{
 "id": "event/farewell-sermon-at-arafat",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "farewell-sermon-at-arafat",
 "label": {
  "en": "The Farewell Sermon at Arafat",
  "ar": "خطبة عرفة الجامعة"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "On the Day of Arafa, 9 Dhu al-Hijja 10 AH, the Prophet stood at the foot of the valley before more than a hundred thousand pilgrims and delivered the comprehensive sermon: sanctity of blood and property, abolition of pagan blood-feuds and usury beginning with his own house, counsel on women, the pledge of the Book of God, and the testimony 'have I conveyed?'",
  "ar": "وقف النبي يوم عرفة 9 ذي الحجة سنة 10هـ بطن الوادي في أكثر من مائة ألف وخطب الخطبة الجامعة: تحريم الدماء والأموال، ووضع دماء الجاهلية ورباها بدءاً بأهل بيته، والوصية بالنساء، والعهد بكتاب الله، ثم أخذ شهادة الناس على التبليغ."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people",
  "words"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "pilgrimages-and-mass-gatherings",
  "conferences-and-declarations"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 632.1628096401705,
  "latest": 632.2476847573555
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0632-03",
   "hijri": "0010-12-09",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition"
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0632-03",
   "hijri": "0010-12-09",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition"
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "gathering",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0632-03",
    "hijri": "0010-12-09",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "tradition"
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/sahih-muslim",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
   "source/zad-al-maad"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 458-472 (batch 23)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "خطب النبي يوم عرفة 9 ذي الحجة سنة 10هـ في أكثر من مائة ألف [[work/farewell-sermon|خطبة الوداع]] الجامعة فحرّم الدماء والأموال ووضع دماء الجاهلية ورباها وأخذ شهادة الناس على البلاغ {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص459-460}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "خبر الوقعة",
     "markdown": "اجتمع حول النبي بطن الوادي بعرفة مائة ألف وأربعة وعشرون أو أربعة وأربعون ألفاً فقام فيهم خطيباً {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص459}. افتتح قائلاً: أيها الناس اسمعوا قولي فإني لا أدري لعلي لا ألقاكم بعد عامي هذا بهذا الموقف أبداً {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص459؛ ibn-hisham-sira}. وأعلن أن دماءهم وأموالهم حرام كحرمة يومهم وشهرهم وبلدهم، وأن أول دم يُوضع من دماء الجاهلية دم ابن ربيعة بن الحارث، وأول ربا يُوضع ربا [[person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib|العباس بن عبد المطلب]] {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص459؛ sahih-muslim}. وأوصى بالنساء خيراً، وأخبر أنه ترك فيهم ما لن يضلوا بعده إن اعتصموا به: كتاب الله، وأنه لا نبي بعده ولا أمة بعدهم {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص460؛ sahih-muslim}. ثم سألهم ماذا يقولون فيه فشهدوا أنه بلّغ وأدّى ونصح، فرفع سبابته إلى السماء وقال: اللهم اشهد، ثلاثاً {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص460}. وكان الذي يصرخ في الناس بقول النبي وهو بعرفة [[person/rabia-ibn-umayya-ibn-khalaf|ربيعة بن أمية بن خلف]] {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص460؛ ibn-hisham-sira}. وبعد فراغ الخطبة نزلت الآية [[passage/quran-5-3|المائدة 3]] «اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم» فبكى عمر وقال: إنه ليس بعد الكمال إلا النقصان {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq ص460؛ sahih-al-bukhari}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "في جبل عرفات خطب النبي بأكبر جمع رآه المسلمون حوله، فعلّمهم في خطبة واحدة أن دماء الناس وأموالهم محترمة، وأوصاهم بالنساء وبكتاب الله، فشهدوا جميعاً أنه بلّغ الرسالة."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/farewell-sermon-at-arafat",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "On the day of Arafa, 9 Dhu al-Hijja 10 AH, the Prophet addressed more than a hundred thousand in the comprehensive [[work/farewell-sermon|Farewell Sermon]], declaring blood and property inviolable, abolishing the blood-feuds and usury of the Jahiliyya, and taking the people's witness that he had delivered the message {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq pp. 459-460}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The account",
     "markdown": "A hundred and twenty-four — or a hundred and forty-four — thousand gathered around the Prophet in the belly of the valley at Arafa, and he stood among them preaching {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 459}. He opened: \"people, hear what I say, for I do not know — perhaps I will not meet you after this year of mine in this standing-place, ever\" {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 459; ibn-hisham-sira}. He declared their blood and property inviolable like the sanctity of that day, month and land; that the first blood put down of the Jahiliyya's was the blood of Ibn Rabi'a ibn al-Harith, and the first usury put down the usury of [[person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib|al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 459; sahih-muslim}. He charged them to treat women well, told them he had left among them that which, if they held fast to it, they would never go astray — the Book of God — and that there would be no prophet after him and no community after them {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 460; sahih-muslim}. Then he asked what they would say of him, and they bore witness that he had conveyed, fulfilled and counselled; he raised his forefinger to the sky and said: \"O God, bear witness\" — three times {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 460}. The one who cried the Prophet's words out to the people at Arafa was [[person/rabia-ibn-umayya-ibn-khalaf|Rabi'a ibn Umayya ibn Khalaf]] {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 460; ibn-hisham-sira}. After the sermon the verse [[passage/quran-5-3|al-Ma'ida 3]] — \"this day I have perfected your religion for you\" — came down, and Umar wept and said: after perfection there is only decline {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 460; sahih-al-bukhari}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "On Mount Arafat the Prophet addressed the largest gathering of Muslims ever around him, teaching them in one sermon that people's blood and property are sacred, charging them with women and with God's Book — and they all bore witness that he had delivered the message."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/farewell-sermon-at-arafat",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 20,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/rabia-ibn-umayya-ibn-khalaf",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "المبلّغ صوت النبي إلى الناس",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/arafat",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/bilal-ibn-rabah",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/umar-ibn-al-khattab",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "person/usama-ibn-zayd",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/farewell-pilgrimage",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "work/farewell-sermon",
   "type": "mentions",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "work/farewell-sermon",
   "type": "mentioned_in",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "passage/quran-5-3",
   "type": "revealed_in",
   "inverse": true,
   "note": "نزلت بعد فراغ الخطبة بعرفة"
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/muhammad",
  "place/mecca",
  "event/sermon-at-mina-yawm-al-nahr",
  "event/battle-of-badr",
  "event/conquest-of-mecca",
  "event/hijra",
  "person/hafsa",
  "event/abu-sufyan-conversion"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}