{
 "id": "exhibit/path-abyssinia-migrations",
 "class": "exhibit",
 "slug": "path-abyssinia-migrations",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الهجرتان إلى الحبشة",
  "en": "The Two Emigrations to Abyssinia"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "درسٌ قصير عن الخروج الأول من مكة: لماذا ذهبوا إلى الحبشة، ومن آواهم، وما جرى هناك، وكيف عادوا، مع الروايات المختلفة عن عودتهم.",
  "en": "A short lesson on the first departure from Mecca: why they went to Abyssinia, who sheltered them, what happened there and how they returned, with the differing accounts of their return."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "time",
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia",
  "east-africa"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "kind": "lesson",
  "audience": [
   "student"
  ],
  "duration_minutes": 25,
  "rooms": [
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "لماذا خرجوا؟",
     "en": "Why Did They Leave?"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "السياق: الأذى الذي سبق الهجرة.",
     "en": "The context: the harm that preceded the emigration."
    },
    "features": [
     "event/persecution-of-mustadafin"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "الهجرة الأولى",
     "en": "The First Emigration"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "من خرج، ومتى، وكيف.",
     "en": "Who left, when, and how."
    },
    "features": [
     "event/first-migration-to-abyssinia"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "الملك الذي آواهم",
     "en": "The King Who Sheltered Them"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "من هو النجاشي كما تقدّمه الصفحة، وما قيل في إسلامه.",
     "en": "Who the Negus is as the page presents him, and what is said about his Islam."
    },
    "features": [
     "person/negus-of-aksum"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "الهجرة الثانية",
     "en": "The Second Emigration"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "من خرج ثانية وما فعلت قريش.",
     "en": "Who left a second time, and what Quraysh did."
    },
    "features": [
     "event/second-migration-to-abyssinia"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "جعفر بن أبي طالب",
     "en": "Ja'far ibn Abi Talib"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "الذي تكلّم أمام الملك باسم المهاجرين.",
     "en": "The one who spoke before the king on the emigrants' behalf."
    },
    "features": [
     "person/jafar-ibn-abi-talib"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "مهاجرو الحبشة",
     "en": "The Emigrants to Abyssinia"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "كيف يصنّفهم ابن إسحاق بحسب عودتهم.",
     "en": "How Ibn Ishaq classifies them by their return."
    },
    "features": [
     "concept/muhajirun-of-abyssinia"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "حالةٌ مختلفة",
     "en": "A Different Case"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "ليس كل من خرج بقي على إسلامه كما يروي ابن إسحاق، وتنبّه إلى أن الكتاب لا يؤرّخ الواقعة.",
     "en": "Not everyone who left remained Muslim, as Ibn Ishaq relates; note that the book does not date the event."
    },
    "features": [
     "event/ubaydullah-ibn-jahsh-leaves-islam-in-abyssinia"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "أم حبيبة",
     "en": "Umm Habiba"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "من هاجرت وعادت وصارت من أمهات المؤمنين.",
     "en": "One who emigrated, returned, and became a Mother of the Believers."
    },
    "features": [
     "person/umm-habiba-bint-abi-sufyan"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "أسماء بنت عميس",
     "en": "Asma bint Umays"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "من النساء اللواتي هاجرن مع أزواجهن.",
     "en": "One of the women who emigrated with their husbands."
    },
    "features": [
     "person/asma-bint-umays"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "العودة",
     "en": "The Return"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "روايتها في الصفحة بحسب ابن إسحاق.",
     "en": "Its account on the page, according to Ibn Ishaq."
    },
    "features": [
     "event/return-of-abyssinian-emigrants"
    ]
   },
   {
    "title": {
     "ar": "رواية أخرى لقدوم جعفر",
     "en": "Another Account of Ja'far's Arrival"
    },
    "body": {
     "ar": "خبر ينقله ابن هشام عن غير ابن إسحاق؛ قارن بين الصفحتين.",
     "en": "A report Ibn Hisham transmits from other than Ibn Ishaq; compare the two pages."
    },
    "features": [
     "event/jafar-arrival-at-khaybar"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "prerequisites": [
   "exhibit/path-meccan-period"
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hisham-sira",
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "مسار تعليمي مبني على صفحات المتحف نفسها (docs/plan/19-tour-learn.md)",
   "generated_by": "Claude (maintainer session)",
   "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "run": "learn-pathways-1"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; pathway assembled from existing museum entries (docs/plan/19-tour-learn.md)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "هدف المسار",
     "markdown": "أن تعرف سبب الهجرتين إلى الحبشة وأسماء أبرز من شاركوا فيهما، وأن ترى كيف تعرض الروايات عودتهم."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ما الذي ستعرفه في النهاية",
     "markdown": "- تفرّق بين الهجرة الأولى والثانية وتذكر ما يميّز كلاً منهما.\n- تذكر من آواهم ومن تكلّم عنهم أمام الملك.\n- ترى كيف تُنسب الروايات المختلفة لعودة المهاجرين إلى أصحابها."
    },
    {
     "heading": "كيف تقرأ هذا المسار",
     "markdown": "هذا الدرس أصغر من «العهد المكي» وأضيق منه، يركّز على حدثٍ واحد وأشخاصه، ويُظهر كيف يعرض المتحف الروايات المختلفة للحدث نفسه.\nالمدة التقريبية: 25 دقيقة، وعدد الخطوات: 11. هذا مسارٌ تجريبي ضمن «جولة وتعلّم»."
