{
 "id": "person/abdul-karim-qasim",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "abdul-karim-qasim",
 "label": {
  "ar": "عبد الكريم قاسم",
  "en": "Abdul-Karim Qasim",
  "ur": "عبد الکریم قاسم"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "عبد الكريم قاسم (21 نوفمبر 1914 – 9 فبراير 1963)، ضابط عراقي قاد ثورة 14 يوليو 1958 التي أطاحت بالملكية الهاشمية، ثم تولى رئاسة الوزراء وقيادة القوات المسلحة في الجمهورية العراقية حتى أطاح به انقلاب البعث في فبراير 1963 فأُعدم بعد محاكمة قصيرة. اتسم حكمه بإصلاحات اجتماعية وأرضية واسعة وبصراع مع التيار القومي العربي ومع الشيوعيين على السواء.",
  "en": "Abdul-Karim Qasim (21 November 1914 – 9 February 1963) was an Iraqi army officer who led the revolution of 14 July 1958 that overthrew the Hashemite monarchy, then served as prime minister and commander-in-chief of the Iraqi Republic until the Ba'ath coup of February 1963, after which he was executed following a short trial. His rule brought sweeping social and agrarian reforms and a balancing contest with both the pan-Arab nationalists and the communists.",
  "ur": "عبد الکریم قاسم (21 نومبر 1914ء – 9 فروری 1963ء) ایک عراقی فوجی افسر تھے جنہوں نے 14 جولائی 1958ء کے انقلاب کی قیادت کی جس نے ہاشمی بادشاہت کا خاتمہ کیا، پھر جمہوریۂ عراق کے وزیرِ اعظم اور مسلح افواج کے سربراہ رہے یہاں تک کہ فروری 1963ء میں بعث بغاوت نے انہیں ہٹا دیا اور مختصر مقدمے کے بعد انہیں پھانسی دی گئی۔ ان کے دور میں وسیع سماجی و زمینی اصلاحات ہوئیں اور وہ عرب قوم پرستوں اور کمیونسٹوں دونوں کے مقابل توازن برقرار رکھنے کی کوشش کرتے رہے۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "levant-iraq"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1914.8859319493213,
  "latest": 1963.1086880633782
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1914-11-21",
   "hijri": "1333",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born on 21 November 1914 in the Mahdiyya district of Baghdad; the English and Arabic articles and Wikidata agree. The Hijri year (1333) is derived by tabular conversion of the recorded date.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
    "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1963-02-09",
   "hijri": "1382",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Executed by firing squad at Baghdad on 9 February 1963, the day after the Ba'ath coup that overthrew his government, following a short trial at the Ministry of Defence; the English article and Wikidata agree on the day, the Arabic article on the year and manner. The Hijri year (1382) is derived from the Gregorian date.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
    "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "عبد الكريم قاسم محمد بكر عثمان الزبيدي",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Abdul-Karim Qasim",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "الزعيم",
    "kind": "laqab"
   },
   {
    "value": "al-Za'im",
    "kind": "laqab"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "politician",
   "military"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1914-11-21",
   "hijri": "1333",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born on 21 November 1914 in the Mahdiyya district of Baghdad; the English and Arabic articles and Wikidata agree. The Hijri year (1333) is derived by tabular conversion of the recorded date.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
    "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1963-02-09",
   "hijri": "1382",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Executed by firing squad at Baghdad on 9 February 1963, the day after the Ba'ath coup that overthrew his government, following a short trial at the Ministry of Defence; the English article and Wikidata agree on the day, the Arabic article on the year and manner. The Hijri year (1382) is derived from the Gregorian date.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en",
    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
    "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "FLAGGED (the family-framing-only configuration of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Shehu Shagari and Saddam Hussein). No source names his own school. The English article, citing Uriel Dann, describes his father as a Sunni Arab and his mother as a Shia Kurd and Qasim himself as of mixed Sunni-Shia parentage; the Arabic article describes his father as a Sunni Muslim and his mother as from a Shia family, adding that the father insisted his sons be schooled in the Sunni rite — statements about his parents and his father's household, which never count. Wikidata gives only Islam in general, and the English article's category 'Iraqi Muslims' is a filing. No source read attests unbelief either; his communist support and his clashes with the religious parties are ideology and politics, which never count in either direction. Recorded unknown with exactly this stated.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en",
