{
 "id": "event/expedition-of-sif-al-bahr",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "expedition-of-sif-al-bahr",
 "label": {
  "en": "Expedition of Sayf al-Bahr",
  "ar": "سرية سيف البحر"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "The first expedition dispatched by the Prophet, led by Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib with 30 Muhajirun in Ramadan 1 AH to intercept a Quraysh caravan; mediated by Majdi ibn Amr without clash.",
  "ar": "أول بعث أرسله النبي بقيادة عمه حمزة بن عبد المطلب في ثلاثين رجلاً من المهاجرين في رمضان 1هـ لاعتراض عير قريش؛ توسط مجدي بن عمرو الجهني بين الطرفين ولم يقع قتال."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "battles"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 623.1605714011923,
  "latest": 623.2454465183773
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0623-03~",
   "hijri": "0001-09",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "في شهر رمضان سنة 1هـ (مارس 623م) على ما في الرحيق ص197"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0623-03~",
   "hijri": "0001-09",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "في شهر رمضان سنة 1هـ (مارس 623م) على ما في الرحيق ص197"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "raid",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0623-03~",
    "hijri": "0001-09",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "في شهر رمضان سنة 1هـ (مارس 623م) على ما في الرحيق ص197"
   }
  },
  "sides": [
   {
    "label": {
     "en": "Muslim expedition",
     "ar": "سرية المسلمين"
    },
    "participants": [
     "group/muhajirun"
    ],
    "commanders": [
     "person/hamza"
    ],
    "strength": {
     "value": 30,
     "status": "tradition",
     "note": "ثلاثون رجلاً من المهاجرين",
     "sources": [
      "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
     ]
    }
   },
   {
    "label": {
     "en": "Quraysh caravan",
     "ar": "قافلة قريش"
    },
    "participants": [
     "group/quraysh"
    ],
    "commanders": [
     "person/abu-jahl"
    ],
    "strength": {
     "value": 300,
     "status": "tradition",
     "note": "ثلاثمائة راكب من أهل مكة",
     "sources": [
      "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
     ]
    }
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/zad-al-maad",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Antigravity; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum p. 197"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "أول بعث عسكري عقده النبي في [[place/medina|المدينة المنورة]] كان في شهر رمضان سنة 1هـ (مارس 623م)، حيث أمّر عمه [[person/hamza|حمزة بن عبد المطلب]] على ثلاثين رجلاً من [[group/muhajirun|المهاجرين]] لاعتراض عير لقريش قادمة من الشام. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.197}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المسير واللقاء",
     "markdown": "عقد النبي لحمزة أول لواء أبيض في الإسلام، وحمله [[person/kannaz-ibn-husayn|كناز بن حصين الغنوي]]، فساروا حتى بلغوا سيف البحر من ناحية [[place/al-is|العيص]]، فلقوا قافلة مكة وفيها ثلاثمائة راكب بقيادة [[person/abu-jahl|أبي جهل عمرو بن هشام]]. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.197} {cite:zad-al-maad 2/83}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الوساطة والنتيجة",
     "markdown": "اصطف الفريقان للقتال، فمشى بينهم [[person/majdi-ibn-amr-al-juhani|مجدي بن عمرو الجهني]] — وكان حليفاً وموادعاً للفريقين معاً — فما زال يتردد بينهم حتى حجز ووفق وانصرف الفريقان دون قتال. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.197} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/595}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/expedition-of-sif-al-bahr",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "The first military detachment the Prophet commissioned in [[place/medina|Medina]] was in Ramadan 1 AH (March 623 CE): he set his uncle [[person/hamza|Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] over thirty men of the [[group/muhajirun|Muhajirun]] to intercept a Quraysh caravan coming from al-Sham. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 197}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The march and the encounter",
     "markdown": "The Prophet bound for Hamza the first white banner in Islam, carried by [[person/kannaz-ibn-husayn|Kannaz ibn Husayn al-Ghanawi]]; they marched until they reached the seashore on the side of [[place/al-is|al-Is]], where they met Mecca's caravan — three hundred riders under [[person/abu-jahl|Abu Jahl Amr ibn Hisham]]. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 197} {cite:zad-al-maad 2/83}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The mediation and the outcome",
     "markdown": "The two sides drew up for battle, but [[person/majdi-ibn-amr-al-juhani|Majdi ibn Amr al-Juhani]] — an ally at peace with both parties — went between them, moving back and forth until he held them apart, made peace, and both sides departed without fighting. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 197} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/595}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/expedition-of-sif-al-bahr",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 16,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/al-is",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hamza",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أمير السرية",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/kannaz-ibn-husayn",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "حامل اللواء الأبيض",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-jahl",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "قائد قافلة قريش",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/majdi-ibn-amr-al-juhani",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "المصلح والمتوسط بين الفريقين",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/muhajirun",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/quraysh",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "period/prophetic-era",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/battle-of-badr",
  "place/mecca",
  "event/battle-of-uhud",
  "event/expedition-of-al-abwa-waddan",
  "event/expedition-of-al-qarada",
  "event/expedition-of-al-sawiq",
  "event/expedition-of-buwat",
  "event/expedition-of-dhu-al-ushayra"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}