{
 "id": "event/mission-of-khalid-to-banu-al-harith",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "mission-of-khalid-to-banu-al-harith",
 "label": {
  "ar": "بعث خالد بن الوليد إلى بني الحارث بن كعب وإسلامهم وقدوم وفدهم",
  "en": "Khalid ibn al-Walid's mission to Banu al-Harith ibn Ka'b, their conversion and their delegation"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "بعث النبي خالد بن الوليد في ربيع الآخر أو جمادى الأولى سنة 10هـ إلى بني الحارث بن كعب بنجران وأمره أن يدعوهم ثلاثاً قبل القتال، فأسلموا ولم يقاتلوا، وأقام فيهم يعلمهم، وكتب إلى النبي بذلك فأمره النبي أن يقبل ويقبل معه وفدهم؛ فقدم بستة من رؤسائهم، فقال النبي حين رآهم: من هؤلاء القوم الذين كأنهم رجال الهند؟ وسألهم أربع مرات: أنتم الذين إذا زُجروا استقدموا، حتى أجاب يزيد بن عبد المدان، وقال لهم: لو لم يكتب خالد أنكم أسلمتم ولم تقاتلوا لألقيت رؤوسكم تحت أقدامكم؛ وأمّر عليهم قيس بن الحصين، ورجعوا في آخر شوال أو أول ذي القعدة، قبل وفاة النبي بأربعة أشهر.",
  "en": "In Rabi' al-Akhir or Jumada al-Ula 10 AH the Prophet sent Khalid ibn al-Walid to Banu al-Harith ibn Ka'b at Najran with orders to invite them to Islam for three days before fighting; they converted without fighting, Khalid stayed to teach them and wrote to the Prophet, who told him to come with their delegation. He brought six of their chiefs; the Prophet asked who these men were who looked like men of India, asked four times whether they were the ones who advance when rebuked until Yazid ibn Abd al-Madan answered, told them that but for Khalid's letter he would have thrown their heads beneath their feet, and appointed Qays ibn al-Husayn over them. They returned at the end of Shawwal or the start of Dhu al-Qa'da, four months before the Prophet's death."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "converts-and-leavers",
  "dawa-and-christian-mission"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 631.4947603304654,
  "latest": 632.1628096401389
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0631-07/0631-08",
   "hijri": "0010-04~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "«في شهر ربيع الآخر أو جمادى الأولى سنة عشر» (ص239)؛ رجوع الوفد «في بقية من شوال أو في صدر ذي القعدة» (ص241). التحويل الميلادي مشتق.",
   "derived": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0632-01/0632-02",
   "hijri": "0010-10~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "رجوع الوفد إلى قومهم (ص241).",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "other",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0631-07/0631-08",
    "hijri": "0010-04~",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "«في شهر ربيع الآخر أو جمادى الأولى سنة عشر» (ص239)؛ رجوع الوفد «في بقية من شوال أو في صدر ذي القعدة» (ص241). التحويل الميلادي مشتق.",
    "derived": true,
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
    ]
   },
   "end": {
    "edtf": "0632-01/0632-02",
    "hijri": "0010-10~",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "tradition",
    "derived": true,
    "note": "رجوع الوفد إلى قومهم (ص241).",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
    ]
   }
  },
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "sira-ibn-hisham saqqa 1936, juz' 4 pp. 239-241",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-fable-5-1",
   "run": "ibn-hisham-batch-9c"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Fable 5.1; mined from Ibn Hisham juz' 4 pp. 239-241; single-source date flagged"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "بعث النبي [[person/khalid-ibn-al-walid|خالد بن الوليد]] إلى [[group/banu-al-harith-ibn-kab|بني الحارث بن كعب]] [[place/najran|بنجران]] سنة 10هـ، فأسلموا من غير قتال، ثم قدم بوفدهم على النبي. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "البعث والدعوة",
     "markdown": "بعثه النبي في شهر ربيع الآخر أو جمادى الأولى سنة عشر، وأمره أن يدعوهم إلى الإسلام قبل أن يقاتلهم ثلاثاً، فإن استجابوا قبل منهم وإلا قاتلهم. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} فخرج خالد حتى قدم عليهم، فبعث الركبان يضربون في كل وجه ويدعون إلى الإسلام ويقولون: أيها الناس، أسلموا تسلموا؛ فأسلم الناس ودخلوا فيما دُعوا إليه، وأقام فيهم خالد يعلمهم الإسلام وكتاب الله وسنة نبيه، وبذلك كان أمره النبي إن هم أسلموا ولم يقاتلوا. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "كتاب خالد وجواب النبي",
     "markdown": "كتب خالد إلى النبي كتاباً يحمد فيه الله ويخبره أنه بعثه إلى بني الحارث وأمره ألا يقاتلهم ثلاثة أيام وأن يدعوهم، وأنه دعاهم ثلاثة أيام كما أُمر وبعث فيهم ركباناً فأسلموا ولم يقاتلوا، وأنه مقيم بين أظهرهم يأمرهم بما أمرهم الله به وينهاهم عما نهاهم عنه ويعلمهم معالم الإسلام حتى يكتب إليه النبي. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} فكتب إليه النبي أن كتابه جاءه مع رسوله يخبر أن بني الحارث قد أسلموا قبل أن يقاتلهم وشهدوا الشهادتين، فليبشّرهم ولينذرهم، وليُقبل ويُقبل معه وفدهم. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} ويثبت المحققون أن عبارة «أقمت فيهم» ساقطة في إحدى النسخ. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "قدوم الوفد",
