{
 "id": "group/jurhum",
 "class": "group",
 "slug": "jurhum",
 "label": {
  "ar": "جرهم",
  "en": "Jurhum"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "قبيلة يمانية قحطانية نزلت مكة في زمن إسماعيل وتزوج منها، ووليت أمر مكة بعد أولاده نحو عشرين قرناً، حتى أخرجتها خزاعة في أواسط القرن الثاني للميلاد فسدّت زمزم ورحلت إلى اليمن.",
  "en": "A Yemeni Qahtani tribe that settled at Mecca in Ismail’s time and intermarried with him; it held authority over Mecca for nearly twenty centuries until Khuzaʾa expelled it in the mid-second century CE, whereupon it buried Zamzam and departed for Yemen."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/pre-islamic-arabia"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "family-marriage-kinship"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "tribe",
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 15–34 (batch 25a)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "جرهم: القبيلة اليمانية التي نزلت مكة بإذن أم إسماعيل فتزوج منها إسماعيل، ووليت أمر مكة نحو عشرين قرناً حتى أجلتها خزاعة."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحياة",
     "markdown": "جاءت قبيلة يمانية وهي جرهم فقطنت مكة بإذن من أم إسماعيل {cite:sahih-al-bukhari}. وتولى أمر مكة بعد أولاد إسماعيل جدّهم مضاض بن عمرو الجرهمي، فانتقلت الزعامة إلى جرهم وظلت في أيديهم، وكان لأولاد إسماعيل مركز محترم لما لأبيهم من بناء البيت {cite:qalb-jazirat-al-arab}.\n\nوساء أمرهم بعد ذلك فظلموا الوافدين واستحلوا مال الكعبة، فحاربتهم خزاعة بمعونة بني بكر بن عبد مناف حتى أجلتهم في أواسط القرن الثاني الميلادي {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq}. فسدّوا زمزم ودفنوا فيها غزالي الكعبة الذهبيين وحجر الركن، ورحلوا إلى اليمن حزينين على ما فارقوا {cite:ibn-hisham-sira}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "جرهم أول جيران لإسماعيل في مكة؛ حكموها دهراً طويلاً ثم طردتهم خزاعة فدفنوا كنوزاً في البئر."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "group/jurhum",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Jurhum: the Yemeni tribe that settled Mecca by leave of Isma'il's mother, from which Isma'il married; it governed Mecca's affairs for some twenty centuries until Khuza'a expelled it."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Life",
     "markdown": "A Yemeni tribe — Jurhum — came and settled Mecca by leave of Isma'il's mother {cite:sahih-al-bukhari}. Charge of Mecca passed after Isma'il's sons to their grandfather Madad ibn Amr al-Jurhumi; leadership moved to Jurhum and stayed in their hands, Isma'il's sons keeping a respected place for their father's building of the House {cite:qalb-jazirat-al-arab}.\n\nLater their rule soured: they wronged the pilgrims and made free with the Ka'ba's property, so Khuza'a fought them with Banu Bakr ibn Abd Manaf's aid until driving them out in the middle of the second century CE {cite:mubarakpuri-raheeq}. They sealed Zamzam and buried in it the Ka'ba's two golden gazelles and the corner-stone, then departed for Yemen grieving at what they had left {cite:ibn-hisham-sira}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Jurhum were Isma'il's first neighbours in Mecca; they ruled it a long age until Khuza'a drove them out — and they buried treasures in the well."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "group/jurhum",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 6,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/mecca",
   "type": "lived_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "قطنت مكة بإذن أم إسماعيل ووليت أمرها بعد أولاد إسماعيل.",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
    "source/sahih-al-bukhari"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/expulsion-of-jurhum",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "role": "الطائفة المُجلية",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
    "source/qalb-jazirat-al-arab"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/settlement-of-hajar-and-ismail",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "role": "القبيلة اليمانية التي نزلت بإذنها",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
    "source/sahih-al-bukhari"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "place/mecca",
  "person/hajar",
  "person/ibrahim",
  "person/ismail",
  "event/settlement-of-hajar-and-ismail",
  "period/pre-islamic-arabia",
  "event/expulsion-of-jurhum",
  "event/marriage-to-khadija"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}