{
 "id": "person/meher-ali-shah",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "meher-ali-shah",
 "label": {
  "ar": "مهر علي شاه",
  "en": "Meher Ali Shah",
  "ur": "پیر مہر علی شاہ"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "عالم ومتصوف وشاعر بنجابي (1859–1937)، وُلد في غولرة شريف وتوفي فيها. بايع خواجة شمس الدين السيالوي على الطريقة الجشتية النظامية ونال منه الخلافة، وعُرف عالمًا حنفيًا وقائدًا للحركة المناهضة للأحمدية، وله «سيف جشتيائي» و«تصفية ما بين السنة والشيعة» وشعر بنجابي مشهور.",
  "en": "Punjabi scholar, Sufi and poet (1859–1937), born at Golra Sharif and died there. He took bay'ah with Khawaja Shams-ud-din Sialvi in the Chishti Nizami order and received khilafa from him, was known as a Hanafi scholar, led the anti-Ahmadiyya movement, and wrote Saif-e-Chishtiyai, Tasfiah Mabain Sunni wa Shi'ah and celebrated Punjabi poetry.",
  "ur": "پنجابی عالم، صوفی اور شاعر (1859ء–1937ء)، گولڑہ شریف میں پیدا ہوئے اور وہیں وصال ہوا۔ خواجہ شمس الدین سیالوی سے سلسلہ چشتیہ نظامیہ میں بیعت ہوئے اور خلافت سے نوازے گئے، حنفی عالم مانے جاتے تھے اور تحریکِ مخالفِ قادیانیت کے قائد تھے؛ ان کی مشہور تصانیف میں «سیفِ چشتیائی» اور «تصفیہ مابین سنی و شیعہ» شامل ہیں۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "south-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1859.2817785443917,
  "latest": 1937.3586726626513
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1859-04-14",
   "hijri": "1275",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born 14 April 1859 at Golra Sharif, corresponding to 1 Ramadan 1275 AH (Urdu article's birth section; the English and Arabic articles and Wikidata agree on 14 April 1859. The Urdu article's opening line gives 4 April, against its own birth section, and is not followed). Golra Sharif has no place entity, so no born_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur",
    "source/wikidata-meher-ali-shah"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1937-05-11",
   "hijri": "1356",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died 11 May 1937 at Golra Sharif, on 29 Safar 1356 AH (English article's death narrative and the Urdu article agree; Wikidata gives the same date), and his tomb stands at Golra Sharif. No place entity exists for Golra Sharif, so no died_in or buried_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur",
    "source/wikidata-meher-ali-shah"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "Syed Meher Ali Shah",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "سيد مهر علي شاه",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Mehr Ali Shah",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "scholar",
   "mystic",
   "poet"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1859-04-14",
   "hijri": "1275",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born 14 April 1859 at Golra Sharif, corresponding to 1 Ramadan 1275 AH (Urdu article's birth section; the English and Arabic articles and Wikidata agree on 14 April 1859. The Urdu article's opening line gives 4 April, against its own birth section, and is not followed). Golra Sharif has no place entity, so no born_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur",
    "source/wikidata-meher-ali-shah"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1937-05-11",
   "hijri": "1356",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died 11 May 1937 at Golra Sharif, on 29 Safar 1356 AH (English article's death narrative and the Urdu article agree; Wikidata gives the same date), and his tomb stands at Golra Sharif. No place entity exists for Golra Sharif, so no died_in or buried_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur",
    "source/wikidata-meher-ali-shah"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sufi",
    "basis": "documented",
    "note": "Two independent texts state his personal discipleship and authorisation in the Chishti order, which is the lane's test for a sufi segment. The English text states that he was a disciple and khalifa of Khawaja Shams-ud-din Sialvi of Sial Sharif in the Silsila-e-Chishtia Nizamiyah, and that his biography also records a khilafa from Haji Imdadullah in Mecca. The Urdu text, independently written, states that he took bay'ah at Shams-ud-din Sialvi's hand in the Chishtiyya Nizamiya Sulaymaniya and was granted khilafa.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