     "markdown": "أقبل خالد ومعه وفد بني الحارث بن كعب: [[person/qays-ibn-al-husayn-dhu-al-ghussa|قيس بن الحصين ذو الغصة]]، و[[person/yazid-ibn-abd-al-madan|يزيد بن عبد المدان]]، و[[person/yazid-ibn-al-muhajjal|يزيد بن المحجل]]، و[[person/abdullah-ibn-qurad-al-ziyadi|عبد الله بن قراد الزيادي]]، و[[person/shaddad-ibn-abdullah-al-qanani|شداد بن عبد الله القناني]]، و[[person/amr-ibn-abdullah-al-dibabi|عمرو بن عبد الله الضبابي]]. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} فلما قدموا ورآهم النبي قال: من هؤلاء القوم الذين كأنهم رجال الهند؟ قيل: رجال بني الحارث بن كعب. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} فلما وقفوا عليه سلّموا وشهدوا أنه رسول الله، فقال: وأنا أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأني رسول الله. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} ثم قال: أنتم الذين إذا زُجروا استقدموا؟ فسكتوا، وأعادها أربع مرات لا يراجعه أحد، حتى قال يزيد بن عبد المدان في الرابعة: نعم يا رسول الله، نحن الذين إذا زُجروا استقدموا. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} فقال النبي: لو أن خالداً لم يكتب إلي أنكم أسلمتم ولم تقاتلوا لألقيت رؤوسكم تحت أقدامكم؛ فقال يزيد: أما والله ما حمدناك ولا حمدنا خالداً؛ قال: فمن حمدتم؟ قالوا: حمدنا الله الذي هدانا بك؛ قال: صدقتم. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} ثم سألهم: بم كنتم تغلبون من قاتلكم في الجاهلية؟ قالوا: لم نكن نغلب أحداً؛ قال: بلى، قد كنتم تغلبون؛ قالوا: كنا نغلب من قاتلنا لأنا كنا نجتمع ولا نفترق ولا نبدأ أحداً بظلم؛ قال: صدقتم. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} وأمّر النبي على بني الحارث بن كعب قيس بن الحصين. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "الرجوع",
     "markdown": "رجع الوفد إلى قومهم في بقية من شوال أو في صدر ذي القعدة، فلم يمكثوا بعد رجوعهم إلا أربعة أشهر حتى توفي النبي. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} وبعث إليهم النبي بعد أن ولّى وفدهم [[person/amr-ibn-hazm|عمرو بن حزم]]؛ انظر [[event/mission-of-amr-ibn-hazm-to-najran|بعث عمرو بن حزم]]. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "من شرح المحققين",
     "markdown": "نجران بلد بين اليمن وهجر؛ وسُمّي قيس ذا الغصة لأنه كان إذا تكلم أصابه كالغصص؛ و«ضباب» بكسر الضاد في بني الحارث بن كعب وفي قريش وفي بني عامر بن صعصعة، وبالفتح في نسب النابغة الذبياني، وبالضم في بني بكر، نقلاً عن السهيلي. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "علامات الرواية",
     "markdown": "- الشهر مردد: «ربيع الآخر أو جمادى الأولى»، والرجوع «في بقية من شوال أو في صدر ذي القعدة». {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241}\n- نصا الكتابين منقولان عند ابن إسحاق كاملين، ويُحفظ هنا بيانهما. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/mission-of-khalid-to-banu-al-harith",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "In 10 AH the Prophet sent [[person/khalid-ibn-al-walid|Khalid ibn al-Walid]] to the [[group/banu-al-harith-ibn-kab|Banu al-Harith ibn Ka'b]] in [[place/najran|Najran]], and they accepted Islam without fighting. Khalid then brought their delegation to the Prophet. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The mission and the call",
     "markdown": "The Prophet sent him in Rabi al-Akhir or Jumada al-Ula of the year ten, and ordered him to call them to Islam for three days before fighting them; if they responded he was to accept it, and otherwise fight them. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} Khalid came to them and sent riders in every direction calling to Islam, saying: O people, accept Islam and you will be safe. The people accepted Islam and entered what they were called to. Khalid stayed among them, teaching them Islam and the Book of God and the Sunna of His Prophet, as the Prophet had ordered him if they accepted without fighting. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Khalid's letter and the Prophet's answer",
     "markdown": "Khalid wrote to the Prophet praising God and informing him that he had sent him to the Banu al-Harith and ordered him not to fight them for three days, and to call them; that he had called them for three days as he was ordered, and sent riders among them, and they accepted Islam without fighting; and that he remained among them to order them what God had ordered and forbid what He had forbidden, and to teach them the features of Islam until the Prophet wrote to him. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} The Prophet wrote back that his letter had come with his messenger, reporting that the Banu al-Harith had accepted Islam before he fought them and had testified to the two testimonies. He was to give them good news and warnings, and come with their delegation. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} The editors note that the phrase \"I stayed among them\" is missing in one copy. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Arrival of the delegation",
     "markdown": "Khalid came with the delegation of the Banu al-Harith ibn Ka'b: [[person/qays-ibn-al-husayn-dhu-al-ghussa|Qays ibn al-Husayn Dhu al-Ghussa]], [[person/yazid-ibn-abd-al-madan|Yazid ibn Abd al-Madan]], [[person/yazid-ibn-al-muhajjal|Yazid ibn al-Muhajjal]], [[person/abdullah-ibn-qurad-al-ziyadi|Abd Allah ibn Qurad al-Ziyadi]], [[person/shaddad-ibn-abdullah-al-qanani|Shaddad ibn Abd Allah al-Qanani]] and [[person/amr-ibn-abdullah-al-dibabi|Amr ibn Abd Allah al-Dibabi]]. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} When they came and the Prophet saw them, he said: who are these people who look like the men of India? He was told that they were the men of the Banu al-Harith ibn Ka'b. