{
 "id": "event/death-of-abu-jahl",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "death-of-abu-jahl",
 "label": {
  "ar": "مقتل أبي جهل في بدر",
  "en": "The death of Abu Jahl at Badr"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "لما اضطرب صف قريش صمد أبو جهل يحرّض جيشه، ثم قتله غلامان من الأنصار، هما معاذ بن عمرو بن الجموح ومعوذ بن عفراء، فأثخناه، ثم أجهز عليه عبد الله بن مسعود فاحتز رأسه، فقال النبي: هذا فرعون هذه الأمة.",
  "en": "When Quraysh's ranks broke, Abu Jahl stood firm and urged his men on, then two young Helpers, Mu'adh ibn Amr ibn al-Jamuh and Mu'awwidh ibn Afra, struck him down; Ibn Mas'ud finished him and cut off his head, and the Prophet called him the Pharaoh of this community."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 624.206451877862,
  "latest": 624.2091897848372
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0624-03-17~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "يوم بدر، السابع عشر من رمضان سنة اثنتين من الهجرة (الرحيق ص220)."
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0624-03-17~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "يوم بدر، السابع عشر من رمضان سنة اثنتين من الهجرة (الرحيق ص220)."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "death",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0624-03-17~",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "day",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "يوم بدر، السابع عشر من رمضان سنة اثنتين من الهجرة (الرحيق ص220)."
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/sahih-al-bukhari",
   "source/sahih-muslim",
   "source/musnad-ahmad"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الرحيق المختوم ص220–233 نقلاً عن صحيح البخاري ومسلم وأحمد وأبي داود وابن هشام 1/630–660 وزاد المعاد 2/89–90 وتاريخ عمر لابن الجوزي",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "raheeq-prose-batch-14c"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5); al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 220–221"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "لما بدأت صفوف قريش تتصدع في [[event/badr-battle-day|يوم بدر]] صمد [[person/abu-jahl|أبو جهل]] يحرض جيشه، ثم قتله غلامان من الأنصار، فأجهز عليه [[person/abdullah-ibn-masud|عبد الله بن مسعود]] واحتز رأسه، وقال النبي: هذا فرعون هذه الأمة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.220} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الضربات",
     "markdown": "أما الغلامان فهما [[person/muadh-ibn-amr-ibn-al-jamuh|معاذ بن عمرو بن الجموح]] و[[person/muawwidh-ibn-afra|معوذ بن عفراء]]، ضربه معاذ فأطن قدمه بنصف ساقه، وضربه ابن عفراء حتى أثبته، وفي رواية أن النبي قضى بسلبه لمعاذ، لأن الآخر قتل شهيداً في المعركة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}. وقال معاذ إنه سمع القوم يقولون إن أبا الحكم لا يخلص إليه {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ابن مسعود",
     "markdown": "وجده [[person/abdullah-ibn-masud|ابن مسعود]] وبه آخر رمق، فوضع رجله على عنقه وسأله، فقال إن الدائرة لله ورسوله، وقال لابن مسعود إنه ارتقى مرتقى صعباً يا رويعي الغنم، وكان ابن مسعود يرعى الغنم بمكة، ثم احتز رأسه وجاء به إلى النبي {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ملاحظات للباحثين",
     "markdown": "- التفاصيل من رواية معاذ بن عمرو عند ابن إسحاق والبخاري، والكتاب يثبت الروايتين في الحاشية {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "كان أبو جهل من أشد أعداء النبي، وقُتل في بدر على يد شابين من الأنصار، ثم جاء ابن مسعود برأسه إلى النبي."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/death-of-abu-jahl",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "As the ranks of Quraysh began to break at the [[event/badr-battle-day|day of Badr]], [[person/abu-jahl|Abu Jahl]] held his ground and urged on his army. Then two young men of the Ansar killed him, and [[person/abdullah-ibn-masud|Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud]] finished him off and cut off his head. The Prophet said: \"This is the Pharaoh of this community.\" {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.220} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The blows",
     "markdown": "The two young men were [[person/muadh-ibn-amr-ibn-al-jamuh|Mu'adh ibn Amr ibn al-Jamuh]] and [[person/muawwidh-ibn-afra|Mu'awwidh ibn Afra']]. Mu'adh struck him and cut off his leg at half the shin, and Ibn Afra' struck him until he brought him down. In one report the Prophet awarded his spoils to Mu'adh, because the other was killed as a martyr in the battle. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221} Mu'adh said that he heard the people saying that Abu al-Hakam could not be reached. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Ibn Mas'ud",
     "markdown": "[[person/abdullah-ibn-masud|Ibn Mas'ud]] found him with a last breath left, put his foot on his neck and questioned him. He said that the Dominion belongs to God and His Messenger, and told Ibn Mas'ud that he had climbed a difficult height, O shepherd of the sheep. Ibn Mas'ud used to herd sheep in Mecca. Then he cut off his head and brought it to the Prophet. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Notes for researchers",
     "markdown": "- The details come from Mu'adh ibn Amr's report in Ibn Ishaq and al-Bukhari, and the book records both reports in its footnote. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.221}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Abu Jahl was among the Prophet's fiercest opponents, and was killed at Badr by two young men of the Ansar. Then Ibn Mas'ud brought his head to the Prophet."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/death-of-abu-jahl",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 12,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/badr",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-jahl",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muadh-ibn-amr-ibn-al-jamuh",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "ضربه فأطن قدمه",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-masud",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "احتز رأسه",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-badr",
   "type": "caused_by",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "period/prophetic-era",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/battle-of-badr",
  "event/badr-expedition-setup",
  "group/early-muslims",
  "event/hijra",
  "person/abu-jahl",
  "place/badr",
  "event/abu-jahl-stone-plot",
  "event/al-dawa-al-sirriyya"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}