{
 "id": "person/ali-khamenei",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "ali-khamenei",
 "label": {
  "ar": "علي خامنئي",
  "en": "Ali Khamenei",
  "ur": "علی خامنہ ای"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "علي خامنئي (1939–2026)، رجل دين شيعي وسياسي إيراني، رئيس إيران من 1981 إلى 1989 ثم مرشدها الأعلى الثاني من 1989 حتى اغتياله في 28 شباط 2026 في غارات إسرائيلية خلال حرب إيران 2026، وهو أطول مرشد أعلى بقاءً في المنصب. وُلد في مشهد ودرس في قم على يد روح الله الخميني، وكان من وجوه الثورة الإيرانية، وخلفه في القيادة ابنه مجتبى خامنئي.",
  "en": "Ali Khamenei (1939–2026) was an Iranian Shia cleric and politician, president of Iran from 1981 to 1989 and then its second supreme leader from 1989 until his assassination on 28 February 2026 in Israeli airstrikes during the 2026 Iran war — the longest tenure of any supreme leader. Born at Mashhad, he studied at Qom in the classes of Ruhollah Khomeini and was a mainstream figure of the Iranian Revolution; his son Mojtaba Khamenei was chosen to succeed him as supreme leader.",
  "ur": "علی خامنہ ای (1939ء–2026ء) ایرانی شیعہ عالمِ دین اور سیاست دان تھے، 1981ء سے 1989ء تک ایران کے صدر اور پھر 1989ء سے 28 فروری 2026ء کو ایران جنگ 2026ء کے دوران اسرائیلی فضائی حملوں میں اپنے قتل تک اس کے دوسرے رہبرِ اعلیٰ رہے — یہ کسی بھی رہبرِ اعلیٰ کی طویل ترین مدت ہے۔ وہ مشہد میں پیدا ہوئے، قم میں روح اللہ خمینی کے دروس میں شریک ہوئے اور انقلابِ ایران کی نمایاں شخصیات میں سے تھے؛ ان کے بیٹے مجتبیٰ خامنہ ای کو ان کا جانشین چنا گیا۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1939.2943729166238,
  "latest": 2026.1626864343236
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1939-04-19",
   "hijri": "1358",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born at Mashhad on 19 April 1939, the date carried by the English article's lead and infobox (citing the Great Islamic Encyclopedia) and by Wikidata. The Persian article records a genuine dispute: his identity certificate gives 24 Tir 1318, corresponding to 16 July 1939, while Khamenei himself held the correct date to be 29 Farvardin 1318, corresponding to 18–19 April 1939. The articles' and Wikidata's reading is carried, with the dispute stated. The Hijri year (1358) is derived by tabular conversion and is the same for both readings.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-fa",
    "source/wikidata-khamenei"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "2026-02-28",
   "hijri": "1447",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Assassinated at Tehran on 28 February 2026, killed by Israeli airstrikes during the 2026 Iran war: the English article's lead states the fact and the manner, the Arabic article's lead gives the date and the war, the Persian article's infobox ends his leadership on 9 Esfand 1404 (28 February 2026) and names his son Mojtaba as successor, and Wikidata's death value agrees. Tehran has no place entity, so no died_in edge is written. The queue line that commissioned this record described him as living; every source read records his death, and he is built as deceased. The Hijri year (1447) is derived by tabular conversion.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-ar",
    "source/wikidata-khamenei"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "Ali Khamenei",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "علي خامنئي",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Ali Hosseini Khamenei",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "سید علی حسینی خامنه‌ای",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "scholar",
   "jurist",
   "politician"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1939-04-19",
   "hijri": "1358",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born at Mashhad on 19 April 1939, the date carried by the English article's lead and infobox (citing the Great Islamic Encyclopedia) and by Wikidata. The Persian article records a genuine dispute: his identity certificate gives 24 Tir 1318, corresponding to 16 July 1939, while Khamenei himself held the correct date to be 29 Farvardin 1318, corresponding to 18–19 April 1939. The articles' and Wikidata's reading is carried, with the dispute stated. The Hijri year (1358) is derived by tabular conversion and is the same for both readings.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-fa",
