{
 "id": "event/death-of-abu-talib",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "death-of-abu-talib",
 "label": {
  "ar": "وفاة أبي طالب",
  "en": "Death of Abu Talib"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "توفي أبو طالب، عم النبي وحاميه، في رجب من السنة العاشرة من البعثة بعد خروج بني هاشم من الشعب بستة أشهر على ترجيح الكتاب، وقيل في رمضان قبل وفاة خديجة بثلاثة أيام؛ وقد دعاه النبي عند موته إلى قول لا إله إلا الله فأبى وبقي على ملة عبد المطلب.",
  "en": "Abu Talib, the Prophet's uncle and protector, died in Rajab of the tenth year of the mission, six months after Banu Hashim left the ravine on the book's reckoning, though another view places it in Ramadan three days before Khadija's death; the Prophet asked him at the end to say there is no god but God, and he refused, remaining on the religion of Abd al-Muttalib."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 619.4945139188349,
  "latest": 619.5793890360196
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0619-07~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "رجب من السنة العاشرة من البعثة على ترجيح الكتاب، وقيل رمضان؛ الكتاب يرجّح رجب (الرحيق ص115 هامش)."
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0619-07~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "debated",
   "note": "رجب من السنة العاشرة من البعثة على ترجيح الكتاب، وقيل رمضان؛ الكتاب يرجّح رجب (الرحيق ص115 هامش)."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "death",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0619-07~",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "debated",
    "note": "رجب من السنة العاشرة من البعثة على ترجيح الكتاب، وقيل رمضان؛ الكتاب يرجّح رجب (الرحيق ص115 هامش)."
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/sahih-al-bukhari",
   "source/sahih-muslim"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الرحيق المختوم ص115–124 نقلاً عن صحيح البخاري 1/548 و1/216 ومسلم وابن هشام 1/416–419، 1/372–377 والبداية والنهاية 3/30 ورحمة للعالمين 2/164–165",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "raheeq-prose-batch-9b"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5); al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 115–116"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "توفي [[person/abu-talib|أبو طالب]] عم [[person/muhammad|النبي]] وحاميه في رجب من السنة العاشرة من البعثة، بعد خروج بني هاشم من [[place/shib-abi-talib|الشعب]] بستة أشهر على ترجيح الكتاب {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/548}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "عند الموت",
     "markdown": "دخل النبي على عمه وعنده [[person/abu-jahl|أبو جهل]] و[[person/abdullah-ibn-abi-umayya|عبد الله بن أبي أمية]]، فقال له: أي عم قل لا إله إلا الله كلمة أحاج لك بها عند الله، فلم يزالا يكلمانه حتى قال آخر ما كلمهم به: على ملة عبد المطلب {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/548}. فقال النبي: لأستغفرن لك ما لم أُنه عنك، فنزلت آية التوبة في الاستغفار للمشركين، ونزلت آية القصص في أنك لا تهدي من أحببت {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "قولان في الشهر",
     "markdown": "يذكر الكتاب قولاً آخر بأن أبا طالب توفي في رمضان قبل وفاة خديجة بثلاثة أيام، ويرجّح رجب لأن أكثر المصادر متفقة على أنه مات بعد ستة أشهر من الخروج من الشعب {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "أثر وفاته",
     "markdown": "كان أبو طالب الحصن الذي تحتمي به الدعوة من هجمات الكبراء والسفهاء {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115}. وفي الحديث الصحيح أن العباس قال للنبي إنه كان يحوطه ويغضب له، فقال: هو في ضحضاح من النار ولولا أنا لكان في الدرك الأسفل منها {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.116} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/548}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ملاحظات للباحثين",
     "markdown": "- الخلاف في شهر الوفاة مسجل كما أورده الكتاب، وترجيحه لرجب استدلال مبني على تواريخ الحصار."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "توفي عم النبي أبو طالب، الذي حماه طوال حياته، ولم يقبل أن يقول كلمة التوحيد عند موته."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/death-of-abu-talib",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "[[person/abu-talib|Abu Talib]], uncle and protector of [[person/muhammad|the Prophet]], died in Rajab of the tenth year of the mission, six months after the Banu Hashim came out of the [[place/shib-abi-talib|Shi'b]], according to the book's preferred view. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/548}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "At his death",
     "markdown": "The Prophet entered upon his uncle, and [[person/abu-jahl|Abu Jahl]] and [[person/abdullah-ibn-abi-umayya|Abd Allah ibn Abi Umayya]] were with him. He said: \"O uncle, say there is no god but God, a word by which I may argue for you before God.\" They kept speaking to him until the last thing he said to them was: \"I am upon the creed of Abd al-Muttalib.\" {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/548} The Prophet said: \"I will ask forgiveness for you as long as I am not forbidden from it.\" Then verses of Sura al-Tawba came down about asking forgiveness for the polytheists, and verses of Sura al-Qasas came down that you do not guide whom you love. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Two views of the month",
     "markdown": "The book mentions another view, that Abu Talib died in Ramadan three days before the death of Khadija. It prefers Rajab, because most sources agree that he died six months after the departure from the Shi'b. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The effect of his death",
     "markdown": "Abu Talib was the fortress which the call took refuge in against the assaults of the great and the foolish. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.115} In the authentic report, al-Abbas said to the Prophet that he used to protect him and be angry on his behalf, and he said: \"He is in a shallow fire, and had it not been for me he would be in the lowest pit of it.\" {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.116} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/548}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Notes for researchers",
     "markdown": "- The disagreement over the month of his death is recorded as the author gives it. The preference for Rajab rests on the dating of the siege."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "The Prophet's uncle Abu Talib, who protected him all his life, died without saying the word of monotheism at his death."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/death-of-abu-talib",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 14,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/mecca",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-talib",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-jahl",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "حاضر عند الموت",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-abi-umayya",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "حاضر عند الموت",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/year-of-sorrow",
   "type": "caused",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "period/prophetic-era",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/boycott-of-banu-hashim",
  "event/last-quraysh-delegation-to-abu-talib",
  "event/year-of-sorrow",
  "place/mecca",
  "event/abu-jahl-stone-plot",
  "event/al-dawa-al-sirriyya",
  "event/dawat-al-ashira",
  "event/hijra-night-escape"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}