{
 "id": "person/hubar-ibn-al-aswad",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "hubar-ibn-al-aswad",
 "label": {
  "ar": "هبار بن الأسود",
  "en": "Hubar ibn al-Aswad"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "قرشي من بني أسد؛ ينسب إليه ابن إسحاق أنه نخس زينب بنت النبي لما أرسلها زوجها أبو العاص إلى المدينة فأسقطت، ويرد في رواية أن النبي أمر بتحريقه إن ظُفر به ثم نهى عن التعذيب بالنار؛ أسلم بالجعرانة بعد حنين، وقال له النبي لما سُبّ «سُبّ من سبّك».",
  "en": "A Qurashi of Banu Asad; Ibn Ishaq attributes to him the jostling of the Prophet's daughter Zaynab when her husband Abu al-As sent her to Medina, so that she miscarried, and a report says the Prophet ordered him burned if found and then forbade punishing by fire; he embraced Islam at al-Ji'rana after Hunayn, and when people cursed him the Prophet told him to curse back whoever cursed him."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era",
  "period/rashidun"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "converts-and-leavers"
 ],
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "هبار بن الأسود بن المطلب بن أسد بن عبد العزى بن قصي القرشي الأسدي"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "companion"
  ],
  "traditions": [
   "sunni"
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "companion",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "مذكور في الإصابة ترجمة رقم 8986 (ص 1536).",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sunni",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "note": "ذُكر في كتب الصحابة؛ يُسجَّل ضمن الإطار السني للمتحف (docs/scope.md)."
   }
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الإصابة في تمييز الصحابة، ترجمة 8986، ص 1536",
   "generated_by": "Claude (maintainer session)",
   "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "run": "isaba-batch-7"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; read from al-Isaba (column-aware OCR, page 1536, entry 8986)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "[[person/hubar-ibn-al-aswad|هبار بن الأسود]] بن المطلب بن أسد بن عبد العزى بن قصي القرشي الأسدي، أمه فاختة بنت عامر بن قرظة القشيرية، وأخواه لأمه حزن وهبيرة ابنا أبي وهب المخزوميان {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الواقعة مع زينب",
     "markdown": "يذكر ابن حجر أن السبب في الأمر بتحريقه ما ذكره ابن إسحاق في السيرة أن هباراً نخس [[person/zaynab-bint-muhammad|زينب]] ابنة النبي لما أرسلها زوجها أبو العاص بن الربيع إلى المدينة فأسقطت، و«القصة بذلك مشهورة في السيرة» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "أمر التحريق ونسخه",
     "markdown": "روى ابن إسحاق عن أبي هريرة أن النبي بعث بعثاً هو فيهم، ثم قال: «إن ظفرتم بهبار بن الأسود ونافع بن قيس فحرقوهما بالنار»، فلما كان الغد قال لهم: «إني كنت أمرتكم بتحريق هذين الرجلين... ثم رأيت أنه لا ينبغي لأحد أن يعذب بالنار إلا الله» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1536}. ويتعقب ابن حجر هذه الرواية بأن في سندها أبا إسحاق الدوسي وهو مجهول، وأن طريق الليث عند البخاري وأبي داود والترمذي والنسائي ليس فيها تسمية هبار ولا رفيقه {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "إسلامه",
     "markdown": "يرد ابن حجر على من قال إنه هاجر إلى المدينة بأنه إنما أسلم بـ[[place/al-jirana|الجعرانة]] بعد فتح مكة، وقد قال الزبير بن بكار إنه لما أسلم وقدم المدينة جعلوا يسبونه فذكر ذلك للنبي فقال: «سُبّ مَن سَبّك» فانتهوا عنه {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1536}. وأخرج الواقدي صفة إسلامه من طريق جبير بن مطعم عن أبيه عن جده في منصرف النبي من الجعرانة {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "أخبار أخرى",
     "markdown": "روى عن عمر في فوات الحج أنه أمره بالطواف بالبيت وبين الصفا والمروة {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1537}. وذكر ابن حجر شعراً له خاطب به تويتاً في الجاهلية، وولده علي بن هبار {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.1537}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/hubar-ibn-al-aswad",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "[[person/hubar-ibn-al-aswad|Hubar ibn al-Aswad]] ibn al-Muttalib ibn Asad ibn Abd al-Uzza ibn Qusayy al-Qurashi al-Asadi; his mother Fakhta bint Amir ibn Qurza al-Qushayriyya; his brothers by his mother Hizn and Hubayra, sons of Abu Wahb al-Makhzumi {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The incident with Zaynab",
     "markdown": "Ibn Hajar mentions that the cause of the order to burn him was what Ibn Ishaq related in the Sira — that Hubar prodded [[person/zaynab-bint-muhammad|Zaynab]] the Prophet's daughter when her husband Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi' sent her to Medina, so she miscarried; \"the story of it is famous in the Sira\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The order to burn and its abrogation",
     "markdown": "Ibn Ishaq relates from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet sent a detachment he was among, then said: \"if you overcome Hubar ibn al-Aswad and Nafi' ibn Qays, burn them with fire\"; the next day he told them: \"I had ordered you to burn these two men... then I saw it is not for anyone to punish with fire but God\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1536}. Ibn Hajar criticises this account: in its chain is Abu Ishaq al-Dusi who is unknown, and the route of al-Layth in Bukhari, Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi and al-Nasa'i names neither Hubar nor his companion {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "His Islam",
     "markdown": "Ibn Hajar answers those who said he emigrated to Medina — he only became Muslim at [[place/al-jirana|al-Ji'rrana]] after the conquest of Mecca. Al-Zubayr ibn Bakkar said that when he became Muslim and came to Medina they kept abusing him; he mentioned it to the Prophet, who said: \"curse whoever curses you\" — and they left off {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1536}. Al-Waqidi narrated how he embraced Islam by the route of Jubayr ibn Mut'im from his father from his grandfather, at the Prophet's departure from al-Ji'rrana {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1536}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Other reports",
     "markdown": "He related from Umar, on catching up with the hajj, that he ordered him to make tawaf of the House and between al-Safa and al-Marwa {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1537}. Ibn Hajar mentions verse of his courting Tawiyya in the Jahiliyya, and his son Ali ibn Hubar {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 1537}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/hubar-ibn-al-aswad",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 2,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "group/quraysh",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "group/early-muslims",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-abi-umayya",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-al-zibara",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-khatal",
  "person/abdullah-ibn-sad-ibn-abi-sarh",
  "person/abu-quhafa",
  "person/al-harith-ibn-hisham",
  "person/amr-ibn-al-as"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}