    "source/wikidata-khamenei"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "2026-02-28",
   "hijri": "1447",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Assassinated at Tehran on 28 February 2026, killed by Israeli airstrikes during the 2026 Iran war: the English article's lead states the fact and the manner, the Arabic article's lead gives the date and the war, the Persian article's infobox ends his leadership on 9 Esfand 1404 (28 February 2026) and names his son Mojtaba as successor, and Wikidata's death value agrees. Tehran has no place entity, so no died_in edge is written. The queue line that commissioned this record described him as living; every source read records his death, and he is built as deceased. The Hijri year (1447) is derived by tabular conversion.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-ar",
    "source/wikidata-khamenei"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "shia-twelver",
    "basis": "documented",
    "note": "Recorded under the Shia-mapping rule, with the mapping stated. No article text names a branch for him personally; two independent texts attest 'Shia' of him — the English article's lead calls him an Iranian politician and Shia cleric, and the Urdu article's lead calls him an Iranian Shia cleric and politician counted among the world's prominent Shia marja's. The branch-supporting context is specific: the English infobox gives his denomination as Twelver Shi'a, the English text discusses his standing precisely within Twelver Shi'ism (that he was not yet a marja', a senior clerical authority in Twelver Shi'ism, when the constitution required one), he was formed at the Qom hawza in Khomeini's classes, and he headed the Islamic Republic, whose constitution establishes Twelver Ja'fari Shi'ism. Wikidata carries only Islam (Q432) and Shia Islam in general (Q9585). On that configuration — two texts attesting 'Shia' plus this context — the value is recorded as shia-twelver/documented, the mapping being the museum's stated rule rather than a textual naming of the branch.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
     "source/wikipedia-khamenei-ur",
     "source/wikidata-khamenei"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q57336"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
   "source/wikipedia-khamenei-fa",
   "source/wikipedia-khamenei-ar",
   "source/wikipedia-khamenei-ur",
   "source/wikidata-khamenei"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "English, Persian, Arabic and Urdu Wikipedia articles on Ali Khamenei, each fetched by its recorded revision id (EN 1381224008, FA 44807818, AR 77056872, UR 12160343) with the returned id asserted equal before use, and Wikidata item Q57336 (item revision 2558852262; the claims used were read twice with identical results), the QID grounded through the English article's pageprops and confirmed through the other articles' langlinks. Existence checks by Latin, Arabic and Persian fragments and by all likely slug variants across data/person, by the grounded QID across all person files, and by biography found no prior record. The commissioning queue line described him as living; all four articles and Wikidata record his assassination on 28 February 2026, so the record is built as deceased, with no living wing — reported as a brief correction. The successor_of edge (supreme leadership, 1989) and the student_of edge (his Qom studies in Khomeini's classes) are written here, in the subject's own record, both targets built in the same run; no died_in edge is written because Tehran has no place entity, and no ruler_of edge because no Islamic Republic of Iran polity entity exists.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-99"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نشأته ودراسته",
     "markdown": "وُلد في مشهد لأسرة خامنئي ذات الأصول الأذرية والفارسية، ودرس في حوزتها ثم استقر في قم سنة 1958 وحضر دروس روح الله الخميني. وتاريخ ميلاده متنازع فيه: تعطي المقالة الإنجليزية وويكي بيانات 19 نيسان 1939، بينما تذكر المقالة الفارسية أن شهادة ميلاده تعطي 24 تير 1318 الموافق 16 تموز 1939 وأنه كان يرى الصحيح في نيسان من السنة نفسها. انخرط في معارضة محمد رضا بهلوي فاعتُقل ست مرات ونُفي ثلاث سنوات، وأصابته محاولة اغتيال بعد الثورة بشلل في ذراعه اليمنى. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-fa}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "رئاسته وقيادته",
