul-al-najdi p.12} {cite:talqih-fuhum-ahl-al-athr p.4} {cite:sahih-muslim 2/96}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ملاحظات للباحثين",
     "markdown": "- لا يذكر الكتاب سنة الوفاة؛ التاريخ في بطاقة الحدث مشتق من كون المولد في عام الفيل، وهو تقريب لا أكثر.\n- دار النابغة الجعدي لم تُنشأ لها بطاقة مكان بعد؛ تُضاف حين يرد عنها نص أوفى."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "مات والد النبي شاباً في المدينة، في سفر قصير، قبل أن يولد ابنه على الأرجح، فنشأ النبي يتيماً في حجر جدّه."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/death-of-abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "[[person/abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib|Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] died in [[place/medina|Medina]] at the age of twenty-five, on a journey his father had sent him on to buy dates, or on his return from trade in Syria, and he was buried in the house of al-Nabigha al-Ja'di. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158} Most historians place his death before the birth of his son, and it is also said two months after. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:fiqh-al-sira-al-ghazali p.45}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The journey and the death",
     "markdown": "He married [[person/amina-bint-wahb|Amina bint Wahb]] in Mecca, and soon after [[person/abd-al-muttalib|Abd al-Muttalib]] sent him to Medina to buy dates for them, and he died there. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158} In another account he went out as a trader to Syria, then came back with the caravan of Quraysh, halted at Medina while he was ill, and died there. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:rahma-lil-alamin 2/91} He was buried in the house of al-Nabigha al-Ja'di, when he was twenty-five years old. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Before the birth or after",
     "markdown": "Most historians say that his death was before the Prophet was born, and it is also said that he died two months after his birth. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/156-158} {cite:fiqh-al-sira-al-ghazali p.45} The museum records both views as the author gives them, without preference."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The lament of Amina",
     "markdown": "When news of his death reached Mecca, Amina lamented him with an elegy that the author describes as one of the finest of elegies. In it she mentions the emptiness of the side of al-Batha of Ibn Hashim, his answering the call of death, his companions carrying his bier in the evening while they crowded upon it, and that he was generous and very merciful. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:tabaqat-ibn-sad 1/62}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "What he left",
     "markdown": "All that Abd Allah left was five camels, a flock of sheep, and an Abyssinian slave-girl named Barakah, whose kunya was [[person/umm-ayman|Umm Ayman]], and she was the one who nursed the Prophet. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.53} {cite:mukhtasar-sirat-al-rasul-al-najdi p.12} {cite:talqih-fuhum-ahl-al-athr p.4} {cite:sahih-muslim 2/96}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Notes for researchers",
     "markdown": "- The book does not name the year of death. The date in the event record is derived from the Year of the Elephant and the age of the child, and is an approximation only.\n- The house of al-Nabigha al-Ja'di has not yet been given a place record; one will be added when a fuller text about it is available."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "The Prophet's father died young in Medina, on a short journey, probably before his son was born, so the Prophet grew up an orphan in the care of his grandfather."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/death-of-abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "المتوفى",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/medina",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
    "source/ibn-hisham-sira"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/abd-al-muttalib",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
  "person/muhammad",
  "place/medina",
  "event/death-of-ibrahim",
  "event/death-of-umm-kulthum-bint-muhammad",
  "event/delegation-of-kinda",
  "event/lian-between-uwaymir-and-his-wife"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}