     "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur"
    ]
   },
   {
    "value": "sunni-hanafi",
    "basis": "documented",
    "note": "Two independent texts name his school personally. The English text's lead describes him as belonging to the Chishti order and known as a Hanafi scholar; the Urdu text, independently written, likewise calls him a Hanafi scholar (حنفی عالم) in its account of his character and work. His tariqa affiliation and his madhhab are recorded as separate segments, neither inferred from the other; Wikidata's single religion value (Sunni Islam) is a structured value and is not counted.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
     "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q6809463"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
   "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar",
   "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur",
   "source/wikidata-meher-ali-shah"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "English Wikipedia 'Meher Ali Shah' (revision 1378743170), Arabic Wikipedia 'مهر علي شاه' (revision 76614039) and Urdu Wikipedia 'پیر مہر علی شاہ' (revision 12168582), each fetched by its recorded revision id with the returned id asserted equal before use, and Wikidata item Q6809463 (item revision 2557544071). The Arabic article's core is a translation of the English and is counted as the same text family; the Urdu article is independently written. Existence checks by name fragments (meher, mehr, مهر علي شاه), by Arabic label across data/person, by biography and by QID found no prior record for this man. No person record exists for his teacher Shams-ud-din Sialvi, so no student_of edge is written; the member_of edge to group/chishtiyya is written once, here, in the subject's own record. The lane queue gives 1859–1937; the sources agree.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-76"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "بير مهر علي شاه (14 نيسان 1859 – 11 أيار 1937) باحث وشاعر صوفي من البنجاب في الهند البريطانية (باكستان الحالية)، ينتمي إلى الطريقة الجشتية ويُعرف بأنه عالم حنفي قاد الحركة المناهضة للأحمدية، وله كتب بالأردية والفارسية أبرزها «سيف جشتيائي» في نقد حركة ميرزا غلام أحمد.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar} وتؤرخ المقالة الأردية مولده في غولرة شريف بيوم 14 نيسان 1859 الموافق 1 رمضان 1275 هـ.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "نشأته وتعليمه",
     "markdown": "حفظ القرآن في صغره وتلقى تعليمه الأول في مدرسة خانقاه وفي مدرسة محلية درس فيها الأردية والفارسية، ثم أكمل تعليمه في أنغه وهو في الخامسة عشرة، وانطلق لطلب العلم في أرجاء الهند: لكهنؤ ورامبور وكانبور وعليكرة وبهوي وسهارنبور، وأقام في عليكرة في مدرسة لطف الله سنتين ونصفًا.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar}{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "بيعته وخلافته",
     "markdown": "بايع خواجة شمس الدين السيالوي من سيال شريف على الطريقة الجشتية النظامية بعد تحصيله العلوم وعودته من الهند، وكان في تلك الفترة يطالع كتب كبار الصوفية كـ«فصوص الحكم» و«الفتوحات المكية» لابن عربي.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar} وتصيغ المقالة الأردية البيعة بمصطلحات الطريقة نفسها: بايع على يد شمس الدين السيالوي في السلسلة الجشتية النظامية السليمانية ونال الخلافة.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur} وسيرته «مهر منير» تذكر أن الحاج إمداد الله أجازه بالخلافة أيضًا حين زاره في مكة.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "عقائده ومؤلفاته",
     "markdown": "كان مؤيدًا لمذهب ابن عربي في وحدة الوجود مع تمييزه بين الخالق والمخلوق، وكان مرجعًا في «الفتوحات المكية» حتى إن محمد إقبال كتب إليه سنة 1933 في سياق محاضرة في كامبريدج عن مفهوم المكان والزمان عند ابن عربي قائلًا إنه لم يبقَ في الهند كلها من يستشيره في هذا الأمر، غير أن تأمل الشيخ ومرضه حالا دون الرد.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en} ومن مؤلفاته «تصفية ما بين السنة والشيعة»، وهو رسالة فارسية بيّن فيها الفروق العقدية بين السنة والشيعة بأسلوب علمي قصد به تخفيف العداء المذهبي، و«شمس الهداية» و«تحقيق الحق في كلمة الحق» و«فتاوى مهرية» و«ملفوظات مهر علي شاه».{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar} وفي سنة 1903 افتتح المسجد الجامع المركزي التاريخي في راولبندي، الذي بُني رمزًا لوحدة المسلمين، إلى جانب ملك أفغانستان المخلوع أيوب خان.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفاته وأثره",