     "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
     "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q299732"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en",
   "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
   "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ur",
   "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "English, Arabic and Urdu Wikipedia articles on Abdul-Karim Qasim, each fetched by its recorded revision id (EN 1382140681, AR 76685333, UR 10089937) with the returned id asserted equal before use, and Wikidata item Q299732 (item revision 2557615527, read twice with identical revision and claims), the QID grounded through the English article's pageprops and confirmed by the Arabic and Urdu articles' pageprops. Existence checks by Latin and Arabic fragments across data/person, by the grounded QID across all person files, and by biography found no prior record. No successor_of edge to Faisal II is written: the articles do not attest Qasim succeeding Faisal II as head of state — Faisal II's own article names Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i, chairman of the Sovereignty Council, as the successor office-holder on the monarchy's abolition, and Qasim's infobox places ar-Ruba'i as president above his premiership; Qasim's succession of Nuri al-Said was in the defence ministry, a portfolio, not headship of state. Both successions are prose only. No member_of edge is written (he was formally an independent; no Ba'ath or Communist Party group entity is used for him) and no ruler_of edge (no modern Iraq polity entity exists).",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-97"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "صعوده والثورة",
     "markdown": "تخرج قاسم في الكلية العسكرية سنة 1934 وفي كلية الأركان بتفوق سنة 1941، وشارك في إخماد انتفاضات 1935 وفي حرب 1941 وحرب فلسطين 1948، وأتم دورة ضباط عليا في ديفايزس بإنجلترا سنة 1951. قاد بصفته زعيم الضباط الأحرار انقلاب 14 يوليو 1958 الذي قُتل فيه الملك فيصل الثاني وانتهت به الملكية. ترأس الجمهوريةَ شكليًا مجلسُ سيادة ثلاثي برئاسة محمد نجيب الرباعي، بينما تولى قاسم رئاسة الوزراء ووزارة الدفاع وقيادة القوات المسلحة. {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حكمه وسقوطه",
     "markdown": "فكّك حكمه البنية الإقطاعية بقانون الإصلاح الزراعي في سبتمبر 1958، وعدّل قانون الأحوال الشخصية سنة 1959 فحرّم تعدد الزوجات ومنح المرأة حقوقًا مساوية في الإرث، ودار حكمه على موازنة الشيوعيين ضد القوميين العرب المطالبين بالوحدة مع مصر. وفي 8 فبراير 1963 أطاح به حزب البعث في ثورة رمضان، فأُعدم رميًا بالرصاص في مبنى وزارة الدفاع ببغداد في 9 فبراير بعد محاكمة قصيرة، وعُرضت جثته على التلفاز تبديدًا لاعتقاد أنصاره أنه اختفى وسيظهر كالمهدي. {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "دينه",
     "markdown": "يُسجَّل دينه غير معروف. تصف المصدران أبويه لا مذهبه هو: المقالة الإنجليزية نقلًا عن أورييل دان تجعل أباه عربيًا سنيًا وأمه كردية شيعية، والمقالة العربية تجعل أباه مسلمًا سنيًا وأمه من عائلة شيعية، وتضيف أن الأب أصرّ على تعليم أبنائه على المذهب السني. خلفية الأسرة لا تُحتسب شهادة على مذهب الشخص نفسه، ويعطي ويكي بيانات الإسلام عمومًا فحسب.\n{cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar} {cite:wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdul-karim-qasim",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Rise and revolution",
     "markdown": "Qasim graduated from the Military College in 1934 and from the Staff College with honours in 1941, served in the suppression of the tribal revolts of 1935, the Anglo-Iraqi War of 1941 and the Palestine war of 1948, and completed a senior officers' course at Devizes in England. As leader of the Free Officers he directed the coup of 14 July 1958 that killed King Faisal II and ended the monarchy. The republic was headed formally by a three-man Sovereignty Council under Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i, while Qasim held the premiership, the defence ministry and the command of the armed forces. {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Rule and fall",
