{
 "id": "person/al-ashath-ibn-qays",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "al-ashath-ibn-qays",
 "label": {
  "ar": "الأشعث بن قيس",
  "en": "al-Ash'ath ibn Qays"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "من ملوك كندة وصاحب مرباع حضرموت؛ وفد على النبي سنة 10هـ في سبعين راكباً من كندة، وارتد فيمن ارتد من الكنديين وأُسر وأُحضر إلى أبي بكر فأسلم فأطلقه وزوجه أخته، ثم شهد اليرموك والقادسية وصفين مع علي، ومات بعد مقتل علي بأربعين ليلة.",
  "en": "One of the kings of Kinda and holder of the quarter-share of Hadramawt; he came to the Prophet in 10 AH with seventy riders of Kinda, left Islam with those of Kinda who did, was captured and brought to Abu Bakr, embraced Islam again and was freed and married to Abu Bakr's sister; he was at al-Yarmuk, al-Qadisiyya and with Ali at Siffin, and died forty nights after Ali's killing."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era",
  "period/rashidun"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "converts-and-leavers"
 ],
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "الأشعث بن قيس بن معديكرب بن معاوية بن جبلة بن عدي بن ربيعة بن معاوية الأكرمين بن ثور الكندي"
   },
   {
    "kind": "kunya",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "أبو محمد"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "companion"
  ],
  "traditions": [
   "sunni"
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "companion",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "مذكور في الإصابة ترجمة رقم 315 (ص 70).",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sunni",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "note": "ذُكر في كتب الصحابة؛ يُسجَّل ضمن الإطار السني للمتحف (docs/scope.md)."
   }
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الإصابة في تمييز الصحابة، ترجمة 315، ص 70",
   "generated_by": "Claude (maintainer session)",
   "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "run": "isaba-batch-4"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; read from al-Isaba (column-aware OCR, page 70, entry 315)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "[[person/al-ashath-ibn-qays|الأشعث بن قيس]] بن معديكرب الكندي، يكنى أبا محمد. اسمه معديكرب وإنما لُقّب بالأشعث، قال محمد بن يزيد: كان أبداً أشعث الرأس فسمي الأشعث {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الوفد",
     "markdown": "قال ابن سعد: وفد على النبي سنة 10هـ في سبعين راكباً من كندة، وكان من ملوك كندة وهو صاحب مرباع حضرموت، قاله ابن الكلبي. وأخرج البخاري ومسلم حديثه في الصحيح {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الردة",
     "markdown": "كان الأشعث قد ارتد فيمن ارتد من الكنديين، وأُسر فأُحضر إلى أبي بكر فأسلم فأطلقه وزوجه أخته أم فروة، في قصة طويلة {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}. ويروي الواقدي عن زيد بن أسلم عن أبيه أنه سمع الأشعث يقول لأبي بكر حين أُتي به في الردة: «استبقني لحربك وزوجني أختك»، ففعل {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}. وفي رواية الطبراني أن أبا بكر لما زوجه أخته اخترط الأشعث سيفه ودخل سوق الإبل فجعل يعقر كل جمل وناقة، فصاح الناس: «كفر الأشعث»، فلما فرغ طرح سيفه وقال: «إني والله ما كفرت، ولكن زوجني هذا الرجل أخته، ولو كنا في بلادنا كانت وليمة غير هذه، يا أهل المدينة كلوا، ويا أصحاب الإبل تعالوا خذوا شروها» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}. وفي رواية قيس بن أبي حازم عن إسماعيل بن أبي خالد أن الأشعث قدّم جريراً في صلاة جنازة وقال: «إنه لم يرتد، وقد كنت ارتددت» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الفتوح والفتنة",
     "markdown": "شهد اليرموك بالشام والقادسية وغيرها بالعراق وسكن [[place/kufa|الكوفة]]، وشهد مع [[person/ali-ibn-abi-talib|علي]] صفين، وله معه أخبار {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفاته",
     "markdown": "قال خليفة وأبو نعيم وغير واحد: مات بعد قتل علي بأربعين ليلة وصلى عليه الحسن بن علي، وقيل: مات سنة 42هـ؛ وفي رواية للطبراني ما يدل على أنه تأخر عن ذلك {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.70}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/al-ashath-ibn-qays",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "[[person/al-ashath-ibn-qays|Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays]] ibn Ma'dikarib al-Kindi, kunya Abu Muhammad. His name was Ma'dikarib — he was nicknamed al-Ash'ath (\"the dishevelled\"); Muhammad ibn Yazid said his head was always unkempt, so he was called al-Ash'ath {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The delegation",
     "markdown": "Ibn Sa'd said he came as a delegate to the Prophet in year 10 AH with seventy riders of Kinda; he was of Kinda's kings, lord of the Hadramawt quarter-tribute per Ibn al-Kalbi. Bukhari and Muslim recorded his hadith in the Sahih {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The Ridda",
     "markdown": "Al-Ash'ath had apostatised among the apostate Kindis; captured and brought to Abu Bakr, he became Muslim and was released, and Abu Bakr married him his sister Umm Farwa — a long story {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}. Al-Waqidi relates from Zayd ibn Aslam from his father that he heard al-Ash'ath say to Abu Bakr when brought in the Ridda: \"keep me for your war and marry me your sister\" — and he did {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}. In al-Tabarani's account, when Abu Bakr married him his sister, al-Ash'ath drew his sword, entered the camel market and began hamstringing every camel; the people cried \"al-Ash'ath has disbelieved!\" — when finished he cast down his sword and said: \"by God I have not disbelieved, but this man married me his sister; had we been in our land the wedding feast would be other than this — people of Medina, eat; camel owners, come take their prices\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}. And in Qays ibn Abi Hazim's account from Isma'il ibn Abi Khalid, al-Ash'ath put Jarir forward in a funeral prayer saying: \"he did not apostatise — I had apostatised\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The conquests and the strife",
     "markdown": "He witnessed the Yarmuk in Syria, al-Qadisiyya and others in Iraq, settled in [[place/kufa|Kufa]], and witnessed Siffin with [[person/ali-ibn-abi-talib|Ali]] — reports exist of him with Ali {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "His death",
     "markdown": "Khalifa, Abu Nu'aym and more than one said he died forty nights after Ali's killing and al-Hasan ibn Ali prayed over him; it is also said he died in 42 AH — and an account in al-Tabarani suggests he outlived that {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 70}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/al-ashath-ibn-qays",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 2,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "place/kufa",
   "type": "lived_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/adi-ibn-hatim",
  "person/al-bara-ibn-azib",
  "person/al-walid-ibn-uqba",
  "person/dimam-ibn-thalaba",
  "person/furat-ibn-hayyan",
  "person/jabir-ibn-samura",
  "person/labid-ibn-rabia",
  "person/wail-ibn-hujr"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}