    },
    {
     "heading": "قبل أن تبدأ",
     "markdown": "يُستحسن أن تبدأ بـ[[exhibit/path-meccan-period|العهد المكي: من الغار إلى الهجرة]]."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الخطوات",
     "markdown": "### 1. لماذا خرجوا؟\n[[event/persecution-of-mustadafin|اضطهاد المستضعفين]]: السياق: الأذى الذي سبق الهجرة.\n\n### 2. الهجرة الأولى\n[[event/first-migration-to-abyssinia|الهجرة الأولى إلى الحبشة]]: من خرج، ومتى، وكيف.\n\n### 3. الملك الذي آواهم\n[[person/negus-of-aksum|النجاشي]]: من هو النجاشي كما تقدّمه الصفحة، وما قيل في إسلامه.\n\n### 4. الهجرة الثانية\n[[event/second-migration-to-abyssinia|الهجرة الثانية إلى الحبشة]]: من خرج ثانية وما فعلت قريش.\n\n### 5. جعفر بن أبي طالب\n[[person/jafar-ibn-abi-talib|جعفر بن أبي طالب]]: الذي تكلّم أمام الملك باسم المهاجرين.\n\n### 6. مهاجرو الحبشة\n[[concept/muhajirun-of-abyssinia|مهاجرة الحبشة]]: كيف يصنّفهم ابن إسحاق بحسب عودتهم.\n\n### 7. حالةٌ مختلفة\n[[event/ubaydullah-ibn-jahsh-leaves-islam-in-abyssinia|تنصّر عبيد الله بن جحش بأرض الحبشة]]: ليس كل من خرج بقي على إسلامه كما يروي ابن إسحاق، وتنبّه إلى أن الكتاب لا يؤرّخ الواقعة.\n\n### 8. أم حبيبة\n[[person/umm-habiba-bint-abi-sufyan|أم حبيبة رملة بنت أبي سفيان]]: من هاجرت وعادت وصارت من أمهات المؤمنين.\n\n### 9. أسماء بنت عميس\n[[person/asma-bint-umays|أسماء بنت عميس]]: من النساء اللواتي هاجرن مع أزواجهن.\n\n### 10. العودة\n[[event/return-of-abyssinian-emigrants|قدوم مهاجري الحبشة مع جعفر بن أبي طالب]]: روايتها في الصفحة بحسب ابن إسحاق.\n\n### 11. رواية أخرى لقدوم جعفر\n[[event/jafar-arrival-at-khaybar|قدوم جعفر بن أبي طالب على النبي بخيبر]]: خبر ينقله ابن هشام عن غير ابن إسحاق؛ قارن بين الصفحتين."
    },
    {
     "heading": "بعد أن تنتهي",
     "markdown": "جرّب بعد ذلك: [[exhibit/path-women-around-the-prophet|النساء حول النبي: اثنتا عشرة سيرة]]."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "exhibit/path-abyssinia-migrations",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "The aim of this trail",
     "markdown": "To know why the two emigrations to Abyssinia happened, the names of their most prominent participants, and to see how the accounts present their return."
    },
    {
     "heading": "What you will know at the end",
     "markdown": "- Distinguish the first emigration from the second and name what marks each.\n- Name who sheltered them and who spoke for them before the king.\n- See how the differing accounts of the emigrants' return are attributed to their sources."
    },
    {
     "heading": "How to read this trail",
     "markdown": "This lesson is smaller and narrower than \"The Meccan Period\", focusing on one event and its people, and shows how the museum presents differing accounts of the same event.\nApproximate duration: 25 minutes; 11 steps. This is an experimental trail within \"Tour and Learn\"."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Before you begin",
     "markdown": "It is best to start with [[exhibit/path-meccan-period|The Meccan Period: From the Cave to the Hijra]]."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The steps",
     "markdown": "### 1. Why Did They Leave?\n[[event/persecution-of-mustadafin|The persecution of the vulnerable]]: the context — the harm that preceded the emigration.\n\n### 2. The First Emigration\n[[event/first-migration-to-abyssinia|The first emigration to Abyssinia]]: who left, when, and how.\n\n### 3. The King Who Sheltered Them\n[[person/negus-of-aksum|The Negus]]: who the Negus is as the page presents him, and what is said about his Islam.\n\n### 4. The Second Emigration\n[[event/second-migration-to-abyssinia|The second emigration to Abyssinia]]: who left a second time, and what Quraysh did.\n\n### 5. Ja'far ibn Abi Talib\n[[person/jafar-ibn-abi-talib|Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]]: the one who spoke before the king on the emigrants' behalf.\n\n### 6. The Emigrants to Abyssinia\n[[concept/muhajirun-of-abyssinia|The emigrants of Abyssinia]]: how Ibn Ishaq classifies them by their return.\n\n### 7. A Different Case\n[[event/ubaydullah-ibn-jahsh-leaves-islam-in-abyssinia|Ubaydullah ibn Jahsh's conversion to Christianity in Abyssinia]]: not everyone who left remained Muslim, as Ibn Ishaq relates; note that the book does not date the event.\n\n### 8. Umm Habiba\n[[person/umm-habiba-bint-abi-sufyan|Umm Habiba Ramla bint Abi Sufyan]]: one who emigrated, returned, and became a Mother of the Believers.\n\n### 9. Asma bint Umays\n[[person/asma-bint-umays|Asma bint Umays]]: one of the women who emigrated with their husbands.\n\n### 10. The Return\n[[event/return-of-abyssinian-emigrants|The arrival of the Abyssinian emigrants with Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]]: its account on the page, according to Ibn Ishaq.\n\n### 11. Another Account of Ja'far's Arrival\n[[event/jafar-arrival-at-khaybar|Ja'far ibn Abi Talib's arrival to the Prophet at Khaybar]]: a report Ibn Hisham transmits from other than Ibn Ishaq; compare the two pages."
    },
    {
     "heading": "When you finish",
     "markdown": "Try next: [[exhibit/path-women-around-the-prophet|The Women Around the Prophet: Twelve Lives]]."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "exhibit/path-abyssinia-migrations",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}