{
 "id": "event/hijra-journey-to-medina",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "hijra-journey-to-medina",
 "label": {
  "ar": "رحلة الهجرة من غار ثور إلى المدينة ودخولها",
  "en": "The journey from the cave of Thawr to Medina and the entry into the city"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "خرج النبي وأبو بكر من الغار مع الدليل عبد الله بن أريقط وعامر بن فهيرة على طريق الساحل، ومرّا بخيمة أم معبد، ولحقهما سراقة بن مالك فساخت فرسه في الأرض فطلب الأمان، ثم نزلا بقباء يوم الإثنين الثامن من ربيع الأول، ومكث بها أربعة أيام، ثم دخل المدينة يوم الجمعة.",
  "en": "The Prophet and Abu Bakr left the cave with the guide Abdullah ibn Uraykit and Amir ibn Fuhayra by the coast road; they passed the tent of Umm Ma'bad, Suraqa ibn Malik pursued them and his horse sank into the ground so that he asked for safe-conduct; they reached Quba on Monday 8 Rabi' I and stayed four days, then entered Medina on Friday."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 622.7252441870812,
  "latest": 622.7279820940564
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0622-09-23",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "يوم الإثنين 8 ربيع الأول سنة أولى الهجرة، الموافق 23 سبتمبر 622م؛ وبعد أربعة أيام قباء دخل المدينة يوم الجمعة (الرحيق ص170، 172)."
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0622-09-23",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "يوم الإثنين 8 ربيع الأول سنة أولى الهجرة، الموافق 23 سبتمبر 622م؛ وبعد أربعة أيام قباء دخل المدينة يوم الجمعة (الرحيق ص170، 172)."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "migration",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0622-09-23",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "day",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "يوم الإثنين 8 ربيع الأول سنة أولى الهجرة، الموافق 23 سبتمبر 622م؛ وبعد أربعة أيام قباء دخل المدينة يوم الجمعة (الرحيق ص170، 172)."
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
   "source/zad-al-maad",
   "source/sahih-al-bukhari"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الرحيق المختوم ص167–174 نقلاً عن ابن هشام 1/491–494 وزاد المعاد 2/53–55 وصحيح البخاري 1/510–589 ورحمة للعالمين 1/95–106",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "raheeq-prose-batch-12b"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5); al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 167–174"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "خرج [[person/muhammad|النبي]] و[[person/abu-bakr|أبو بكر]] من [[place/ghar-thawr|غار ثور]] مع الدليل عبد الله بن أريقط وعامر بن فهيرة، وسلكا طريق الساحل لا الطريق المعروف، حتى بلغا قباء يوم الإثنين الثامن من ربيع الأول سنة أولى الهجرة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.167} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.170}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في الطريق",
     "markdown": "مرّا بأم معبد الخزاعية فأطعمتهما وحلبت لهما شاتها ([[person/umm-maabad|أم معبد]]) {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.169}. ولحق بهما [[person/suraqa-ibn-malik|سراقة بن مالك]] طمعاً في الجائزة، فساخت يدا فرسه في الأرض حتى بلغتا الركبتين، فطلب الأمان، فكتب له النبي كتاب أمن في رقعة من أدم {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.168} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.169}. ولقي النبي أبا بريدة في الطريق، فأسلم مع سبعين رجلاً من قومه، ثم اتخذ عمامته راية {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.170}. ولقي الزبير ركباً من تجار المسلمين قافلين من الشام، فكساه وأبا بكر ثياباً بيضاء {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.170} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/555}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "قباء",
     "markdown": "نزل النبي بقباء على [[person/kulthum-ibn-al-hidm|كلثوم بن الهدم]]، وأقام بها أربعة أيام، وأسس مسجد قباء وصلى فيه {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.171} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172}. وسمع اليهودي على الأطم صوته: يا معشر العرب هذا جدكم الذي تنتظرون، فثار المسلمون إلى السلاح {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.171}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "دخول المدينة",
     "markdown": "في يوم الجمعة ركب النبي وأبو بكر ردفه، وأرسل إلى بني النجار أخواله، فأدركته الجمعة في بني سالم بن عوف فجمع بهم، ثم دخل المدينة، فكانت الأزقة ترتج بالتكبير والتقديس، والأنصار يتمنون أن ينزل عليهم، فكانت الناقة تمشي حتى بركت في موضع المسجد النبوي، ثم أنزله [[person/abu-ayyub-al-ansari|أبو أيوب الأنصاري]] في داره {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.173} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/556}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأهل والحمى",
     "markdown": "بعد أيام وصلت إليه [[person/sawda-bint-zama|سودة]] وابنتاه [[person/fatima|فاطمة]] و[[person/umm-kulthum-bint-muhammad|أم كلثوم]] و[[person/usama-ibn-zayd|أسامة بن زيد]] و[[person/umm-ayman|أم أيمن]]، وخرج معهم عبد الله بن أبي بكر بعيال أبي بكر، وبقيت [[person/zaynab-bint-muhammad|زينب]] عند زوجها أبي العاص حتى هاجرت بعد بدر {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.173}. وأصابت الحمى أبا بكر وبلالاً، فكان أبو بكر إذا أخذته الحمى يقول بيتاً في أن الموت أدنى من شراك نعله، وكان بلال إذا أقلع عنه الحمى يشتاق إلى مكة ومياهها {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.173} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/589}. فدعا النبي أن يحبب الله إليهم المدينة كحبهم مكة أو أشد، وأن يصحح ما بها من الحمى {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.174}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ملاحظات للباحثين",