     "markdown": "His government dismantled the feudal land structure through the Agrarian Reform Law of September 1958, revised the personal status code in 1959 — outlawing polygamy and giving women equal inheritance rights in Article 74 — and governed by balancing the communists against the pan-Arab nationalists who demanded union with Egypt. Unlike most senior officers he was of mixed parentage from south-eastern Iraq and did not share the pan-Arab enthusiasm of the Sunni north-western officer towns. On 8 February 1963 the Ba'ath Party overthrew him in the Ramadan Revolution; after a short show trial he was shot at the Ministry of Defence in Baghdad on 9 February 1963, and his body was displayed on television to dispel his followers' belief that he had gone into hiding like the Mahdi. {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Religion",
     "markdown": "His faith is recorded as unknown. The sources describe his parents, not his own school: the English article, citing Uriel Dann, calls his father a Sunni Arab and his mother a Shia Kurd, and the Arabic article calls his father a Sunni Muslim and his mother a member of a Shia family. Family background never counts toward a person's own recorded school; Wikidata gives only Islam in general. {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar} {cite:wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdul-karim-qasim",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "عروج اور انقلاب",
     "markdown": "قاسم 1934ء میں فوجی کالج اور 1941ء میں امتیاز کے ساتھ اسٹاف کالج سے فارغ ہوئے، 1935ء کی بغاوتوں کے خاتمے، 1941ء کی جنگ اور 1948ء کی فلسطین جنگ میں شریک رہے، اور 1951ء میں انگلستان کے ڈیوائزز میں اعلیٰ افسروں کا کورس مکمل کیا۔ آزاد افسروں کے رہنما کی حیثیت سے انہوں نے 14 جولائی 1958ء کی بغاوت کی قیادت کی جس میں بادشاہ فیصل دوم قتل ہوئے اور بادشاہت ختم ہوئی۔ جمہوریہ کی رسمی سربراہی محمد نجیب الرباعی کی صدارت میں تین رکنی مجلسِ اقتدار کے پاس تھی، جبکہ قاسم وزیرِ اعظم، وزیرِ دفاع اور مسلح افواج کے سربراہ تھے۔ {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حکومت اور زوال",
     "markdown": "ان کی حکومت نے ستمبر 1958ء کے زرعی اصلاحات قانون سے جاگیردارانہ ڈھانچہ توڑا، 1959ء میں ذاتی حیثیت کے قانون میں ترمیم کر کے تعددِ ازواج ممنوع کیا اور خواتین کو وراثت میں برابر حقوق دیے، اور حکومت کمیونسٹوں اور مصر سے اتحاد کے خواہاں عرب قوم پرستوں کے درمیان توازن پر قائم رہی۔ 8 فروری 1963ء کو بعث پارٹی نے انہیں ہٹا دیا؛ مختصر مقدمے کے بعد 9 فروری کو بغداد میں وزارتِ دفاع میں انہیں گولی مار دی گئی، اور ان کے پیروکاروں کے اس یقین کو توڑنے کے لیے کہ وہ مہدی کی طرح غائب ہو گئے ہیں، ان کی لاش ٹیلی ویژن پر دکھائی گئی۔ {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مذہب",
     "markdown": "ان کا مذہب نامعلوم درج ہے۔ ماخذ ان کے والدین کی وضاحت کرتے ہیں، ان کے اپنے مکتب کی نہیں: انگریزی مقالہ اوریل ڈان کے حوالے سے ان کے والد کو سنی عرب اور والدہ کو شیعہ کرد بتاتا ہے، اور عربی مقالہ والد کو سنی مسلمان اور والدہ کو شیعہ گھرانے سے بتاتا ہے۔ خاندانی پس منظر کسی شخص کے اپنے مکتب کی شہادت نہیں بنتا؛ ویکی ڈیٹا صرف اسلام عمومی دیتا ہے۔\n{cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-en} {cite:wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar} {cite:wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdul-karim-qasim",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abbas-mahmoud-al-aqqad",
  "person/abd-al-halim-mahmud",
  "person/abd-al-jabbar-al-jumurd",
  "person/abd-allah-ibn-al-siddiq-al-ghumari",
  "person/abdul-hai-arifi",
  "person/abdul-hamid-khan-bhashani",
  "person/abdul-hussein-dastghaib",
  "person/abdul-latif-chowdhury-fultali",
  "person/abdul-majid-daryabadi",
  "person/abdul-majid-sindhi",
  "person/abdullah-al-alayli",
  "person/abdullah-musawi-shirazi"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-27",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/baghdad",
   "type": "born_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
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    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
    "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/baghdad",
   "type": "died_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
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    "source/wikipedia-abdul-karim-qasim-ar",
    "source/wikidata-abdul-karim-qasim"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "building/al-madrasa-al-nizamiyya-baghdad",
  "building/bayt-al-hikma",
  "building/bimaristan-adudi",
  "building/bimaristan-al-muqtadiri",
  "building/bimaristan-al-sayyida",
  "building/dar-al-ilm-baghdad",
  "building/jami-al-qatia",
  "building/masjid-qatiat-umm-jafar"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}