{
 "id": "person/amir-khusrow",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "amir-khusrow",
 "label": {
  "ar": "أمير خسرو",
  "en": "Amir Khusrow",
  "ur": "امیر خسرو"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "أمير خسرو (1253 – أكتوبر 1325)، شاعر سلطنة دهلي وموسيقيها وعالمها، وأشهر شعراء الفارسية في الهند. وُلد في بتيالي ونشأ في دهلي فخدم بلاط ثمانية من سلاطينها، وكتب بالفارسية والهندوية ونُسبت إليه اختراعات موسيقية وشعرية راسخة في ثقافة جنوب آسيا، حتى لُقّب بـ«طوطي هند». وفي سنة 1310 صار تلميذًا ومريدًا للولي الصوفي الجشتي نظام الدين أولياء، فكتب فيه المدائح والمراثي، وتوفي في دهلي بعده بأشهر سنة 1325.",
  "en": "Amir Khusrow (1253 - October 1325) was a poet, musician and scholar of the Delhi Sultanate and the most celebrated Persian-language poet of India. Born at Patiyali and raised in Delhi, he served the courts of eight of its sultans, wrote in Persian and Hindavi, and was credited with musical and poetic innovations that remain rooted in South Asian culture, earning him the epithet 'Parrot of India' (Tuti-i Hind). In 1310 he became a disciple (murid) of the Chishti Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya, in whose praise and memory he wrote, and he died in Delhi a few months after his master in 1325.",
  "ur": "امیر خسرو (1253ء – اکتوبر 1325ء) سلطنت دہلی کے شاعر، موسیقار اور عالم تھے اور ہندوستان کے سب سے مشہور فارسی شاعر شمار ہوتے ہیں۔ پٹیالی میں پیدا ہوئے اور دہلی میں پروان چڑھے؛ انھوں نے اس کے آٹھ سلاطین کے دربار دیکھے، فارسی اور ہندوی میں لکھا، اور موسیقی و شاعری کی ایسی اختراعات ان سے منسوب ہیں جو جنوبی ایشیا کی ثقافت میں رچ بس گئیں، یہاں تک کہ انھیں «طوطی ہند» کہا گیا۔ 1310ء میں وہ چشتی صوفی بزرگ نظام الدین اولیا کے مرید ہوئے اور 1325ء میں دہلی میں وفات پائی۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "south-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1253.0023888238636,
  "latest": 1325.8334531167332
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1253",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "historical",
   "note": "All three article texts and the Wikidata item give 1253; he was born at Patiyali, for which no place entity exists on main, so no born_in edge is written. The year 1253 spans 650-651 AH — the Arabic article gives 651 AH — so no single Hijri year is built.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur",
    "source/wikidata-amir-khusrow"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1325-10",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "historical",
   "hijri": "0725",
   "note": "The English article and the Wikidata item give October 1325; the Urdu article states that he died in Delhi. October 1325 falls wholly within 725 AH, the year the Arabic article gives for his death.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur",
    "source/wikidata-amir-khusrow"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "Abu'l Hasan Yamin ud-Din Khusrau",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Amir Khusrau",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Amir Khusro",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Tuti-i Hind",
    "kind": "laqab"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "poet",
   "musician",
   "scholar",
   "mystic"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1253",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "historical",
   "note": "All three article texts and the Wikidata item give 1253; he was born at Patiyali, for which no place entity exists on main, so no born_in edge is written. The year 1253 spans 650-651 AH — the Arabic article gives 651 AH — so no single Hijri year is built.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur",
    "source/wikidata-amir-khusrow"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1325-10",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "month",
   "status": "historical",
   "hijri": "0725",
   "note": "The English article and the Wikidata item give October 1325; the Urdu article states that he died in Delhi. October 1325 falls wholly within 725 AH, the year the Arabic article gives for his death.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur",
    "source/wikidata-amir-khusrow"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sufi",
    "basis": "documented",