     "markdown": "كان رئيسًا لإيران من 1981 إلى 1989. وعند وفاة الخميني سنة 1989 اختير مرشدًا أعلى مع أنه لم يكن يومها مرجعًا — والمرجعية سلطة دينية رفيعة في التشيع الاثني عشري — كما يلاحظ النص الإنجليزي، فعُدّل شرط الدستور وثُبّت موقعه. وقامت سياسته الخارجية على الإسلاموية الشيعية وتصدير الثورة الإسلامية. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "اغتياله",
     "markdown": "اغتيل في 28 شباط 2026 في غارات جوية إسرائيلية خلال حرب إيران 2026؛ ويذكر مطلع المقالة العربية اغتياله في التاريخ نفسه خلال تلك الحرب، وينهي صندوق المقالة الفارسية قيادته في اليوم نفسه. وأُقيم تشييعه الرسمي من 3 إلى 9 تموز 2026، وكان ابنه مجتبى خامنئي قد انتُخب خلفًا له في 8 آذار. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "دينه",
     "markdown": "يُسجَّل دينه شيعيًا اثنا عشريًا، موثقًا، وفق قاعدة التحويل الشيعي في المتحف مع تصريح التحويل: يسمّيه مطلعا المقالتين الإنجليزية والأردية رجل دين شيعيًا — نصّان مستقلان يشهدان بـ«شيعي» — ويأتي الفرع من السياق المصرح به، ومنه حقل المذهب الاثنا عشري في صندوق المقالة الإنجليزية، وتكوينه في قم في دروس الخميني، ومناقشة النص الإنجليزي لموقعه داخل التشيع الاثني عشري، ورئاسته للجمهورية الإسلامية التي ينص دستورها على التشيع الجعفري الاثنا عشري. أما ويكي بيانات فيحمل الإسلام والشيعة عمومًا فقط. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-ur} {cite:wikidata-khamenei}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المراجع",
     "markdown": "- المصادر المعرّفة المستشهد بها أعلاه، وهي مسجلة في `data/source/`.\n- ترجمات وتعديلات لاحقة للمقال تحتاج إلى مراجعة دورية مع تواريخ تحديث واضحة."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/ali-khamenei",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Early life and studies",
     "markdown": "Born in Mashhad to the Khamenei family, of Azerbaijani and Persian descent, he studied at a hawza there before settling in Qom in 1958, where he attended the classes of Ruhollah Khomeini. His birth date is disputed: the English article and Wikidata give 19 April 1939, while the Persian article records that his identity certificate gives 16 July 1939 and that he himself held the correct date to be in April of that year. He became involved in opposition to Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, was arrested six times and exiled for three years by the Pahlavi government; an attempted assassination after the revolution paralysed his right arm. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-fa}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Presidency and supreme leadership",
     "markdown": "Khamenei was president of Iran from 1981 to 1989. On Khomeini's death in 1989 he was chosen as supreme leader although, as the English article notes, he was not then a marja' — a senior clerical authority in Twelver Shi'ism — which the Iranian constitution required; the requirement was adjusted and his position confirmed. His foreign policy centred on Shia Islamism and exporting the Islamic Revolution. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Death",
     "markdown": "He was assassinated on 28 February 2026, killed by Israeli airstrikes during the 2026 Iran war; the Arabic article's lead likewise records his assassination on that date in that war, and the Persian article's infobox ends his leadership the same day. His state funeral took place from 3 to 9 July 2026, and his son Mojtaba Khamenei had been elected his successor on 8 March. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Religion",
     "markdown": "His faith is recorded as shia-twelver, documented, under the museum's Shia-mapping rule: the English and Urdu leads both call him a Shia cleric — two independent texts attesting \"Shia\" — and the branch is supplied by the stated context, including the English infobox's Twelver denomination, his formation at Qom in Khomeini's classes, the English text's discussion of his standing within Twelver Shi'ism, and his headship of the Islamic Republic, whose constitution establishes Twelver Ja'fari Shi'ism. Wikidata carries only Islam and Shia Islam in general. {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-ur} {cite:wikidata-khamenei}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Sources",
