{
 "id": "person/al-aswad-al-ansi",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "al-aswad-al-ansi",
 "label": {
  "en": "al-Aswad al-Ansi",
  "ar": "الأسود العنسي"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "Abhala ibn Ka'b, called al-Aswad 'the veiled one' — a soothsayer of Yemen who claimed prophecy, seized San'a and much of Yemen for a few weeks, and was cut down by the Persian colony that had first served him.",
  "ar": "عبْهَلة بن كعب الملقب بالأسود «ذي الخمار» — كاهن من اليمن ادّعى النبوة، فملك صنعاء وجلّ اليمن أسابيع، ثم قتله الأبناء الفرس الذين خدموه أول الأمر."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "civil-wars-and-revolts",
  "prophets"
 ],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 580.0002053430255,
  "latest": 632.4146970847819
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "0580~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "tradition",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-donner-1993"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "0632-05~",
   "hijri": "0011-03~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "historical",
   "note": "Killed in San'a by Fayruz al-Daylami and Yemeni notables; the tradition places his death days before the Prophet's.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-donner-1993",
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "عبْهَلة بن كعب العنسي"
   },
   {
    "kind": "laqab",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "ذو الخمار"
   },
   {
    "kind": "laqab",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "ذو الحمار"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "born": {
   "edtf": "0580~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "decade",
   "status": "tradition",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-donner-1993"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "0632-05~",
   "hijri": "0011-03~",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "historical",
   "note": "Killed in San'a by Fayruz al-Daylami and Yemeni notables; the tradition places his death days before the Prophet's.",
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-donner-1993",
    "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
   ]
  },
  "roles": [
   "politician"
  ],
  "traditions": [],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "rival-claimant",
    "toward": "person/muhammad",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0632"
    },
    "end": {
     "edtf": "0632"
    },
    "status": "historical",
    "note": "Claimed prophecy in Yemen and briefly held San'a and the south in the Prophet's last weeks.",
    "sources": [
     "source/tabari-donner-1993",
     "source/watt-1956-medina"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "ruler",
    "start": {
     "edtf": "0632"
    },
    "end": {
     "edtf": "0632"
    },
    "status": "historical",
    "note": "Seized power over most of Yemen, expelling the Prophet's governors, before his own allies killed him.",
    "sources": [
     "source/tabari-donner-1993"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "arabian-polytheism",
    "basis": "debated",
    "note": "A kahin (soothsayer) claiming prophecy; the religious content of his movement is thinly documented.",
    "sources": [
     "source/watt-1956-medina"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/tabari-donner-1993",
   "source/watt-1956-medina",
   "source/ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin; 2026-10-11"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "عبْهَلة بن كعب، الملقب بالأسود العنسي و«ذي الخمار» — كاهن يمني ادّعى النبوة فملك صنعاء وجلّ اليمن أسابيع قلائل، ثم قتله من خدموه أول الأمر."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحياة",
     "markdown": "خرج الأسود في أواخر حياة النبي يدّعي الوحي، فأخرج عاملي النبي من اليمن وملك صنعاء وما دان لها — أولى بذور الردة وأشدّها قربًا من وفاة النبي {cite:tabari-donner-1993}.\n\nثم اتفق عليه الأبناء الفرس في اليمن مع أهل بيته وقوّاضه، فدخل عليه [[person/fayruz-al-daylami|فيروز الديلمي]] وقومه ليلًا فقتلوه — وتضع الرواية مصرعه قبل وفاة النبي بليال {cite:tabari-donner-1993} {cite:ibn-sad-tabaqat-bewley}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الأثر",
     "markdown": "حكم اليمن أسابيع ولم يترك دينًا ولا دولة — وهو مثال المعرض على كيف كانت حركات الردة تلمع وتنطفئ على قدر ما يلتف حولها القائد لا على قدر عقيدتها."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "ملك رجل اليمن أسابيع قليلًا مدّعيًا النبوة — ثم جاءه قتله في الليل أقرب الناس إليه."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/al-aswad-al-ansi",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 8,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abbas-ibn-abd-al-muttalib",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-salam",
  "person/abu-bakr",
  "person/abu-sufyan-ibn-harb",
  "person/amr-ibn-al-as",
  "person/bilal-ibn-rabah",
  "person/halima-al-sadiyya",
  "person/heraclius",
  "person/hind-bint-utba",
  "person/malik-ibn-awf",
  "person/muhammad",
  "person/musaylima"
 ],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "group/banu-ans",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "place/sanaa",
   "type": "died_in",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "polity/rashidun-caliphate",
   "type": "opposed",
   "inverse": false,
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0632"
   },
   "end": {
    "edtf": "0632"
   },
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-donner-1993"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/yemen",
   "type": "ruled_over",
   "inverse": false,
   "start": {
    "edtf": "0632"
   },
   "end": {
    "edtf": "0632"
   },
   "sources": [
    "source/tabari-donner-1993"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/musaylima",
  "person/sajah",
  "place/sanaa",
  "event/al-dawa-al-sirriyya",
  "event/death-of-the-prophet",
  "event/fatrat-al-wahy",
  "event/first-revelation",
  "event/isra-and-miraj"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}