{
 "id": "event/quraysh-envoys-to-the-negus",
 "class": "event",
 "slug": "quraysh-envoys-to-the-negus",
 "label": {
  "ar": "وفادة قريش إلى النجاشي",
  "en": "The Quraysh embassy to the Negus"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "أرسلت قريش عمرو بن العاص وعبد الله بن أبي ربيعة بالهدايا إلى النجاشي يطلبان رد المهاجرين المسلمين، فسمع النجاشي من جعفر بن أبي طالب وتلا عليه صدر سورة مريم، فأبى تسليمهم وردّ الهدايا.",
  "en": "Quraysh sent Amr ibn al-As and Abdullah ibn Abi Rabi'a with gifts to the Negus to demand the return of the Muslim emigrants; he heard Ja'far ibn Abi Talib recite the opening of Maryam, refused to surrender them and returned the gifts."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 615.9982066709103,
  "latest": 617.0002806354366
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0616~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "أواسط السنة السادسة من النبوة على تقدير الكتاب (الرحيق ص98)."
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0616~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "أواسط السنة السادسة من النبوة على تقدير الكتاب (الرحيق ص98)."
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "kind": "council",
  "date": {
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0616~",
    "calendar": "julian",
    "precision": "year",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "أواسط السنة السادسة من النبوة على تقدير الكتاب (الرحيق ص98)."
   }
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الرحيق المختوم ص94–98",
   "generated_by": "Claude Code",
   "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "run": "raheeq-prose-batch-8b"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Code (claude-haiku-5-5); al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 94–98"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "أرسلت [[group/quraysh|قريش]] [[person/amr-ibn-al-as|عمرو بن العاص]] و[[person/abdullah-ibn-abi-rabia|عبد الله بن أبي ربيعة]] إلى [[person/negus-of-aksum|النجاشي]] بالهدايا يطلبان رد المهاجرين المسلمين، فسمع النجاشي من [[person/jafar-ibn-abi-talib|جعفر بن أبي طالب]] وتلا عليه صدر سورة مريم، فأبى تسليمهم وردّ الهدايا {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.94} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/334-338}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "المكيدة وحجة الرسولين",
     "markdown": "رأت قريش أن المهاجرين وجدوا مأمناً فاختارت الرجلين، وزوّداهما بالهدايا للنجاشي ولبطارقته، وحجّتهما أن الغلمان السفهاء فارقوا دين قومهم ولم يدخلوا في دين الملك {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.94} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.95}. فاتفقت البطارقة على أن يشيروا على النجاشي بتسليمهم، فاستدعى النجاشي المسلمين ليسمع الطرفين {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.95}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "جعفر عند النجاشي",
     "markdown": "تكلم جعفر عن المسلمين، فوصف جاهليتهم وبعثة النبي وما أمرهم به من صدق الحديث وأداء الأمانة وصلة الرحم وحسن الجوار، ثم سأله النجاشي عما جاء به الله، فقرأ عليه صدراً من سورة مريم، فبكى النجاشي حتى اخضلت لحيته وبكت أساقفته، وقال إن هذا والذي جاء به عيسى ليخرج من مشكاة واحدة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.95} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ردّ الهدايا",
     "markdown": "قال النجاشي للمسلمين: اذهبوا فأنتم شيوم بأرضي، من سبكم غرم، وردّ على الرسولين هديتهما وقال إنه لا حاجة له بها {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96}. ويذكر الكتاب أن أم سلمة قالت إن الرسولين خرجا مقبوحين مردوداً عليهما ما جاءا به {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ملاحظات للباحثين",
     "markdown": "- يذكر الكتاب روايتين لتاريخ وفادة عمرو بن العاص: بعد بدر وقبل ذلك، ويرى أن الأسئلة والأجوبة في الوفادة الثانية هي نفسها تقريباً، فيرجّح أن الوفادة واحدة {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "أرسلت قريش رجلين إلى ملك الحبشة ليعيدا المسلمين. قال الملك للمسلمين إنهم آمنون في بلاده، وأبى أن يسلمهم."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/quraysh-envoys-to-the-negus",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "[[group/quraysh|Quraysh]] sent [[person/amr-ibn-al-as|Amr ibn al-As]] and [[person/abdullah-ibn-abi-rabia|Abd Allah ibn Abi Rabi'a]] to the [[person/negus-of-aksum|Negus]] with gifts, asking for the return of the Muslim emigrants. The Negus heard [[person/jafar-ibn-abi-talib|Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]], and recited to him the opening of the surah of Maryam; he refused to hand them over and returned the gifts. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.94} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96} {cite:ibn-hisham-sira 1/334-338}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "The plot and the envoys' argument",
     "markdown": "Quraysh saw that the emigrants had found safety, so they chose the two men and provided them with gifts for the Negus and his patricians. Their argument was that foolish youths had left the religion of their people and had not entered the religion of the king. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.94} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.95} The patricians agreed to advise the Negus to hand them over, so the Negus summoned the Muslims to hear both sides. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.95}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Ja'far before the Negus",
     "markdown": "Ja'far spoke about the Muslims, describing their former ignorance, the mission of the Prophet, and what he had ordered them: truthfulness, returning trusts, keeping family ties and good neighbourliness. Then the Negus asked him about what God had brought, and he recited to him the opening of the surah of Maryam. The Negus wept until his beard was wet, and his bishops wept too, and he said that this and what Jesus brought come from the same niche. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.95} {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Returning the gifts",
     "markdown": "The Negus said to the Muslims: go, for you are safe in my land; whoever abuses you shall pay. He returned the gifts to the two envoys and said he had no need of them. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96} The book says that Umm Salama said the two envoys left disgraced, with what they had brought returned to them. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Notes for researchers",
     "markdown": "- The book gives two dates for the envoy of Amr ibn al-As, after Badr and before that, and holds that the questions and answers of the second embassy are nearly the same as the first, so it favours that there was one embassy. {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq p.96}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Quraysh sent two men to the king of Abyssinia to bring back the Muslims. The king told the Muslims that they were safe in his country, and he refused to hand them over."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "event/quraysh-envoys-to-the-negus",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 12,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/aksum",
   "type": "occurred_at",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/negus-of-aksum",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "أبى التسليم وردّ الهدايا",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/jafar-ibn-abi-talib",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "تكلم عن المسلمين وتلا صدر مريم",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/amr-ibn-al-as",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "رسول قريش",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-abi-rabia",
   "type": "had_participant",
   "inverse": true,
   "role": "رسول قريش",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "period/prophetic-era",
   "type": "part_of",
   "inverse": false
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/second-migration-to-abyssinia",
  "event/first-migration-to-abyssinia",
  "group/early-muslims",
  "place/aksum",
  "event/battle-of-mutah",
  "event/battle-of-uhud",
  "event/demolition-of-al-uzza-and-idols",
  "event/emigrants-carried-in-two-ships"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}