     "markdown": "- The defined source entities cited above, recorded in `data/source/`.\n- Revisions of this article must be dated, and must name the source that changed each fact."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/ali-khamenei",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "ابتدائی زندگی اور تعلیم",
     "markdown": "وہ مشہد میں خامنہ ای خاندان میں پیدا ہوئے جو آذری اور فارسی النسل تھا، وہاں کے حوزے میں پڑھے اور پھر 1958ء میں قم منتقل ہو کر روح اللہ خمینی کے دروس میں شریک ہوئے۔ ان کی تاریخِ پیدائش متنازع ہے: انگریزی مقالہ اور ویکی ڈیٹا 19 اپریل 1939ء دیتے ہیں، جبکہ فارسی مقالہ لکھتا ہے کہ ان کے شناختی سرٹیفکیٹ میں 24 تیر 1318ء یعنی 16 جولائی 1939ء درج ہے اور وہ خود اسی سال اپریل کی تاریخ کو درست سمجھتے تھے۔ وہ محمد رضا پہلوی کی مخالفت میں سرگرم رہے، چھ بار گرفتار ہوئے اور تین سال جلاوطن رہے؛ انقلاب کے بعد قاتلانہ حملے میں ان کا دایاں بازو مفلوج ہو گیا۔ {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-fa}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "صدارت اور قیادت",
     "markdown": "وہ 1981ء سے 1989ء تک ایران کے صدر رہے۔ 1989ء میں خمینی کی وفات پر وہ رہبرِ اعلیٰ چنے گئے اگرچہ — جیسا کہ انگریزی متن نوٹ کرتا ہے — وہ اس وقت مرجع نہیں تھے، جو شیعہ اثنا عشریہ میں اعلیٰ دینی اتھارٹی ہوتی ہے اور جس کا ایرانی آئین تقاضا کرتا تھا؛ یہ شرط ڈھیل دی گئی اور ان کی حیثیت مستحکم ہوئی۔ ان کی خارجہ پالیسی شیعہ اسلام پسندی اور انقلاب برآمد کرنے پر مرکوز رہی۔ {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "قتل",
     "markdown": "وہ 28 فروری 2026ء کو ایران جنگ 2026ء کے دوران اسرائیلی فضائی حملوں میں قتل ہوئے؛ عربی مقالے کا آغاز بھی اسی تاریخ اور اسی جنگ میں ان کے قتل کی تصدیق کرتا ہے اور فارسی مقالے کا معلوماتی خانہ اسی دن ان کی قیادت ختم کرتا ہے۔ ان کا سرکاری جنازہ 3 سے 9 جولائی 2026ء تک ہوا، اور ان کے بیٹے مجتبیٰ خامنہ ای 8 مارچ کو ان کے جانشین منتخب ہو چکے تھے۔ {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "مذہب",
     "markdown": "ان کا مذہب شیعہ اثنا عشری درج ہے، مستند، عجائب گھر کی شیعہ تطبیق قاعدے کے تحت اور تطبیق صراحتاً بیان کی گئی ہے: انگریزی اور اردو مقالات کے آغاز انہیں شیعہ عالمِ دین کہتے ہیں — دو آزاد متون جو «شیعہ» کی شہادت دیتے ہیں — اور شاخ اس بیان کردہ تناظر سے ملتی ہے، جس میں انگریزی معلوماتی خانے کا اثنا عشری فرقہ، قم میں خمینی کے دروس میں ان کی تربیت، انگریزی متن کی شیعہ اثنا عشریہ کے اندر ان کے مقام پر بحث، اور اس اسلامی جمہوریہ کی سربراہی شامل ہے جس کا آئین شیعہ اثنا عشری جعفری مذہب کو قائم کرتا ہے۔ ویکی ڈیٹا صرف اسلام اور عمومی شیعہ اسلام رکھتا ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-en} {cite:wikipedia-khamenei-ur} {cite:wikidata-khamenei}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "ماخذ",
     "markdown": "- اوپر حوالہ دیے گئے متعین ماخذ، جو `data/source/` میں درج ہیں۔\n- اس مضمون کی ہر نظرثانی تاریخ کے ساتھ ہو، اور بتائے کہ کس ماخذ کی بنیاد پر کون سی بات بدلی گئی۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/ali-khamenei",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  }
 },
 "degree": 8,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/colette-khoury",
  "person/dahiru-bauchi",
  "person/qamruddin-ahmad-gorakhpuri",
  "person/nabil-elaraby",
  "person/ali-hassan-mwinyi",
  "person/ali-yafie",
  "person/nawaf-al-ahmad-al-jaber-al-sabah",
  "person/liamine-zeroual",
  "person/yusuf-al-qaradawi",
  "person/shahabuddin-ahmed",
  "person/mufti-abdul-razzaq",
  "person/lamine-diack"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-27",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/akbar-hashemi-rafsanjani",
   "type": "predecessor_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-rafsanjani-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-rafsanjani-ur"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/mashhad",
   "type": "born_in",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-fa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ruhollah-khomeini",
   "type": "successor_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-ur"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/ruhollah-khomeini",
   "type": "student_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-en",
    "source/wikipedia-khamenei-fa"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/akbar-hashemi-rafsanjani",
  "person/ruhollah-khomeini",
  "person/anousheh-ansari",
  "person/ebrahim-raisi",
  "person/maryam-monsef",
  "person/mirza-husayn-khan-moshir-al-dowleh",
  "person/mohammad-amir-ahmad-khan",
  "person/mohammad-khatami"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}