{ "id": "person/jalil-mammadguluzadeh", "class": "person", "slug": "jalil-mammadguluzadeh", "label": { "ar": "جليل ممدقولوزاده", "en": "Jalil Mammadguluzadeh", "ur": "جلیل محمد قلی زادہ" }, "summary": { "ar": "كاتب ساخر ومربٍّ أذربيجاني (1869–1932؛ سنة مولده متنازع عليها)، مؤسس مجلة «ملا نصر الدين» الساخرة (1906) ومحررها، التي هاجمت الجهل والفساد والتعصب الديني بلغة الشعب، فصارت أوسع مجلات العالم الإسلامي انتشارًا في عصرها وشكّلت النثر الأذربيجاني الحديث.", "en": "Azerbaijani satirist, writer and teacher (1869–1932; his birth year is disputed), founder and editor of the satirical magazine Molla Nasreddin (1906), which attacked ignorance, corruption and religious fanaticism in the language of ordinary people and became the most widely read Muslim periodical of its era.", "ur": "آذربائیجانی طنز نگار، ادیب اور استاد (1869–1932؛ سالِ پیدائش متنازع ہے)، ساتری رسالے «ملا نصرالدین» (1906) کے بانی و مدیر، جس نے عوامی زبان میں جہالت، بدعنوانی اور مذہبی تعصب پر کاری ضرب لگائی۔" }, "stub": false, "wings": [ "people" ], "regions": [ "persia-central-asia" ], "periods": [], "tags": [], "aliases": [], "themes": [], "span": { "earliest": 1869.1437195835642, "latest": 1932.0088023709957 }, "display": { "start": { "edtf": "1869-02-22", "hijri": "1285", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "debated", "derived": true, "note": "Born at Nakhchivan. The English article and the Azerbaijani article's main text give 22 February 1869 (10 February Old Style), and the Azerbaijani article states that recent research has established 1869. The older year 1866 — the queue's year — is given by the Russian article, is preserved in the Azerbaijani article as a reading of some sources, and is implied by his Gori seminary certificate, quoted verbatim in the Azerbaijani article, which in 1887 describes him as aged 21; the English article's statement that he died in 1932 'aged 65' likewise fits 1866 rather than 1869. The record follows 1869 with the dispute stated, not merged. The Hijri year 1285 is the tabular conversion of the recorded date (the 1866 reading would convert to 1282). The museum has no place entity for Nakhchivan, so no born_in edge is written.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru", "source/wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh" ] }, "end": { "edtf": "1932-01-04", "hijri": "1350", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "historical", "derived": true, "note": "Died at Baku on 4 January 1932; the English, Azerbaijani and Russian articles and Wikidata agree. The Hijri year 1350 is the tabular conversion. The museum has no place entity for Baku, so no died_in edge is written.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru", "source/wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh" ] } }, "data": { "names": [ { "value": "Jalil Huseyngulu oghlu Mammadguluzadeh", "kind": "full" }, { "value": "Cəlil Hüseynqulu oğlu Məmmədquluzadə", "kind": "full" }, { "value": "Mirza Jalil", "kind": "alternate" }, { "value": "Jalil Mohammadqolizadeh", "kind": "alternate" } ], "gender": "male", "roles": [ "writer", "teacher", "activist" ], "born": { "edtf": "1869-02-22", "hijri": "1285", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "debated", "derived": true, "note": "Born at Nakhchivan. The English article and the Azerbaijani article's main text give 22 February 1869 (10 February Old Style), and the Azerbaijani article states that recent research has established 1869. The older year 1866 — the queue's year — is given by the Russian article, is preserved in the Azerbaijani article as a reading of some sources, and is implied by his Gori seminary certificate, quoted verbatim in the Azerbaijani article, which in 1887 describes him as aged 21; the English article's statement that he died in 1932 'aged 65' likewise fits 1866 rather than 1869. The record follows 1869 with the dispute stated, not merged. The Hijri year 1285 is the tabular conversion of the recorded date (the 1866 reading would convert to 1282). The museum has no place entity for Nakhchivan, so no born_in edge is written.