{
 "id": "person/hammad-ibn-buluggin",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "hammad-ibn-buluggin",
 "label": {
  "ar": "حماد بن بلكين الحمادي",
  "en": "Hammad ibn Buluggin"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "حماد بن بلكين بن زيري الصنهاجي، مؤسس دولة آل حماد؛ عقد له أخوه المنصور بلكيز على أشير والمسيلة فاستقل بها سنة 398هـ أيام ابن أخيه باديس، ودفعه لحرب زناتة بالمغرب الأوسط من مغراوة وبني يفرن فعظم عناؤه فيها وأثخن فيهم وكان مظفراً عليهم، واختط مدينة القلعة ونقل إليها جراوة من المغرب وأنزلهم بها وتم بناؤها على رأس المائة الرابعة، وشيد مساجدها وفنادقها حتى استبحرت في العمارة ورحل إليها طلاب العلوم وأرباب الصنائع من الثغور والقاصية.",
  "en": "Hammad ibn Buluggin ibn Ziri al-Sanhaji, founder of the Hammadid state; his brother al-Mansur Buluggin invested him with Ashir and Msila and he broke away in 398 AH in his nephew Badis's day, was sent against the Zanata of the Middle Maghreb and worsted them sorely — he founded the fortress-city of the Qal'a, settled Jarawa from the west in it, finished it about the turn of the fifth century, and adorned it with mosques and inns until it drew knowledge-seekers and craftsmen from the frontiers."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "maghreb"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/buyid-seljuk-fatimid-era"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "data": {
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "ruler",
   "military-commander"
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "ابن خلدون، العبر — دولة آل حماد بالقلعة، اختطاط القلعة، ص1639-1640 (طبعة هيليوبوليس)",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "model": "swe-2-high",
   "run": "lib-ibar-east-17"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 1,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High); extracted from Ibn Khaldun al-Ibar via Apple Vision OCR"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "حماد بن بلكين بن زيري الصنهاجي، مؤسس دولة آل حماد في المغرب الأوسط، كما يروي ابن خلدون في «العبر» {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الاستقلال",
     "markdown": "عقد له أخوه المنصور بلكين على أشير والمسيلة، فاستقلّ بهما سنة 398هـ في أيام ابن أخيه باديس {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحرب والقلعة",
     "markdown": "دفعه إلى حرب زناتة بالمغرب الأوسط من مغراوة وبني يفرن، فعظم عناؤه وأثخن فيهم، وكان مظفراً عليهم {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}.\n\nواختطّ مدينة القلعة، ونقل إليها جراوة من المغرب وأنزلهم بها. وتمّ بناؤها على رأس المائة الرابعة، وشيّد مساجدها وفنادقها حتى عمرت، وقصدها طلاب العلوم وأرباب الصنائع {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}.\n\nالصفحات في المصدر غير مثبتة في البيانات، والعبارة «على رأس المائة الرابعة» كما وردت يلزمها تحقق من المصدر."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/hammad-ibn-buluggin",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Hammad ibn Buluggin ibn Zirí al-Sanhaji, founder of the Hammadid dynasty in the central Maghrib, as Ibn Khaldun reports in \"Al-Ibar\". {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Independence",
     "markdown": "His brother al-Mansur Buluggin appointed him over Ashir and al-Masila, and he became independent of them in 398 AH in the days of his nephew Badis. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "War and the fortress",
     "markdown": "He was driven to fight the Zanata of the central Maghrib, among the Maghrawa and the Banu Yifran. His toil was great, he inflicted heavy losses on them, and he was victorious over them. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}.\n\nHe laid out the city of al-Qal'a, and moved the Jarawa from the Maghrib there and settled them in it. Its building was completed at the start of the fourth century AH, and he built its mosques and hostels until it prospered, and seekers of knowledge and craftsmen came to it. {cite:tarikh-ibn-khaldun-ibar}.\n\nThe page numbers in the source are not recorded in the data, and the phrase \"at the start of the fourth century\" as it appears needs to be checked against the source."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/hammad-ibn-buluggin",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}