{
 "id": "event/delegation-of-najran",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "delegation-of-najran",
 "label": {
  "en": "The delegation of Najran",
  "ar": "وفد نجران"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "Sixty riders of Christian Najran came to Medina in 9 AH led by the Aqib, the Sayyid and Bishop Abu Haritha; when they declined Islam the Prophet offered the mutual invocation of God's curse (mubahala) with Fatima, al-Hasan and al-Husayn, they asked instead for terms, and a treaty granted them God's protection in exchange for two thousand garments a year.",
  "ar": "قدم ستون راكباً من نصارى نجران المدينة سنة 9هـ يقودهم العاقب والسيد والأسقف أبو حارثة، فلما أبوا الإسلام دعاهم النبي إلى المباهلة وأقبل بفاطمة والحسن والحسين فطلبوا الصلح، فصالحهم على ألفي حلة في السنة وذمة الله ورسوله وحريتهم في دينهم."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people",
  "ideas"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "peace-making-and-coexistence",
  "islam-and-christianity",
  "non-muslim-minorities-under-muslim-rule"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 630.9991991622005,
  "latest": 631.9985352197195
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0631~",
   "hijri": "0009",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0631~",
   "hijri": "0009",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "treaty",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0631~",
    "hijri": "0009",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "tradition"
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
   "source/zad-al-maad"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 440-454 (batch 22)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "قدم ستون راكباً من نصارى [[place/najran|نجران]] المدينة سنة 9هـ، فدعاهم النبي إلى المباهلة حين أبوا الإسلام، فطلبوا الصلح فصالحهم على ألفي حلة في السنة وذمة الله ورسوله وحريتهم في دينهم {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص450-451}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "خبر الوفد",
     "markdown": "كانت نجران بلداً كبيراً على سبع مراحل من مكة إلى جهة اليمن يشتمل على ثلاث وسبعين قرية، وكان أهلها على دين المسيحية {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص450}. وكان قوام الوفد ستين رجلاً منهم أربعة وعشرون من الأشراف، يقودهم ثلاثة: العاقب عبد المسيح صاحب الإمارة، والسيد الأيهم صاحب الأمور الثقافية والسياسية، والأسقف [[person/abu-haritha-ibn-alqama|أبو حارثة بن علقمة]] صاحب الزعامة الدينية {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص450}. وسألوا النبي عما يقول في عيسى فنزلت عليه آيات المباهلة [[passage/quran-3-61|آل عمران 61]] {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص450؛ ibn-hisham-sira}. فلما أبوا عن الإسلام دعاهم إلى المباهلة وأقبل مشتملاً على الحسن والحسين وفاطمة تمشي عند ظهره {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص451؛ zad-al-maad}. فقال العاقب والسيد لبعضهما: لا تفعل فوالله لئن كان نبياً فلا عَنّا لا نفلح نحن ولا عقبنا من بعدنا، فاجتمع رأيهم على تحكيمه في أمرهم {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص451}. فقبل النبي منهم الجزية وصالحهم على ألفي حلة ألف في رجب وألف في صفر ومع كل حلة أوقية، وأعطاهم ذمة الله وذمة رسوله وترك لهم الحرية الكاملة في دينهم، وبعث عليهم أمين هذه الأمة أبا عبيدة بن الجراح ليقبض مال الصلح {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص451}. ويذكرون أن السيد والعاقب أسلما بعد رجوعهما إلى نجران {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص451}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "جاء وفد كبير من نصارى نجران يسأل النبي عن عيسى، فلما اختلفوا دعاهم إلى دعوة جادة فآثروا الصلح، فعاهدهم النبي على الجزية وكفل لهم دينهم ودورهم."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/delegation-of-najran",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Sixty riders of the Christians of [[place/najran|Najran]] came to Medina in 9 AH; when they refused Islam the Prophet called them to mutual imprecation (mubahala), so they asked for peace — and he made peace with them on two thousand garments a year, the protection of God and His Messenger, and freedom in their religion {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq pp. 450-451}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The delegation's account",
     "markdown": "Najran was a large country seven stages from Mecca toward Yemen, comprising seventy-three villages, its people on the Christian religion {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 450}. The delegation numbered sixty men, twenty-four of them nobles, led by three: al-Aqib Abd al-Masih, master of rule; al-Sayyid al-Ayham, master of cultural and political affairs; and the bishop [[person/abu-haritha-ibn-alqama|Abu Haritha ibn Alqama]], master of religious leadership {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 450}. They asked the Prophet what he said of Jesus, and the mubahala verses came down upon him: [[passage/quran-3-61|Al Imran 61]] {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 450; ibn-hisham-sira}. When they refused Islam he called them to mubahala and came forward embracing al-Hasan and al-Husayn, Fatima walking at his back {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 451; zad-al-maad}. Al-Aqib and al-Sayyid said to each other: do not do it — by God, if he is a prophet and we imprecate him, neither we nor our descendants after us will prosper — and they agreed to accept his judgment over their affair {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 451}. The Prophet accepted the jizya from them and made peace on two thousand garments, a thousand in Rajab and a thousand in Safar, an uqiyya with each garment; he gave them the protection of God and His Messenger and left them complete freedom in their religion, and sent Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah, \"the trusted man of this community\", to collect the peace payment {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 451}. They relate that al-Sayyid and al-Aqib became Muslim after returning to Najran {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 451}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "A great delegation of the Christians of Najran came to ask the Prophet about Jesus; when they disagreed, he invited them to a solemn mutual prayer, and they chose peace instead — so the Prophet covenanted with them for the jizya and guaranteed their religion and their houses of worship."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/delegation-of-najran",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 20,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/abu-haritha-ibn-alqama",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "الأسقف زعيم الدين",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/medina",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/fatima",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hasan-ibn-ali",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/husayn-ibn-ali",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ali-ibn-abi-talib",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-ubayda-ibn-al-jarrah",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/year-of-delegations",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "passage/quran-3-61",
   "type": "revealed_in",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "آية المباهلة نزلت في وفد نجران"
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/fatima",
  "place/medina",
  "group/ahl-al-bayt",
  "person/hasan-ibn-ali",
  "person/zaynab-bint-ali",
  "person/husayn-ibn-ali",
  "event/delegation-of-hamdan",
  "event/abu-sufyan-medina-mission"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}