     "markdown": "أصابه في صفر 1356 هـ زكام تطوّر إلى حمى التيفوئيد، فتوفي صباح 29 صفر الموافق 11 أيار 1937 في غولرة شريف حيث يقوم ضريحه.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur} ويُحتفل بعرسه ثلاثة أيام من 27 إلى 29 صفر كل سنة فيقصده آلاف المريدين من أنحاء باكستان، وأصدر بريد باكستان طابعًا تذكاريًا له ضمن سلسلة الأولياء الصوفية سنة 2013، وسُميت باسمه جامعة بير مهر علي شاه للزراعة القاحلة في راولبندي.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المراجع",
     "markdown": "{{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar}} {{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}} {{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}} {{cite:wikidata-meher-ali-shah}}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/meher-ali-shah",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Pir Meher Ali Shah (14 April 1859 – 11 May 1937) was a Punjabi Muslim Sufi scholar and mystic poet from Punjab, British India (present-day Pakistan). Belonging to the Chishti order, he is known as a Hanafi scholar who led the anti-Ahmadiyya movement, and he composed poetry in Punjabi and wrote several books in Urdu and Persian.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en} The Urdu article dates his birth at Golra Sharif to 14 April 1859, corresponding to 1 Ramadan 1275 AH.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Early life and education",
     "markdown": "He received his early religious education at a khanqah school and attended classes in Urdu and Persian at the local madrasa; after completing his education at Angah at the age of fifteen, he pursued higher studies across India — Lucknow, Rampur, Kanpur, Aligarh, Bhui and Saharanpur — staying two and a half years at Aligarh at the madrasa of Lutfullah.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Discipleship",
     "markdown": "He was a disciple and khalifa of Khawaja Shams-ud-din Sialvi of Sial Sharif in the Silsila-e-Chishtia Nizamiyah, and his biography Meher-e-Muneer records that he was also made a khalifa by Haji Imdadullah, when he visited the latter in Mecca.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en} The Urdu article gives the initiation in the order's own terms: he took bay'ah at Sialvi's hand in the Chishtiyya Nizamiya Sulaymaniya and was granted khilafa.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Beliefs and works",
     "markdown": "He was a supporter of Ibn Arabi's doctrine of Wahdat-ul-Wujood, while making a distinction between the Creator and creation, and he was an authority on Ibn Arabi's Meccan Illuminations; in 1933 Muhammad Iqbal wrote to him from the context of a Cambridge lecture on Ibn Arabi's concept of space and time, saying there was now nobody in all Hindustan whom he could consult in this matter, though the Shah's meditation and ill health prevented a reply.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en} His best-known book is Saif-e-Chishtiyai (\"The Sword of the Chishti Order\"), a polemical work against the Ahmadiyya movement of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad; among his lesser-known works is Tasfiah Mabain Sunni wa Shi'ah, a Persian treatise setting out the doctrinal distinctions between Sunni and Shia while aiming to reduce sectarian animosity.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en} In 1903 he inaugurated Rawalpindi's historic Markazi Jamia Masjid, built as a symbol of Muslim unity, alongside the deposed Afghan king Ayub Khan.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Death and legacy",