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} When they stood before him they greeted him and testified that he was the Messenger of God. He said: and I testify that there is no god but God and that I am His Messenger. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} Then he said: are you the people who, when they are driven back, advance? They were silent, and he repeated it four times, and no one answered him, until Yazid ibn Abd al-Madan said in the fourth: yes, Messenger of God, we are the people who, when driven back, advance. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} The Prophet said: had Khalid not written to me that you had accepted Islam without fighting, I would have put your heads beneath my feet. Yazid said: by God, we did not praise you, nor did we praise Khalid. He said: whom then did you praise? They said: we praised God, who guided us through you. He said: you have spoken the truth. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} He then asked them: by what did you prevail over those who fought you in the Jahiliyya? They said: we did not prevail over anyone. He said: no, you did prevail. They said: we prevailed over those who fought us because we gathered together and did not scatter, and we never began any people with wrong. He said: you have spoken the truth. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} The Prophet appointed Qays ibn al-Husayn over the Banu al-Harith ibn Ka'b. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Return",
     "markdown": "The delegation returned to their people in the remainder of Shawwal or the beginning of Dhu al-Qa'da. They did not stay more than four months after their return before the Prophet died. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241} After their delegation had been appointed, the Prophet sent [[person/amr-ibn-hazm|Amr ibn Hazm]] to them; see [[event/mission-of-amr-ibn-hazm-to-najran|the mission of Amr ibn Hazm]]. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Notes from the editors",
     "markdown": "Najran is a region between Yemen and Hajar. Qays was called Dhu al-Ghussa because when he spoke it was as if he were choking. The name \"Dibab\" is vowelled with a kasra for the Banu al-Harith ibn Ka'b and for Quraysh and the Banu Amir ibn Sa'sa'a, with a fatha in the lineage of al-Nabigha al-Dhubyani, and with a damma for the Banu Bakr, as reported from al-Suhayli. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Marks of the report",
     "markdown": "- The month is uncertain: \"Rabi al-Akhir or Jumada al-Ula\"; and the return is \"in the remainder of Shawwal or the beginning of Dhu al-Qa'da\". {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/241}\n- The texts of both letters are given in full by Ibn Ishaq, and their wording is recorded here. {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/239} {cite:ibn-hisham-saqqa 4/240}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/mission-of-khalid-to-banu-al-harith",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 28,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-qurad-al-ziyadi",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الوفد",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/amr-ibn-abdullah-al-dibabi",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الوفد",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/khalid-ibn-al-walid",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "المبعوث داعياً إلى بني الحارث بن كعب سنة 10هـ",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/qays-ibn-al-husayn-dhu-al-ghussa",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الوفد؛ أمّره النبي على قومه",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/shaddad-ibn-abdullah-al-qanani",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الوفد",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/yazid-ibn-abd-al-madan",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الوفد؛ أجاب النبي",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/yazid-ibn-al-muhajjal",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "من الوفد",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/ali-expeditions-to-yemen",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "بعث خالد إلى بني الحارث بن كعب بنجران",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/mission-of-amr-ibn-hazm-to-najran",
   "type": "caused",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/najran",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/medina",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "قدوم الوفد",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/year-of-delegations",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/muhammad",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "الباعث؛ استقبل الوفد وأمّر قيس بن الحصين",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "group/banu-al-harith-ibn-kab",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أسلموا ولم يقاتلوا",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "group/banu-al-harith-ibn-kab",
  "person/muhammad",
  "event/delegation-of-hamdan",
  "event/mission-of-amr-ibn-hazm-to-najran",
  "event/delegation-of-abd-al-qays",
  "event/delegation-of-banu-hanifa",
  "event/delegation-of-banu-tamim",
  "event/delegation-of-dimam-ibn-thalaba"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}