    "note": "A completed discipleship is attested for the man himself in three independent texts. The English article calls him in its lead a mystic and a spiritual disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya and states that in 1310 Khusrau became a disciple of Sufi saint of the Chishti Order, Nizamuddin Auliya. The Arabic article states that he was a follower and disciple (murid) of Nizam al-Din Awliya, and the Urdu article likewise calls him the saint's spiritual disciple (murid). Personal discipleship completed within a living Sufi tradition settles the value sufi on the founder's rule, as with Jahanara Begum. No legal school is named for him in any text read, and none is recorded.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en",
     "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar",
     "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q207817"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en",
   "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar",
   "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur",
   "source/wikidata-amir-khusrow"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "English Wikipedia 'Amir Khusrau' (revision 1377029963 of 27 September 2026), Arabic Wikipedia 'أمير خسرو' (revision 72692605 of 8 December 2025), Urdu Wikipedia 'امیر خسرو' (revision 12129820 of 12 October 2026) and Wikidata Q207817 (item revision 2561440450 of 27 October 2026, re-asserted identical on a second live query), all fetched live in-session on 2 November 2026, the QID grounded from the article's own page property. Existence checked against origin/main before building, by name fragments and by QID: no record exists for him. The student_of edge to person/nizam-al-din-awliya is written HERE, in the disciple's record; that record is built in this same wave 181 (brief 181n1) under the canonical slug agreed by the coordinator. No born_in edge: Patiyali has no place entity on main. No child_of edge: his father has no record.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "modern-figures-wave-181n2"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "ملخص",
     "markdown": "أمير خسرو (1253 – أكتوبر 1325)، واسمه الكامل أبو الحسن يمين الدين خسرو، شاعر سلطنة دهلي وموسيقيها وعالمها، وأشهر شعراء الفارسية في الهند. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} وُلد في بتيالي ونشأ في دهلي، فخدم بلاط ثمانية من سلاطينها، وكتب بالفارسية والهندوية، ونُسبت إليه اختراعات موسيقية وشعرية راسخة في ثقافة جنوب آسيا، حتى لُقّب بـ«طوطي هند». {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "تلميذه لنظام الدين أولياء",
     "markdown": "في سنة 1310 صار خسرو تلميذًا للولي الصوفي الجشتي نظام الدين أولياء صاحب دهلي؛ تصفه المقالة الإنجليزية في صدرها بأنه متصوف وتلميذ روحي للولي، وتثبت سنة التلمذة في متن سيرته. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} وتنص المقالة العربية على أنه كان تابعًا وتلميذًا لنظام الدين أولياء، وتصفه المقالة الأردية بأنه مريده الروحي. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} وتلمذة تامة كهذه، مثبتة للرجل نفسه في ثلاثة نصوص مستقلة، هي ما يثبت انتماءه الصوفي في سجله؛ ولا تسمّي النصوص المقروءة مذهبًا فقهيًا له. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفاته",
     "markdown": "توفي خسرو في أكتوبر 1325 بعد شيخه بأشهر، وتنص المقالة الأردية صراحة على أن وفاته كانت في دهلي. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} {cite:wikidata-amir-khusrow} ويوافق أكتوبر 1325 سنة 725 هـ التي تؤرخ بها المقالة العربية وفاته. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/amir-khusrow",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-02"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Amir Khusrow (1253 - October 1325), whose full name was Abu'l Hasan Yamin ud-Din Khusrau, was a poet, musician and scholar of the Delhi Sultanate and the most celebrated Persian-language poet of India. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} Born at Patiyali and raised in Delhi, he served the courts of eight sultans, wrote in Persian and in Hindavi, and was credited with musical and poetic innovations that remain rooted in the culture of South Asia, earning him the epithet Tuti-i Hind, the Parrot of India. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya",
