{
 "id": "person/jabala-ibn-al-ayham",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "jabala-ibn-al-ayham",
 "label": {
  "en": "Jabala ibn al-Ayham",
  "ar": "جبلة بن الأيهم"
 },
 "summary": {
  "en": "The last Ghassanid king: after the Yarmuk defeat his dynasty’s role as Rome’s Arab wardens ended, and he entered Islam in the caliphate of Umar, later leaving it for Byzantine territory.",
  "ar": "آخر ملوك الغساسنة: بعد وقعة اليرموك انتهى دور بيته وكلاءً للروم على عرب الشام، وأسلم في عهد عمر بن الخطاب ثم خرج عنه لاحقاً إلى بلاد الروم."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/pre-islamic-arabia"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "wars-and-campaigns"
 ],
 "data": {
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "christian",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "ruler",
    "toward": "group/ghassan",
    "status": "tradition",
    "sources": [
     "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
    ]
   },
   {
    "role": "convert",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "انقاد للإسلام في عهد عمر ثم ارتد في روايات لاحقة — يُسجَّل هنا ما عند المباركفوري.",
    "sources": [
     "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "sources": [
   "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq",
   "source/muhadarat-tarikh-al-umam-al-islamiyya"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin; al-Raheeq al-Makhtum pp. 23–34 (batch 25b)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "نبذة",
     "markdown": "جبلة بن الأيهم: آخر ملوك الغساسنة وكلاء الروم على عرب الشام؛ انقاد للإسلام في عهد عمر."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الحياة",
     "markdown": "لم تزل الغساسنة تتوالى على الشام بصفتهم عمالاً لملوك الروم حتى كانت وقعة اليرموك سنة 13هـ، وانقاد للإسلام آخر ملوكهم جبلة بن الأيهم في عهد عمر بن الخطاب {cite:muhadarat-tarikh-al-umam-al-islamiyya}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "للزوار الصغار",
     "markdown": "جبلة آخر ملوك غسان؛ دخل الإسلام بعد هزيمة اليرموك في زمن الخليفة عمر."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/jabala-ibn-al-ayham",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Jabala ibn al-Ayham: last of the Ghassanid kings, agents of Byzantium over the Arabs of Syria; he yielded to Islam in Umar's reign."
    },
    {
     "heading": "Life",
     "markdown": "The Ghassanids kept ruling Syria in succession as agents of the kings of Byzantium until the battle of Yarmuk in 13 AH, when their last king Jabala ibn al-Ayham yielded to Islam in the reign of Umar ibn al-Khattab {cite:muhadarat-tarikh-al-umam-al-islamiyya}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "For young visitors",
     "markdown": "Jabala is the last king of Ghassan; he entered Islam after the defeat at Yarmuk, in the caliph Umar's time."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/jabala-ibn-al-ayham",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "group/ghassan",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false
  },
  {
   "to": "polity/ghassanid-kingdom",
   "type": "ruler_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "end": {
    "edtf": "0636"
   },
   "sources": [
    "source/mubarakpuri-raheeq"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/ghassan-kings-letter-to-kaab",
  "group/al-azd",
  "polity/ghassanid-kingdom",
  "group/ghassan",
  "event/abyssinian-occupation-of-yemen",
  "event/battle-of-dhu-qar",
  "event/battle-of-khaybar",
  "event/battle-of-the-trench"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}