{
 "id": "event/expedition-of-al-qarada",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "expedition-of-al-qarada",
 "label": {
  "en": "Expedition of al-Qarada",
  "ar": "سرية زيد بن حارثة إلى القردة"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "A successful raid in Jumada al-Akhirah 3 AH led by Zayd ibn Haritha with 100 riders to al-Qarada in Najd, intercepting a rich Quraysh caravan led by Safwan ibn Umayya valued at 100,000 dirhams.",
  "ar": "سرية ناجحة قادها زيد بن حارثة في مائة راكب في جمادى الآخرة 3هـ إلى ماء القردة بنجد؛ فاجأت قافلة صفوان بن أمية السالكة طريق العراق فغنم المسلمون فضة وبضائع بمائة ألف درهم وأسروا فرات بن حيان."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "battles"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 624.8334325824624,
  "latest": 624.9155697926403
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0624-11~",
   "hijri": "0003-06",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "في جمادى الآخرة سنة 3هـ (نوفمبر 624م) على ما في الرحيق ص245–246"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0624-11~",
   "hijri": "0003-06",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "في جمادى الآخرة سنة 3هـ (نوفمبر 624م) على ما في الرحيق ص245–246"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "raid",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0624-11~",
    "hijri": "0003-06",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "في جمادى الآخرة سنة 3هـ (نوفمبر 624م) على ما في الرحيق ص245–246"
   }
  },
  "sides": [
   {
    "label": {
     "en": "Muslim raiding force",
     "ar": "سرية المسلمين"
    },
    "participants": [
     "group/muhajirun"
    ],
    "commanders": [
     "person/zayd-ibn-haritha"
    ],
    "strength": {
     "value": 100,
     "status": "tradition",
     "note": "مائة راكب من المسلمين",
     "sources": [
      "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
     ]
    }
   },
   {
    "label": {
     "en": "Quraysh caravan guards",
     "ar": "حرس قافلة قريش"
    },
    "participants": [
     "group/quraysh"
    ],
    "commanders": [
     "person/safwan-ibn-umayya"
    ],
    "strength": {
     "status": "tradition",
     "note": "قافلة تجارية كبرى تحمل الفضة والأواني قدرت بمائة ألف درهم",
     "sources": [
      "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
     ]
    }
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
   "source/zad-al-maad"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Antigravity; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 245–247 citing Ibn Hisham 2/50–51"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "سرية القردة هي آخر وأنجح دورية قتال للمسلمين قبل معركة أحد؛ وقعت في شهر جمادى الآخرة سنة 3هـ (نوفمبر 624م) بقيادة [[person/zayd-ibn-haritha|زيد بن حارثة]] في مائة راكب لاعتراض قافلة تجارية كبرى لقريش متجهة إلى الشام. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.245}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مأزق تجارة قريش وطريق العراق",
     "markdown": "أغلقت معاهدات النبي مع قبائل الساحل (جهينة وبني ضمرة وبني مدلج) طريق التجارة الساحلي التقليدي في وجه قريش، فاقترح الأسود بن عبد المطلب على [[person/safwan-ibn-umayya|صفوان بن أمية]] أن يسلك طريق العراق الطويلة المارة بنجد شرقي [[place/medina|المدينة المنورة]]، واستأجروا [[person/furat-ibn-hayyan|فرات بن حيان العجلي]] دليلاً خبيراً بالطريق. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.246} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 2/50}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "استخبارات المدينة والمباغتة",
     "markdown": "تسرب نبأ القافلة وخطة سيرها إلى المدينة عن طريق [[person/salit-ibn-al-numan|سليط بن النعمان]]، فجهز النبي في الحال مائة راكب تحت قيادة زيد بن حارثة، فجد في السير حتى باغت القافلة وهي نازلة على ماء [[place/al-qarada|القردة]] بأرض نجد. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.246}\n\nفر صفوان وحرس القافلة تاركين الأموال دون قتال، واستولى المسلمون على القافلة بأسرها وأسروا دليلها فرات بن حيان، وكانت القافلة تحمل آنية وفضة قدرت قيمتها بنحو مائة ألف درهم، فخمسها النبي وقسم سائرها على رجال السرية، وأسلم فرات بن حيان بالمدينة. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.246}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/expedition-of-al-qarada",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "The detachment of al-Qarada was the last and most successful Muslim fighting patrol before the battle of Uhud; it took place in Jumada al-Akhira 3 AH (November 624 CE) under [[person/zayd-ibn-haritha|Zayd ibn Haritha]] with a hundred riders to intercept a great Quraysh trade caravan bound for al-Sham. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 245}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Quraysh's trade crisis and the Iraq route",
     "markdown": "The Prophet's treaties with the coastal tribes (Juhayna, Banu Damra and Banu Mudlij) had closed the traditional coastal trade route to Quraysh, so al-Aswad ibn Abd al-Muttalib proposed to [[person/safwan-ibn-umayya|Safwan ibn Umayya]] that they take the long Iraq route running through Najd east of [[place/medina|Medina]]; they hired [[person/furat-ibn-hayyan|Furat ibn Hayyan al-Ijli]], a guide expert in the route. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 246} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 2/50}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Medina's intelligence and the surprise",
     "markdown": "Word of the caravan and its itinerary leaked to Medina through [[person/salit-ibn-al-numan|Salit ibn al-Nu'man]], so the Prophet at once fitted out a hundred riders under Zayd ibn Haritha, who pressed the march until he surprised the caravan as it halted at the water of [[place/al-qarada|al-Qarada]] in the land of Najd. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 246}\n\nSafwan and the caravan's guard fled leaving the goods without a fight; the Muslims seized the whole caravan and captured its guide Furat ibn Hayyan. It carried vessels and silver valued near a hundred thousand dirhams; the Prophet took the fifth and divided the rest among the detachment's men, and Furat ibn Hayyan became Muslim in Medina. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 246}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/expedition-of-al-qarada",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 16,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/al-qarada",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/zayd-ibn-haritha",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "قائد السرية",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/safwan-ibn-umayya",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "قائد قافلة قريش الهارب عند مباغتة المسلمين",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
    "source/ibn-hisham-sira"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/furat-ibn-hayyan",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "دليل القافلة الأسير الذي أسلم بالمدينة",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/salit-ibn-al-numan",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "ناقل خبر خطة سير القافلة إلى النبي",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/muhajirun",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/quraysh",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "period/prophetic-era",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/battle-of-badr",
  "event/expedition-of-al-sawiq",
  "event/expedition-of-buwat",
  "event/expedition-of-nakhla",
  "event/expedition-of-rabigh",
  "event/expedition-of-safwan",
  "event/expedition-of-sif-al-bahr",
  "event/incident-of-al-raji"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}