{
 "id": "event/preparation-for-uhud",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "preparation-for-uhud",
 "label": {
  "ar": "استعدادات قريش لغزوة أحد",
  "en": "Quraysh Preparations for the Battle of Uhud"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "عملية تحشيد عسكري ومالي واسعة قامت بها قريش للانتقام من المسلمين بعد هزيمتها في بدر.",
  "en": "A large-scale military and financial mobilization by Quraysh to avenge their defeat at Badr."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people",
  "place"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 625.1619814233009,
  "latest": 625.2468565404859
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0625-03",
   "hijri": "0003-10",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "شوال سنة 3هـ كما في الرحيق المختوم؛ التحويل إلى الميلادي مشتق."
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0625-03",
   "hijri": "0003-10",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "شوال سنة 3هـ كما في الرحيق المختوم؛ التحويل إلى الميلادي مشتق."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "campaign",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0625-03",
    "hijri": "0003-10",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "month",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "شوال سنة 3هـ كما في الرحيق المختوم؛ التحويل إلى الميلادي مشتق."
   }
  },
  "sides": [
   {
    "label": {
     "ar": "قريش",
     "en": "Quraysh"
    },
    "participants": [
     "group/quraysh"
    ],
    "commanders": [
     "person/abu-sufyan"
    ]
   },
   {
    "label": {
     "ar": "المسلمون",
     "en": "Muslims"
    },
    "participants": [
     "group/early-muslims"
    ],
    "commanders": [
     "person/muhammad"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الرحيق المختوم (source/mubarakpuri-raheeq) p.248",
   "generated_by": "gemma-4",
   "model": "gemma-4",
   "run": "raheeq-batch-11a"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "بعد الهزيمة القاسية التي مُنيت بها [[group/quraysh|قريش]] في [[event/battle-of-badr|غزوة بدر]]، سادت مكة حالة من الغيظ الشديد والرغبة العارمة في الانتقام {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.248}. فقد كانت صدمة فقدان الصناديد والأشراف دافعاً قوياً لتحشيد كافة الموارد لخوض معركة تهدف إلى محو آثار تلك المأساة واستعادة مكانة مكة."
    },
    {
     "heading": "التفاصيل",
     "markdown": "اتفق زعماء قريش، وعلى رأسهم [[person/abu-sufyan-ibn-harb|أبو سفيان بن حرب]] وصفوان بن أمية وعكرمة بن أبي جهل وعبد الله بن أبي ربيعة، على شن حرب شاملة ضد المسلمين {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.248}. ولتأمين التمويل اللازم، قامت قريش ببيع ألف بعير كانت قد نجت بها القافلة السابقة، وجمعت من ورائها مبلغ خمسين ألف دينار {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.248}.\n\nولم تكتفِ قريش بالاعتماد على قوتها الداخلية، بل فتحت باب التطوع للقبائل المجاورة من الأحابيش وكنانة وأهل تهامة. واستخدمت في ذلك أساليب تحريضية، حيث أغرى صفوان بن أمية الشاعر أبو عزة —الذي كان قد أُطلق سراحه في بدر بغير فدية— بتحريض القبائل ضد [[place/medina|المدينة]] مقابل كفالة بناته وإغنائه في حال عودته حياً {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.248, p.249}. كما استعانت قريش بالشاعر مسافع بن عبد مناف الجمحي للقيام بمهمة مماثلة في إذكاء روح الثأر لدى القبائل {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.249}.\n\nزاد من إصرار قريش على خوض هذه المعركة ما تعرضت له من خسائر اقتصادية فادحة في سرية زيد بن حارثة، مما جعلهم يسارعون في استكمال عُدّتهم لخوض معركة فاصلة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.249}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/preparation-for-uhud",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "After the harsh defeat [[group/quraysh|Quraysh]] suffered at the [[event/battle-of-badr|battle of Badr]], Mecca was seized by fierce rage and an overwhelming desire for revenge {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 248}. The shock of losing its champions and nobles was a strong spur to muster every resource for a battle meant to erase that tragedy's traces and restore Mecca's standing."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Details",
     "markdown": "Quraysh's leaders — headed by [[person/abu-sufyan-ibn-harb|Abu Sufyan ibn Harb]], Safwan ibn Umayya, Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl and Abdullah ibn Abi Rabi'a — agreed on a comprehensive war against the Muslims {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 248}. To secure the needed funding, Quraysh sold the thousand camels by which the earlier caravan had escaped, raising fifty thousand dinars {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 248}.\n\nQuraysh did not rely on its own strength alone: it opened volunteering to neighbouring tribes — the Ahabish, Kinana and the people of Tihama. It used incitement: Safwan ibn Umayya induced the poet Abu Uzza — released at Badr without ransom — to stir the tribes against [[place/medina|Medina]], in return for undertaking his daughters' support and enriching him if he returned alive {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 248, p. 249}. Quraysh also employed the poet Musafi' ibn Abd Manaf al-Jumahi for a like task in kindling the tribes' spirit of vengeance {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 249}.\n\nQuraysh's resolve was hardened by the heavy economic losses it suffered in Zayd ibn Haritha's raid, which made it hasten to complete its equipment for a decisive battle {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p. 249}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/preparation-for-uhud",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "event/quraysh-military-funding",
   "type": "has_part",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-uhud",
   "type": "caused",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/battle-of-badr",
  "event/betrayal-of-abdullah-ibn-ubayy",
  "event/council-of-uhud",
  "event/hamra-al-asad",
  "event/martyrdom-of-hamza",
  "event/muslim-army-deployment-uhud",
  "event/muslim-intelligence-uhud",
  "event/uhud-archers-mistake"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}