{
 "id": "group/qibjaq",
 "class": "group",
 "slug": "qibjaq",
 "label": {
  "ar": "القبجاق",
  "en": "Qipchaq (Cumans)",
  "ur": "قپچاق"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "القبجاق قبائل تركية رحل في سهوب ما وراء النهر والقوقاز؛ يذكرها ياقوت في معجم البلدان في خروج المغول وقتلهم القبجاق، ويعرض العمري في مسالك الأبصار لبلادهم وصحرائهم {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}.",
  "en": "The Qipchaq (Cumans) were nomadic Turkic tribes of the steppes beyond the Oxus and the Caucasus; Yaqut's Mujam mentions them in the Mongol irruption that killed the Qipchaq, and al-Umari's Masalik al-Absar surveys their land and steppe {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/mongol-post-mongol"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "race-colour-ethnicity"
 ],
 "data": {
  "kind": "people",
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q1035516"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/mujam-al-buldan-yaqut",
   "source/umari-masalik-1924"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "wikidata-import deferred Q1035516 (Cumans; Islamic sources say qibjaq); Masalik al-Absar and Mujam al-Buldan verified in OCR",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)",
   "run": "wd-deferred-9"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 Medium)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "القبجاق قبائل تركية رحل في سهوب ما وراء النهر والقوقاز، وإليها ينسب «لسان القبجاق» ودولتهم في مصر المملوكية {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "في المصادر",
     "markdown": "يذكر ياقوت القبجاق في خروج المغول من الدربند واجتياحهم بلاد الخزر وقتلهم القبجاق، ويعرض العمري في مسالك الأبصار لجبل في صحراء القبجاق ولبلادهم {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "group/qibjaq",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-22"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "The Qipchaq were nomadic Turkic tribes of the steppes beyond the Oxus and the Caucasus, to whom the \"Qipchaq tongue\" and the Qipchaq element of Mamluk Egypt are traced {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "In the sources",
     "markdown": "Yaqut mentions the Qipchaq in the Mongol irruption through Derbent, their sweep over Khazar lands and the killing of the Qipchaq; al-Umari's Masalik al-Absar surveys a mountain in the Qipchaq steppe and their land {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "group/qibjaq",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-22"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "قپچاق دریائے جيحون اور قفقاز کے ماوراء صحراؤں کے خانہ بدوش ترک قبیلے تھے، جن سے «قپچاق زبان» اور مصرِ مملوکیہ کا قپچاقی عنصر منسوب ہے {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}۔"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مآخذ میں",
     "markdown": "یاقوت قپچاق کا ذکر دربند سے مغولوں کے نکلنے، خزر ممالک پر ان کے حملے اور قپچاق کے قتل میں کرتا ہے؛ عمری کی مسالک الابصار قپچاق کی صحرا کے پہاڑ اور ان کے ملک کی تفصیل دیتی ہے {cite:mujam-al-buldan-yaqut} {cite:umari-masalik-1924}۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "group/qibjaq",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2 Medium), draft translation"
    ]
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-22"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "updated": "2026-10-22",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "concept/al-ulfa-al-amma-bayn-al-shuub",
  "event/farewell-pilgrimage",
  "person/ayman-ibn-ubayd",
  "person/bilal-ibn-rabah",
  "person/malcolm-x",
  "person/umm-ayman",
  "screen/ali-2001",
  "screen/ismi-khan-2010"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}