     "markdown": "In Safar 1356 AH (April 1937) he fell ill with a cold that developed into typhoid fever, and he died on the morning of 29 Safar — 11 May 1937 — at Golra Sharif, where his tomb stands.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur} His three-day urs is held every year from 27 to 29 Safar and draws thousands of devotees from across Pakistan; Pakistan Post issued a commemorative stamp for him in its Sufi saints series in 2013, and the Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University in Rawalpindi is named after him.{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "References",
     "markdown": "{{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}} {{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar}} {{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}} {{cite:wikidata-meher-ali-shah}}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/meher-ali-shah",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "پیر سید مہر علی شاہ (14 اپریل 1859ء – 11 مئی 1937ء) سلسلہ عالیہ چشتیہ کے عظیم روحانی بزرگ، عالم اور شاعر تھے، جو گولڑہ شریف میں پیدا ہوئے۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur} انگریزی مضمون انھیں چشتی سلسلے سے وابستہ حنفی عالم اور تحریکِ مخالفِ قادیانیت کا قائد بتاتا ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "تعلیم و تربیت",
     "markdown": "انھوں نے چار سال کی عمر میں پڑھنا شروع کیا، خانقاہ کی درسگاہ اور مقامی مدرسے سے ابتدائی تعلیم حاصل کی، پھر انگہ سے تکمیل کے بعد اعلیٰ تعلیم کے لیے لکھنؤ، رامپور، کانپور، علی گڑھ، بھوئی اور سہارنپور کا سفر کیا؛ علی گڑھ میں مولانا لطف اللہ کے مدرسے میں ڈھائی سال رہے۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "بیعت و خلافت",
     "markdown": "انگہ کے قیام کے دوران وہ مولانا حافظ سلطان محمود کے ساتھ سیال شریف خواجہ شمس الدین سیالوی چشتی کی زیارت کے لیے جایا کرتے تھے؛ چنانچہ وہ سلسلہ چشتیہ نظامیہ سلیمانیہ میں شمس الدین سیالوی کے دست پر بیعت ہوئے اور خلافت سے نوازے گئے۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur} ان کی سوانح «مہرِ منیر» کے مطابق مکہ میں حاجی امداد اللہ نے بھی انھیں خلیفہ بنایا۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "خدمات و تصانیف",
     "markdown": "آپ ایک پیر کامل، رہنما اور حنفی عالم مانے جاتے ہیں اور قادیانی فرقے کے سخت ترین مخالف تھے؛ انھوں نے مرزا غلام احمد قادیانی کے مناظرے کے چیلنج کو قبول کیا، اور ختمِ نبوت کے دفاع میں «سیفِ چشتیائی» لکھی۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur} ان کی دیگر تصانیف میں «تحقیق الحق فی کلمۃ الحق»، «شمس الہدایہ»، «تصفیہ مابین سنی و شیعہ»، «فتاویٰ مہریہ» اور «ملفوظات مہر علی شاہ» شامل ہیں۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وصال",
     "markdown": "منگل کے دن 29 صفر المظفر 1356ھ بمطابق 11 مئی 1937ء کو ان کا وصال ہوا اور ان کا مزار شریف گولڑہ شریف میں ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur} ان کا تین روزہ عرس ہر سال 27 تا 29 صفر منعقد ہوتا ہے؛ پاکستان پوسٹ نے 2013 میں ان کی یاد میں ڈاک ٹکٹ جاری کیا اور راولپنڈی کی پیر مہر علی شاہ زرعی جامعہ ان کے نام پر ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "حوالہ جات",
     "markdown": "{{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur}} {{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en}} {{cite:wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ar}} {{cite:wikidata-meher-ali-shah}}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/meher-ali-shah",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  }
 },
 "degree": 2,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abdurreshid-ibrahim",
  "person/alladiya-khan",
  "person/jamaat-ali-shah",
  "person/turangzai-haji-saheb",
  "person/leyla-saz",
  "person/rizaeddin-bin-fakhraddin",
  "person/togolok-moldo",
  "person/muhammad-bakhit-mutii",
  "person/badreddin-al-hasani",
  "person/yahya-dowlatabadi",
  "person/musa-al-husayni",
  "person/ibrahim-njoya"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-26",
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "group/chishtiyya",
   "type": "member_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-en",
    "source/wikipedia-meher-ali-shah-ur"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "person/ashraf-ali-thanwi",
  "person/khwaja-ghulam-farid",
  "person/khwaja-hasan-nizami",
  "person/mahmud-hasan-deobandi",
  "person/muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi",
  "person/waris-ali-shah",
  "group/chishtiyya"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}