{
 "id": "person/abdullah-ibn-abbas",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "abdullah-ibn-abbas",
 "label": {
  "en": "Abdullah ibn Abbas",
  "ar": "عبد الله بن عباس"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "The Prophet's young cousin who grew up in Medina and became the tradition's founding authority on the interpretation of the Qur'an — remembered as the father of tafsir.",
  "ar": "ابن عم النبي الصغير الذي نشأ في المدينة وصار في التراث أعلى مرجعية في تفسير القرآن — يُذكر أبًا للتفسير."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era",
  "period/rashidun",
  "period/umayyad"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "scripture-and-its-sciences",
  "development-of-law-theology-institutions"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 618.9989527505697,
  "latest": 689.0017591052203
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0619~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Born about three years before the Hijra.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0688~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Died at al-Ta'if about 68 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "عبد الله بن عباس بن عبد المطلب"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "born": {
   "edtf": "0619~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Born about three years before the Hijra.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "0688~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "note": "Died at al-Ta'if about 68 AH.",
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "roles": [
   "companion",
   "scholar"
  ],
  "traditions": [
   "sunni"
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "family-of-the-prophet",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "Cousin of the Prophet and of Ali.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "companion",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0622"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "scholar",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0640~"
    },
    "status": "historical",
    "note": "Teacher and authority on tafsir, law and the poetry of the Arabs.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "official",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0656~"
    },
    "end": {
     "edtf": "0660~"
    },
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "Governor of Basra under Ali; later withdrew to the Hijaz.",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sunni",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "note": "Early Muslim; recorded under the museum's Sunni frame (docs/scope.md)."
   }
  ],
  "labelled": [
   {
    "label": {
     "en": "Hibr al-Umma (the scholar of the community); Tarjuman al-Qur'an (interpreter of the Qur'an)",
     "ar": "حبر الأمة"
    },
    "by": "Islamic tradition",
    "status": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley",
   "source/watt-1956-medina"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin; 2026-10-11"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "عبد الله بن عباس ابن عم النبي الصغير — كان غلامًا عند وفاته، ثم صار في التراث أعلى مرجعية فيما يعنيه القرآن."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحياة",
     "markdown": "وُلد نحو سنة 619م قبل الهجرة بثلاث سنين، ونشأ بالمدينة في حلقة بيت النبوة {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. وتصوّر الروايات النبي داعيًا له بعلم التأويل — وتصوّر غلامًا يتعطّش أن يسمع من كل صحابي ما عنده.\n\nوفي عهد الخلفاء صار معلمًا وفقيهًا؛ ووالى [[person/ali-ibn-abi-talib|عليٌّ]] البصرةَ عليه، ثم انكفأ إلى الحجاز بعد مقتله {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. وحفظت أجيال من تلاميذه عنه تفسير الآيات وأحكامه وأشعار العرب؛ ويكاد لا يخلو منه تفسير لاحق. مات بالطائف نحو سنة 688م {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأثر",
     "markdown": "كل صناعة التفسير ترجع في نسبها إلى تعليمه. فحيثما كتب المفسرون «قال ابن عباس»، فالسلسلة تدّعي البدء من هنا."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "كان ابن عباس صبيًّا عند وفاة النبي، لكنه قضى عمره يسأل الكبار كل ما يذكرونه — فصار شارح القرآن الأعظم."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdullah-ibn-abbas",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "en",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Brief",
     "markdown": "Abdullah ibn Abbas was the Prophet's young cousin — a boy when the Prophet died, and later the tradition's founding authority on what the Qur'an means."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Life",
     "markdown": "Born about 619 CE, three years before the Hijra, Ibn Abbas grew up in Medina in the Prophet's extended household {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. The traditions describe the Prophet praying that God teach him the interpretation — and describe the boy's hunger to learn from every Companion he could find.\n\nUnder the caliphs he became a teacher and jurist; under [[person/ali-ibn-abi-talib|Ali]] he served as governor of Basra, then withdrew to the Hijaz after Ali's death {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}. Generations of students memorized his explanations of Qur'an passages, his legal judgments, and his store of Arabic poetry; nearly every later commentary cites him. He died at Taif about 688 {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Legacy",
     "markdown": "The whole genre of Qur'an commentary — tafsir — traces its ancestry to his teaching. Wherever a commentator writes \"Ibn Abbas said,\" the chain claims to start here."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Ibn Abbas was only a boy when the Prophet died, but he spent his life asking the elders everything they remembered — and became the great explainer of the Qur'an."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/abdullah-ibn-abbas",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "en",
    "translators": []
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 14,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/halima-al-sadiyya",
  "person/abu-hurayra",
  "person/umm-salama",
  "person/aisha",
  "person/zaynab-bint-ali",
  "person/saad-ibn-abi-waqqas",
  "person/husayn-ibn-ali",
  "person/safiyya-bint-huyayy",
  "person/hafsa",
  "person/hasan-ibn-ali",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-salam",
  "person/amr-ibn-al-as"
 ],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/mecca",
   "type": "born_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "place/taif",
   "type": "died_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
   "type": "child_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "group/banu-hashim",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "group/quraysh",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "event/hijra",
   "type": "participated_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/umm-al-fadl-lubaba",
   "type": "child_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "place/mecca",
  "person/abd-al-muttalib",
  "group/banu-hashim",
  "person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
  "person/uthman-ibn-affan",
  "person/umar-ibn-al-khattab",
  "person/umm-salama",
  "event/battle-of-badr"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}