     "markdown": "In 1310 Khusrow became a disciple of the Chishti Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi; the English article calls him in its lead a mystic and a spiritual disciple of the saint, and states the year of the discipleship in its biography. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} The Arabic article likewise states that he was a follower and disciple of Nizam al-Din Awliya, and the Urdu article calls him the saint's spiritual disciple (murid). {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} A completed discipleship of this kind, attested for the man himself in three independent texts, is what settles his recorded affiliation as Sufi; no legal school is named for him in any text read. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Death",
     "markdown": "Khusrow died in October 1325, a few months after his master, and the Urdu article states expressly that he died in Delhi. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} {cite:wikidata-amir-khusrow} October 1325 falls within 725 AH, the Hijri year the Arabic article gives for his death. {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/amir-khusrow",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-02"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "امیر خسرو (1253ء – اکتوبر 1325ء)، جن کا پورا نام ابو الحسن یمین الدین خسرو تھا، سلطنت دہلی کے شاعر، موسیقار اور عالم تھے اور ہندوستان کے سب سے مشہور فارسی شاعر شمار ہوتے ہیں۔ {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} پٹیالی میں پیدا ہوئے اور دہلی میں پروان چڑھے؛ انھوں نے اس کے آٹھ سلاطین کے دربار دیکھے، فارسی اور ہندوی میں لکھا، اور موسیقی و شاعری کی ایسی اختراعات ان سے منسوب ہیں جو جنوبی ایشیا کی ثقافت میں رچ بس گئیں، یہاں تک کہ انھیں «طوطی ہند» کہا گیا۔ {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "نظام الدین اولیا کی مریدی",
     "markdown": "1310ء میں خسرو دہلی کے چشتی صوفی بزرگ نظام الدین اولیا کے مرید ہوئے؛ انگریزی مضمون انھیں بزرگ کا روحانی شاگرد کہتا ہے اور سوانح میں مریدی کا سال بھی دیتا ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} عربی مضمون بھی انھیں نظام الدین اولیا کا تابع و شاگرد لکھتا ہے اور اردو مضمون ان کے روحانی شاگرد ہونے کی تصریح کرتا ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} یہی مکمل مریدی، جو تین آزاد متنوں میں ان کے لیے ثابت ہے، ان کا صوفی انتماء طے کرتی ہے؛ کسی متن میں ان کے لیے کوئی فقہی مذہب نہیں بتایا گیا۔ {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-en} {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفات",
     "markdown": "خسرو کی وفات اکتوبر 1325ء میں اپنے مرشد کے چند ماہ بعد ہوئی، اور اردو مضمون صراحتاً لکھتا ہے کہ وفات دہلی میں ہوئی۔ {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur} {cite:wikidata-amir-khusrow} اکتوبر 1325ء 725ھ میں پڑتا ہے، جس سنہ سے عربی مضمون ان کی وفات مؤرخ کرتا ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ar}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/amir-khusrow",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-11-02"
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/al-jabari-abu-ishaq-ibrahim-ibn-umar",
  "person/ibn-jama-a-badr-al-din",
  "person/safi-al-din-ardabili",
  "person/zaynab-bint-al-kamal",
  "person/nizam-al-din-awliya",
  "person/ahmad-al-suhrawardi",
  "person/jamal-al-din-al-mizzi",
  "person/uthman-i-uthmani",
  "person/ibn-al-jazari-muhammad-ibn-ibrahim",
  "person/ibn-al-banna-al-marrakushi",
  "person/rashid-al-din-hamadani",
  "person/ibn-barri-ali-ibn-muhammad"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-11-02",
 "connections": [
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   "type": "student_of",
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   "sources": [
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    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "place/delhi",
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   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-amir-khusrow-ur"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/nizam-al-din-awliya",
  "place/delhi",
  "building/afsarwala-tomb",
  "building/afsarwali-masjid-delhi",
  "building/begumpur-mosque",
  "building/isa-khan-mosque-delhi",
  "building/jami-masjid-firuzabad-delhi",
  "building/kalan-masjid-delhi"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}