     "markdown": "- في ترتيب الأيام بقباء خلاف بين الروايات، فيذكر الكتاب أن ابن إسحاق يرى أربعة أيام، واختارها المنصوري، وفي البخاري أرقام أخرى {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172}.\n- يقرر الكتاب أن الأبيات التي أنشدتها الأنصار عند دخول المدينة كانت عند مقدمه المدينة، وأن بعض الناس يظنها عند عودته من تبوك {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "خرج النبي من مكة مع أبي بكر، واختبآ في الغار ثلاثة أيام، ثم سافرا على طريق بعيد. نزلا قباء ثم دخلا المدينة، فاستقبله أهلها بالفرح والتكبير، وصار اسمها المدينة المنورة."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/hijra-journey-to-medina",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The [[person/muhammad|Prophet]] and [[person/abu-bakr|Abu Bakr]] left the [[place/ghar-thawr|Cave of Thawr]] with the guide Abd Allah ibn Uraiqit and Amir ibn Fuhayra, and took the coastal road rather than the familiar road, until they reached Quba on Monday, 8 Rabi al-Awwal, the first year of the Hijra. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.167} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.170}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "On the road",
     "markdown": "They passed by [[person/umm-maabad|Umm Ma'bad]] al-Khuza'iyya, who fed them and milked her goat for them. [[person/suraqa-ibn-malik|Suraqa ibn Malik]] followed them in hope of the reward, and the two forelegs of his horse sank into the ground up to the knees; he asked for safe conduct, and the Prophet wrote him a document of safety on a piece of leather. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.168} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.169} The Prophet met Abu Burayda on the road, who became a Muslim with seventy men of his people, and then the Prophet made his turban a banner. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.170} Al-Zubayr met a caravan of Muslim merchants returning from Syria, and clothed him and Abu Bakr in white garments. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.170} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/555}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Quba",
     "markdown": "The Prophet stayed at Quba with [[person/kulthum-ibn-al-hidm|Kulthum ibn al-Hidm]] for four days, and founded the mosque of Quba and prayed in it. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.171} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172} A Jew on the fortress heard his voice and called out: \"O Arabs, this is your grandfather for whom you were waiting!\" and the Muslims rushed to their weapons. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.171}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Entering Medina",
     "markdown": "On a Friday the Prophet rode, with Abu Bakr behind him, and sent to the Banu al-Najjar, his maternal uncles. The Friday prayer overtook him among the Banu Salim ibn Awf, and he led them in prayer, then entered Medina. The lanes rang with the takbir and the glorification, and the Helpers longed for him to lodge with them; the she-camel walked until she knelt at the site of the Prophet's Mosque, and then [[person/abu-ayyub-al-ansari|Abu Ayyub al-Ansari]] lodged him in his house. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.173} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/556}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Family and fever",
     "markdown": "After some days [[person/sawda-bint-zama|Sawda]], his daughters [[person/fatima|Fatima]] and [[person/umm-kulthum-bint-muhammad|Umm Kulthum]], [[person/usama-ibn-zayd|Usama ibn Zayd]] and [[person/umm-ayman|Umm Ayman]] reached him, and Abd Allah ibn Abi Bakr went out with the family of Abu Bakr. [[person/zaynab-bint-muhammad|Zaynab]] stayed with her husband Abu al-As until she emigrated after Badr. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.173} Fever struck Abu Bakr and Bilal. When fever seized Abu Bakr he recited a verse that death was nearer to him than the strap of his sandal; when the fever left Bilal, he longed for Mecca and its waters. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.173} {cite:sahih-al-bukhari 1/589} The Prophet prayed that God make Medina dear to them as Mecca was, or dearer, and that He cure its fever. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.174}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Notes for researchers",
     "markdown": "- The count of days at Quba differs between reports; the book says Ibn Ishaq holds four days, which al-Mansuri chose, and al-Bukhari has other figures. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172}\n- The book holds that the verses the Helpers recited on his entry to Medina were said on his first arrival, and that some people think they were said on his return from Tabuk. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.172}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "The Prophet left Mecca with Abu Bakr, and they hid in the cave for three days, then travelled a long way by a roundabout road. They stopped at Quba and then entered Medina, where its people welcomed him with joy and the takbir, and the city came to be called Medina al-Munawwara."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/hijra-journey-to-medina",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 20,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/umm-maabad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أطعمت النبي وحلبت له الشاة",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/quba",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/medina",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-bakr",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/suraqa-ibn-malik",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "لحق بهما ثم أمّنهما",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/kulthum-ibn-al-hidm",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "نزل النبي عليه بقباء",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-ayyub-al-ansari",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أنزل النبي في داره",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/hijra",
   "type": "caused",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "period/prophetic-era",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/hijra",
  "event/prophets-mosque-built",
  "event/quba-sojourn",
  "place/medina",
  "event/battle-of-badr",
  "event/brotherhood-of-muhajirun-and-ansar",
  "event/burial-of-the-prophet",
  "event/change-of-qibla"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}