{
 "id": "person/muhammad-i-jalabi",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "muhammad-i-jalabi",
 "label": {
  "ar": "محمد الأول جلبي"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "السلطان محمد الأول (٧٨١–٨٢٤هـ/١٣٧٩–١٤٢١م)، المعروف بمحمد جلبي؛ تولى أمر الأمة بعد وفاة والده بايزيد وتغلب على إخوته واحداً واحداً حتى خلص له الأمر وقضى سنّي حكمه الثماني في إعادة بناء الدولة وتوطيد أركانها، ويعتبره بعض المؤرخين المؤسس الثاني للدولة العثمانية. اشترك أثناء حكمه في أربع وعشرين حرباً وأُصيب بأربعين جرحاً، واستعمل الحزم مع الحلم فيمن قهرهم، وسالم إمبراطور القسطنطينية وحالفه. وهو أول سلطان عثماني أرسل الهدية السنوية إلى أمير مكة المعروفة بالصرّة توزع على فقراء مكة والمدينة. أحبه شعبه وأطلقوا عليه لقب «بهلوان» أي البطل لنشاطه الجمّ وشجاعته، وقال له على فراش الموت: عينت ابني مراد خليفة لي فأطعه {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 76-77}.",
  "en": "Mehmed I (1379–1421 CE) — 'the second founder' who reunified the Ottoman state after the Timurid interregnum, fought in twenty-four wars, and first sent the annual surra gift to the Amir of Mecca {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p. 76-77}."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people",
  "time"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "anatolia-balkans"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/mongol-post-mongol"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1379.0008692854747,
  "latest": 1421.9996988301975
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1379",
   "hijri": "0781",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1421",
   "hijri": "0824",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "محمد بن بايزيد الأول"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "ruler",
   "military"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1379",
   "hijri": "0781",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1421",
   "hijri": "0824",
   "calendar": "julian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "tradition",
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الدولة العثمانية لعلي محمد الصلابي (ط1 1421) ص 76-77",
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High) from Apple Vision OCR",
   "run": "lib-salabi-uthmani-batch-1"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Devin (SWE-2 High)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "السلطان محمد الأول (781–824هـ / 1379–1421م)، المعروف بمحمد جلبي، وهو ابن [[person/bayazid-i-yildirim|بايزيد الأول]]. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}\n\nتولى أمر الدولة بعد وفاة أبيه، وتغلب على إخوته واحداً واحداً حتى خلص له الأمر. وقضى سنوات حكمه الثماني في إعادة بناء الدولة وتوطيدها، ويعدّه بعض المؤرخين المؤسس الثاني للدولة العثمانية. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}\n\nيذكر الصلابي أنه اشترك في أربع وعشرين حرباً وأصيب بأربعين جرحاً. وسالم إمبراطور القسطنطينية وحالفه. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}\n\nوهو أول سلطان عثماني أرسل إلى أمير مكة الهدية السنوية المعروفة بالصرّة، توزع على فقراء مكة والمدينة. وأحبه شعبه ولقبوه «بهلوان» أي البطل. وقال لابنه مراد على فراش الموت إنه عيّنه خليفة له وأمره بطاعته. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/muhammad-i-jalabi",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Overview",
     "markdown": "Sultan Muhammad I (781–824 AH / 1379–1421 CE), known as Muhammad Celebi, son of [[person/bayazid-i-yildirim|Bayezid I]]. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Reign",
     "markdown": "He took power after his father's death, and overcame his brothers one by one until the rule was settled for him. He spent his eight years of rule rebuilding and consolidating the state, and some historians count him the second founder of the Ottoman state. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}\n\nAl-Salabi says that he took part in twenty-four wars and was wounded forty times, and that he made peace with and allied himself to the emperor of Constantinople. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}\n\nHe was the first Ottoman sultan to send the annual gift known as the *surra* to the amir of Mecca, to be distributed among the poor of Mecca and Medina. His people loved him and called him \"Bahlawan\", that is the hero. On his deathbed he told his son Murad that he had appointed him his successor and ordered him to obey him. {cite:dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi p.76-77}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/muhammad-i-jalabi",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Claude Haiku 5.5 (claude-haiku-5-5), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 4,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/al-abbi-muhammad",
  "person/al-barzali-abu-al-qasim",
  "person/al-hisni-taqi-al-din-abu-bakr-ibn-muhammad",
  "person/husayn-ibn-abd-al-rahman-al-ahdal",
  "person/abd-allah-ibn-miqdad-al-aqfahsi",
  "person/khalil-ibn-muhammad-al-aqfahsi-abu-al-safa",
  "person/abd-al-rahman-al-tha-alibi",
  "person/al-sharif-al-jurjani-ali-ibn-muhammad",
  "person/ahmadi-taj-al-din-ibrahim-ibn-khidr",
  "person/al-abshihi-muhammad-ibn-ahmad",
  "person/aq-shams-al-din",
  "person/ibn-duqmaq"
 ],
 "connections": [
  {
   "to": "person/bayazid-i-yildirim",
   "type": "child_of",
   "inverse": false,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "to": "person/murad-ii-uthmani",
   "type": "parent_of",
   "inverse": true,
   "sources": [
    "source/dawlat-uthmaniyya-salabi"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "related": [
  "event/battle-ankara-804",
  "event/battle-kosovo-ii-852",
  "event/battle-varna-848",
  "person/mehmed-ii",
  "person/murad-i-uthmani",
  "person/bayazid-i-yildirim",
  "person/murad-ii-uthmani"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}