{
 "id": "passage/arbaun-32",
 "class": "passage",
 "slug": "arbaun-32",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الأربعون 32 — لا ضرر ولا ضرار",
  "en": "Arba'un 32 — no harm and no reciprocating harm"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "حديث أبي سعيد الخدري أن النبي قال: «لا ضرر ولا ضرار» — وهو الحديث الثاني والثلاثون في الأربعين النووية وفي شرح ابن رجب؛ قال النووي حديث حسن رواه ابن ماجه والدارقطني وغيرهما مسنداً ورواه مالك في الموطأ عن عمرو بن يحيى عن أبيه مرسلاً فأسقط أبي سعيد وله طرق يقوى بعضها ببعض؛ وبين ابن رجب أن ابن ماجه لم يخرج حديث أبي سعيد وإنما أخرجه الدارقطني والحاكم والبيهقي من رواية عثمان بن محمد بن عثمان بن ربيعة حدثنا الدراوردي عن عمرو بن يحيى المازني عن أبيه عن أبي سعيد مرفوعاً «لا ضرر ولا ضرار من ضار ضره الله ومن شاق شق الله عليه» وقال الحاكم صحيح الإسناد على شرط مسلم وقال البيهقي تفرد به عثمان عن الدراوردي؛ وأما مالك فلم يختلف عنه في إرساله عند ابن عبد البر وقال لا يسند من وجه صحيح ثم خرجه من رواية عبد الملك بن معاذ النصيبي عن الدراوردي موصولاً والدراوردي كان أحمد يضعف ما حدث به من حفظه ولا يعبأ به ولا شك في تقديم قول مالك على قوله، وقال خالد بن سعد الأندلسي الحافظ لم يصح حديث «لا ضرر ولا ضرار» مسنداً؛ ومعنى الحديث عند الشراح نفي الضرر ابتداءً ومجازاةً — فلا يضر المسلم نفسه ولا غيره ولا يقابل ضرراً بضرر — وهو قاعدة كبرى في الفقه يستخرج منها ابن رجب في شرحه الطويل إسقاط الضرر عما يوجبه الشرع من التكاليف (جامع العلوم والحكم ص 667–683).",
  "en": "The hadith of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Prophet said 'no harm and no reciprocating harm' — the thirty-second of al-Nawawi's Forty and of Ibn Rajab's commentary; al-Nawawi calls it hasan, transmitted by Ibn Majah, al-Daraqutni and others with a full chain and by Malik in the Muwatta' mursal through Amr ibn Yahya from his father, dropping Abu Sa'id, with routes that strengthen one another; Ibn Rajab clarifies that Ibn Majah did not in fact carry Abu Sa'id's version — it comes through al-Daraqutni, al-Hakim and al-Bayhaqi via Uthman ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman ibn Rabi'a, 'al-Darawardi told us', from Amr ibn Yahya al-Mazini from his father from Abu Sa'id in the fuller wording 'no harm and no reciprocating harm; whoever harms, God harms him, and whoever makes things difficult, God makes things difficult for him' — al-Hakim grading its chain sahih on Muslim's condition and al-Bayhaqi noting Uthman alone narrates it from al-Darawardi; as for Malik's mursal, Ibn Abd al-Barr reports no one diverges from it and that it has no sound full chain, then carries a connected route through Abd al-Malik ibn Mu'adh al-Nasibi from al-Darawardi — whose transmissions from memory Ahmad used to weaken and pay no heed to, Malik's word unquestionably outweighing his — while the Andalusian memoriser Khalid ibn Sa'd declared 'no harm and no reciprocating harm' never established with a full chain; the commentators read the hadith as negating harm both initiatory and retaliatory — that a Muslim neither harms himself or another nor answers harm with harm — a supreme legal maxim from which Ibn Rajab, in his long commentary, draws the removal of hardship from the Law's impositions (Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam pp. 667–683)."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [],
 "regions": [],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "unit": "hadith",
  "work": "work/arbaun-nawawi",
  "ref": "32",
  "text": "لا ضرر ولا ضرار",
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam (Dar Ibn Kathir 1429/2008), hadith 32 pp. 667–683",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "run": "lib-jami-ulum-hikam-batch-12"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-rajab-jami-ulum-hikam"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); matn verified against OCR of printed p. 667; the takhrij — Ibn Majah absent, Uthman al-Darawardi route, Malik's undisputed irsal and the named verdicts — from pp. 667–668"
  }
 },
 "prose": {},
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/abu-said-al-khudri",
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   "to": "concept/la-darar",
   "type": "basis_for",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-rajab-jami-ulum-hikam"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "concept/zulm",
  "event/address-to-the-ansar-at-jirana",
  "event/last-minbar-sermon",
  "group/ansar",
  "passage/arbaun-34",
  "concept/la-darar",
  "person/abu-said-al-khudri"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}