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru", "source/wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh" ] }, "died": { "edtf": "1932-01-04", "hijri": "1350", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "historical", "derived": true, "note": "Died at Baku on 4 January 1932; the English, Azerbaijani and Russian articles and Wikidata agree. The Hijri year 1350 is the tabular conversion. The museum has no place entity for Baku, so no died_in edge is written.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru", "source/wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh" ] }, "faith": [ { "value": "unknown", "basis": "unknown", "note": "Exactly one attestation of an affiliation exists, and it is a single document. The Azerbaijani article quotes verbatim his 1887 graduation certificate (attestat) from the Transcaucasian Teachers Seminary at Gori, which describes the 21-year-old graduate as 'belonging to the Shia madhhab of Islam' (müsəlman şiə məzhəbinə mənsub): a contemporary administrative record of his registered confession, quoted in one article. No second independent source names any affiliation for him: the English article's 'Religious views' section calls his views disputed — the Azerbaijani philosopher Agalar Mammedov claimed he was an atheist, others read him as a modernist and advocate of Islamic democracy — and concludes that no definitive evidence supports either the atheist or the religious-liberal reading. His father is described in the Azerbaijani article as a devout man, which is family background, and his lifelong satire of clerics and religious fanaticism is a position, not unbelief. Under the Shia-mapping rule and the doubt rule, one document cannot carry a shia-twelver value: his faith is recorded unknown, with the attestat wording preserved here in full. One independent second source attesting Shia affiliation would change this value.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en" ] } ], "external_ids": { "wikidata": "Q2656636" }, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru", "source/wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ar", "source/wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh" ], "provenance": { "layer": "own-research", "source": "English Wikipedia 'Jalil Mammadguluzadeh' (revision 1379011282), Azerbaijani Wikipedia 'Cəlil Məmmədquluzadə' (9041519), Russian Wikipedia 'Мамедкулизаде, Джалил Гусейнкули оглы' (152359995) and Arabic Wikipedia 'جليل ممادقولوزاده' (76471058, a short article whose birthplace wording is flagged in its source file), all read on 26 October 2026, with Wikidata item Q2656636. The queue gives 1866–1932; the record follows the sources' better-supported 1869 at debated status and discloses the 1866 tradition in full. His faith is recorded unknown: the only affiliation attestation is the single 1887 seminary certificate quoted in the Azerbaijani article, as the faith note sets out.", "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)", "run": "century-additions-32" }, "status": { "review": "published", "completeness": 3, "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)" } }, "prose": { "ar": { "sections": [ { "heading": "موجز", "markdown": "جليل ممدقولوزاده (1869–1932؛ سنة مولده متنازع عليها) كاتب ساخر ومربٍّ أذربيجاني، مؤسس مجلة «ملا نصر الدين» الساخرة (1906) ومحررها. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} هاجمت المجلة، بلغة الناس العادية وبرسومها السياسية، الجهل والفساد والتعصب الديني، فصارت أوسع منشورات المسلمين انتشارًا في عصرها. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} ويُعرف بـ«ميرزا جليل»، وبالفارسية جليل محمدقلي‌زاده. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}" }, { "heading": "المسيرة", "markdown": "وُلد في نخجوان، وتنقسم المصادر في السنة: تعطي المقالة الإنجليزية ومتن المقالة الأذربيجانية 22 فبراير 1869 (10 فبراير بالتقويم القديم)، وتنص الأذربيجانية على أن الأبحاث الحديثة أثبتت 1869، بينما تعطي المقالة الروسية 1866، وتحفظ الأذربيجانية 1866 قراءة عند بعض المصادر، وتصف شهادة معهده سنة 1887 عمره بـ21 سنة مما يشير إلى 1866 أيضًا؛ ويتبع سجل بياناته 1869 بصفة «متنازع عليه» مع الإفصاح عن النزاع. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru} {cite:wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh} وكان جدّه بنّاءً حجّارًا من خوي في أذربيجان إيران استقر في نخجوان، وتَصِف المقالة الأذربيجانية أباه بأنه رجل متدين قليل ذات اليد. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} وبعد دراسته في مكاتب نخجوان دخل معهد المعلمين لما وراء القوقاز في غوري وتخرج سنة 1887. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} ودرّس من 1887 إلى 1897 في قرى محافظة إريفان وقضاء نخجوان — أولوخانلي وباش نوراشين ونهرام. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az}\n\nوفي 1906 أسس في تفليس المجلة الساخرة «ملا نصر الدين» وحرّرها، مع انقطاعات وتنقلات منها فترة في تبريز، بقية حياته العملية، واستقر في باكو في السنوات السوفييتية. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-mirza-alakbar-sabir-en} وتزوج سنة 1907 المحسنة والناشطة النسوية حميدة جوانشير. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} وتوفي في باكو في 4 يناير 1932؛ وقول المقالة الإنجليزية إنه توفي «ابن 65» يناسب سنة 1866 المنافسة لا سنتها هي 1869، وهو تناقض مفصح عنه في سجل بياناته. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru}" }, { "heading": "الأعمال", "markdown": "أول قصصه المهمة «اختفاء الحمار» (1894)، من سلسلة «قصص من قرية داناباش» التي لم تُنشر كاملة إلا سنة 1934، عالجت اللامساواة الاجتماعية. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} وفي قصص لاحقة مثل «صندوق البريد» و«الدستور الإيراني» و«قربان علي بك» و«الحمل»، وفي الكوميديين «الموتى» و«مجمع المجانين»، سخر من الفساد والغرور والجهل والتعصب الديني. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} وكانت مجلة «ملا نصر الدين» (1906)، وصابر من أبرز كتّابها، عمله الأكبر: فمقالة صابر الإنجليزية تذكر أنها كانت صاحبة أوسع جمهور بين منشورات المسلمين في عصر ثورة 1905 الروسية، من الفولغا إلى جنوب آسيا. {cite:wikipedia-mirza-alakbar-sabir-en}" }, { "heading": "المواقف والنقد", "markdown": "هذا القسم يعرض المواقف كما ترويها المصادر، وليس حكمًا من المتحف.\n\n**الشهادة والنزاع.** توجد شهادة انتماء وحيدة لممدقولوزاده: شهادة تخرجه من معهد غوري سنة 1887، المنقولة حرفيًا في المقالة الأذربيجانية، تصف الخريج بأنه «منتمٍ إلى المذهب الشيعي الإسلامي» (müsəlman şiə məzhəbinə mənsub). {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} ويصف قسم «آراؤه الدينية» في المقالة الإنجليزية آراءه بأنها متنازع عليها: ادعى الفيلسوف الأذربيجاني أغالار محمدوف أنه كان ملحدًا، ويراه آخرون حديثيًا وداعية إلى ديمقراطية إسلامية، وتخلص المقالة إلى أنه لا دليل قاطعًا يدعم دعوى الإلحاد أو دعوى الليبرالية الدينية. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} ووثيقة معاصرة وحيدة منقولة في مقالة واحدة لا تحمل قيمة «شيعي اثنا عشري» بموجب قاعدة رسم الشيعة، ودعوى الإلحاد بدورها قول عالم واحد إزاء مقالة لا تجد دليلًا قاطعًا؛ فسُجلت ديانته «غير معروفة» مع حفظ القراءتين هنا وفي سجل بياناته. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}\n\n**السخرية والإصلاح.** جلب عليه نقده للأرثوذكسية الدينية والمحافظة أعداء كثيرين في الوسط الديني المحافظ، كما تذكر المقالة الإنجليزية. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} وتنسب إليه المقالة العربية تأسيس أول حركة لمساواة النساء في أذربيجان والشرق. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ar} ويسجل المتحف السخرية موقفًا دافع عنه في الطباعة؛ فسخرية رجال الدين ليست في ذاتها شهادة عدم إيمان أو انتماء. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}" }, { "heading": "المراجع", "markdown": "- كيانات المصادر المعرّفة المذكورة أعلاه، مسجلة في `data/source/`.\n- يجب أن تكون مراجعات هذه المقالة مؤرخة، وأن تسمي المصدر الذي غيّر كل واقعة." } ], "frontmatter": { "id": "person/jalil-mammadguluzadeh", "lang": "ar", "source_lang": "ar", "translators": [] }, "updated": "2026-10-26" }, "en": { "sections": [ { "heading": "Summary", "markdown": "Jalil Mammadguluzadeh (1869–1932; his birth year is disputed) was an Azerbaijani satirist, writer and teacher, founder and editor of the satirical magazine Molla Nasreddin (1906). {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} Written in the language of ordinary people and carried by political cartoons, the magazine attacked ignorance, corruption and religious fanaticism and became the most widely read Muslim periodical of its era. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} He is known as Mirza Jalil, and in Persian as Jalil Mohammadqolizadeh. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}" }, { "heading": "Career", "markdown": "He was born at Nakhchivan, and the sources divide on the year: the English article and the Azerbaijani article's main text give 22 February 1869 (10 February Old Style), with the Azerbaijani article stating that recent research has established 1869, while the Russian article gives 1866, the Azerbaijani article preserves 1866 as a reading of some sources, and his 1887 seminary certificate describes him as aged 21, which also points to 1866; his data record follows 1869 at debated status and discloses the dispute. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru} {cite:wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh} His grandfather was a stonemason from Khoy in Iranian Azerbaijan who settled in Nakhchivan, and his father is described in the Azerbaijani article as a devout man of modest means. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} After schooling in Nakhchivan's maktabs he entered the Transcaucasian Teachers Seminary at Gori and graduated in 1887. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} From 1887 to 1897 he taught in villages of the Erivan Governorate and the Nakhchivan district — Ulukhanli, Bash Norashen and Nehram. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az}\n\nIn 1906 he founded the satirical magazine Molla Nasreddin in Tiflis and edited it, with interruptions and changes of city — including a period in Tabriz — for the rest of his working life, settling in Baku in the Soviet years. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-mirza-alakbar-sabir-en} In 1907 he married the philanthropist and feminist activist Hamida Javanshir. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} He died at Baku on 4 January 1932; the English article's statement that he died \"aged 65\" fits the rival 1866 birth year rather than its own 1869, an inconsistency disclosed in his data record. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru}" }, { "heading": "Works", "markdown": "His first significant short story, \"The Disappearance of the Donkey\" (1894), part of the Stories from the Village of Danabash cycle published in full only in 1934, treated social inequality. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} In later stories such as \"The Postbox\", \"The Iranian Constitution\", \"Gurban Ali bey\" and \"The Lamb\", and in the comedies The Dead (Ölülər) and The Madmen Gathering, he ridiculed corruption, snobbery, ignorance and religious fanaticism. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} The magazine Molla Nasreddin (1906), with Sabir among its leading writers, was his largest work: the English article on Sabir records that it had the largest audience of all Muslim publications of the 1905 Russian Revolution era, with readership from the Volga to South Asia. {cite:wikipedia-mirza-alakbar-sabir-en}" }, { "heading": "Positions and criticism", "markdown": "This section sets out positions as reported in the sources; it is not a verdict by the museum.\n\n**The certificate and the dispute.** Exactly one attestation of an affiliation exists for Mammadguluzadeh: his 1887 graduation certificate from the Gori seminary, quoted verbatim in the Azerbaijani article, describes the graduate as \"belonging to the Shia madhhab of Islam\". {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} The English article's \"Religious views\" section calls his views disputed: the Azerbaijani philosopher Agalar Mammedov claimed he was an atheist, others view him as a modernist and an advocate of Islamic democracy, and the article concludes that no definitive evidence exists supporting the claim that he was either an atheist or a religious liberal or moderate. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} One contemporary document quoted in one article cannot carry a shia-twelver value under the Shia-mapping rule, and the atheist claim is likewise a single scholar's claim against an article that finds no definitive evidence; his faith is therefore recorded as unknown, with both readings preserved here and in his data record. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}\n\n**Satire and reform.** His criticism of religious orthodoxy and conservatism made him many enemies in the religious conservative community, as the English article records. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} The Arabic article credits him with founding the first movement for women's equality in Azerbaijan and the East. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ar} The museum records the satire as a position he argued in print; satire of clerics is not, in itself, an attestation of unbelief or of any affiliation. {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}" }, { "heading": "Sources", "markdown": "- The defined source entities cited above, recorded in `data/source/`.\n- Revisions of this article must be dated, and must name the source that changed each fact." } ], "frontmatter": { "id": "person/jalil-mammadguluzadeh", "lang": "en", "source_lang": "ar", "translators": [] }, "updated": "2026-10-26" }, "ur": { "sections": [ { "heading": "خلاصہ", "markdown": "جلیل محمد قلی زادہ (1869–1932؛ سالِ پیدائش متنازع ہے) آذربائیجانی طنز نگار، ادیب اور استاد تھے، ساتری رسالے «ملا نصرالدین» (1906) کے بانی و مدیر۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} رسالے نے عوامی زبان اور سیاسی کارٹونوں کے ذریعے جہالت، بدعنوانی اور مذہبی تعصب پر ضرب لگائی اور اپنے دور کا سب سے زیادہ پڑھا جانے والا مسلم جریدہ بنا۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}" }, { "heading": "زندگی و کیریئر", "markdown": "وہ نخچیوان میں پیدا ہوئے؛ سال میں اختلاف ہے — انگریزی مقالہ اور آذربائیجانی مقالے کا متن 22 فروری 1869 دیتے ہیں اور آذربائیجانی مقالہ کہتا ہے کہ جدید تحقیق نے 1869 ثابت کیا، جبکہ روسی مقالہ 1866 دیتا ہے اور ان کا 1887 کا مدرسہ سرٹیفکیٹ عمر 21 سال بتاتا ہے جو 1866 کی طرف اشارہ کرتا ہے؛ ریکارڈ 1869 کو متنازع درج کرتا ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru} {cite:wikidata-jalil-mammadguluzadeh} آذربائیجانی مقالہ ان کے والد کو متقی و کم وسیلہ شخص بیان کرتا ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} وہ گوری کے اساتذہ مدرسے سے 1887 میں فارغ ہوئے اور 1897 تک دیہات میں پڑھاتے رہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} 1906 میں «ملا نصرالدین» جاری کیا، کچھ عرصہ تبریز سے بھی نکالا، اور 1907 میں حمیدہ جوانشیر سے شادی کی۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} وفات 4 جنوری 1932 کو باکو میں ہوئی۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-ru}" }, { "heading": "کام", "markdown": "ان کی پہلی اہم کہانی «گدھے کا گم ہونا» (1894) سماجی نابرابری پر تھی؛ بعد کی کہانیوں اور کامیڈیوں «مردے» اور «پاگلوں کا مجمع» میں بدعنوانی، جہالت اور مذہبی تعصب کا مذاق اڑایا۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} «ملا نصرالدین» ان کا سب سے بڑا کام تھا، جس کے نمایاں مصنفین میں صابر شامل تھے۔ {cite:wikipedia-mirza-alakbar-sabir-en}" }, { "heading": "موقف و نقد", "markdown": "یہ قسم مآخذ کی روایت کردہ مواقف پیش کرتا ہے؛ یہ عجائب گھر کا فیصلہ نہیں۔\n\nوابستگی کی واحد شہادت ان کا 1887 کا گوری مدرسہ سرٹیفکیٹ ہے، جسے آذربائیجانی مقالہ حرف بہ حرف نقل کرتا ہے اور جو فارغ التحصیل کو «اسلام کے شیعہ مذہب سے منسلک» بیان کرتا ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} انگریزی مقالے کا «مذہبی آراء» حصہ ان کی آراء کو متنازع کہتا ہے: فلسفی آغالار محمدوف نے انہیں ملحد کہا، دوسرے انہیں جدیدیت پسند سمجھتے ہیں، اور مقالہ نتیجہ دیتا ہے کہ کسی دعوے کا قطعی ثبوت موجود نہیں۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} ایک ہی دستاویز ایک ہی مقالے میں «شیعہ اثنا عشری» کی قدر نہیں دے سکتی، اس لیے ریکارڈ میں مذہب «نامعلوم» ہے اور دونوں روایات محفوظ ہیں۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-az} {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en} علما کی طنزیہ تنقید ایک موقف ہے، بے ایمانی کی شہادت نہیں۔ {cite:wikipedia-jalil-mammadguluzadeh-en}" }, { "heading": "مآخذ", "markdown": "- اوپر مذکور معرّف مآخذ، جو `data/source/` میں درج ہیں۔\n- اس مضمون کی ہر نظرِ ثانی مؤرخ ہو اور ہر تبدیلی کا ماخذ نامزد کرے۔" } ], "frontmatter": { "id": "person/jalil-mammadguluzadeh", "lang": "ur", "source_lang": "ar", "translators": [] }, "updated": "2026-10-26" } }, "degree": 2, "contemporaries": [ "person/abd-al-qadir-al-maghribi", "person/abdulmecid-ii", "person/abdurreshid-ibrahim", "person/adly-yakan-pasha", "person/ahmad-al-hamlawi", "person/ahmad-rasim", "person/ahmed-cevdet-oran", "person/ahmed-shawqi", "person/alikhan-bukeikhanov", "person/alimardan-topchubashev", "person/alladiya-khan", "person/ashraf-ali-thanwi" ], "updated": "2026-10-26", "connections": [ { "to": "person/hamida-javanshir", "type": "spouse_of", "inverse": true, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-hamida-javanshir-en", "source/wikipedia-hamida-javanshir-az", "source/wikipedia-hamida-javanshir-ru" ] } ], "related": [ "person/hamida-javanshir" ], "license": { "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "data": "CC0 1.0" } }