{
 "id": "person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
 "label": {
  "en": "al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib",
  "ar": "العباس بن عبد المطلب"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "An uncle of the Prophet, captured with the Meccan side at Badr and later a Muslim, whose descendants founded the Abbasid caliphate.",
  "ar": "عمّ النبي، أُسر مع المكيين في بدر ثم أسلم لاحقًا، ومن نسله قامت الخلافة العباسية."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era",
  "period/rashidun"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "family-marriage-kinship",
  "factions-splits-schisms"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 567.999958931395,
  "latest": 654.0003559278791
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0568~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Approximate; sources differ on the year.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0653~",
   "hijri": "0033~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Died in Medina in 32 or 33 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "العباس بن عبد المطلب بن هاشم"
   },
   {
    "kind": "kunya",
    "lang": "ar-Latn",
    "value": "Abu al-Fadl"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "born": {
   "edtf": "0568~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Approximate; sources differ on the year.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "0653~",
   "hijri": "0033~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Died in Medina in 32 or 33 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "roles": [
   "companion",
   "merchant"
  ],
  "traditions": [
   "sunni",
   "shia-twelver"
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "opponent",
    "toward": "group/early-muslims",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0624-03"
    },
    "end": {
     "edtf": "0624-03"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "Reported to have marched with the Meccan army to Badr and been captured; some reports say he was already secretly Muslim.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-ishaq-guillaume"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "convert",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0630~"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "The timing of his conversion is itself reported differently — openly by the conquest of Mecca, secretly earlier according to some reports.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "companion",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0630~"
    },
    "end": {
     "edtf": "0653~"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "family-of-the-prophet",
    "status": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-ishaq-guillaume"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "arabian-polytheism",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "end": {
     "edtf": "0630~"
    }
   },
   {
    "value": "sunni",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0630~"
    },
    "note": "Early Muslim; recorded under the museum's Sunni frame (docs/scope.md)."
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-ishaq-guillaume",
   "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin; 2026-10-11"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "العباس عمّ النبي، تاجر مكي غني أُسر يوم بدر وهو في جيش مكة، ثم أسلم، وهو الجد الذي يُنتسب إليه الخلفاء العباسيون."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحياة",
     "markdown": "وُلد نحو سنة 568م، وتاجر وكان له نصيب في سقاية الحجيج بمكة {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. ولما سار جيش مكة إلى بدر سنة 624م سار معه فأُسر، وتذكر الرواية أنه افتدى نفسه، وتقول بعض الأخبار إنه كان قد أسلم سرًّا {cite:ibn-ishaq-guillaume}.\n\nأظهر إسلامه زمن [[event/conquest-of-mecca|فتح مكة]] سنة 630م، وشهد [[event/battle-of-hunayn|حنينًا]] في صفوف المسلمين، وعاش بالمدينة إلى نحو سنة 653م مكرَّمًا آخر أعمام النبي {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأثر",
     "markdown": "من العباس انحدر النسل الذي قلب الأمويين بعد قرن وأسس الخلافة العباسية، دولة بغداد خمسة قرون. وحيثما نازع الناسُ في آل البيت، استند العباسيون إليه."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "أُسر العباس في أعظم معركة في زمانه وهو في الجانب الخاسر. ثم لحق بالجانب الفائز، وأسّس أحفاد أحفاده إمبراطورية."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "en",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Brief",
     "markdown": "Al-Abbas was an uncle of the Prophet, a rich merchant of Mecca captured fighting on the Meccan side at Badr, later a Muslim — and the ancestor of the Abbasid caliphs."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Life",
     "markdown": "Born about 568 CE, al-Abbas traded and held interests in the pilgrims' water supply at Mecca {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. When the Meccan army marched to Badr in 624, he marched with it and was captured; the tradition reports he paid his own ransom, and some reports say he had secretly become Muslim already {cite:ibn-ishaq-guillaume}.\n\nHe openly embraced Islam around the [[event/conquest-of-mecca]] in 630, fought on the Muslim side at [[event/battle-of-hunayn]], and lived on in Medina until about 653 CE, honored as the last surviving uncle {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Legacy",
     "markdown": "From al-Abbas descended the line that, a century later, overthrew the Umayyads and founded the Abbasid caliphate — the dynasty of Baghdad for five centuries. Where claims about the Prophet's family were disputed, the Abbasids' case rested on him."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Al-Abbas was captured at the biggest battle of his time — on the losing side. He later joined the winning side, and his great-grandchildren founded an empire."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "en",
    "translators": []
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 26,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abdullah-ibn-salam",
  "person/abu-sufyan-ibn-harb",
  "person/halima-al-sadiyya",
  "person/salman-al-farisi",
  "person/umm-ayman",
  "person/amr-ibn-al-as",
  "person/uthman-ibn-affan",
  "person/suhayl-ibn-amr",
  "person/heraclius",
  "person/hind-bint-utba",
  "person/safwan-ibn-umayya",
  "person/sajah"
 ],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/mecca",
   "type": "born_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "place/medina",
   "type": "died_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abd-al-muttalib",
   "type": "child_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abu-talib",
   "type": "sibling_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/hamza",
   "type": "sibling_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "group/banu-hashim",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-badr",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "role": "captured-on-the-meccan-side",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-ishaq-guillaume"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/conquest-of-mecca",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "event/battle-of-hunayn",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abdullah-ibn-abbas",
   "type": "parent_of",
   "inverse": true
  },
  {
   "to": "event/abu-sufyan-conversion",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "role": "protector-mediator",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hisham-saqqa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/badr-prisoners",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "note": "من جملة الأسرى المُخرَجين كرهاً",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "event/rebuilding-of-the-kaaba",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "role": "نقل الحجارة مع النبي (بخاري 1/540)",
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
    "source/sahih-al-bukhari"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/muhammad",
  "place/mecca",
  "person/umar-ibn-al-khattab",
  "group/banu-hashim",
  "group/quraysh",
  "person/abd-al-muttalib",
  "person/hamza",
  "group/early-muslims"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}