{ "id": "person/muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi", "class": "person", "slug": "muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi", "label": { "ar": "محمد زكريا الكاندهلوي", "en": "Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi", "ur": "محمد زکریا کاندھلوی" }, "summary": { "ar": "عالم ومحدّث هندي (1898–1982) من كاندهلة، شيخ الحديث في مظاهر علوم سهارانبور وابن أخي محمد إلياس الكاندهلوي مؤسس جماعة التبليغ. بايع خليل أحمد السهارنبوري ونال منه الخلافة، وألّف «أوجز المسالك» و«فضائل أعمال» التي صارت نصاب جماعة التبليغ، وجاور في أواخر حياته المدينة المنورة ودُفن في البقيع.", "en": "Indian scholar and hadith master (1898–1982) of Kandhla, Shaykh al-Hadith of Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur and the nephew of Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi, founder of the Tablighi Jamaat. He gave bay'ah to Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri and received khilafah from him, wrote Awjaz al-Masalik and the Fada'il-e-A'mal that became the Tablighi Jamaat's curriculum, and spent his last years in Medina, where he was buried in al-Baqi.", "ur": "بھارتی عالم اور محدث (1898ء–1982ء) جن کا تعلق کاندھلہ سے تھا، مظاہر علوم سہارنپور کے شیخ الحدیث اور تبلیغی جماعت کے بانی محمد الیاس کاندھلوی کے بھتیجے۔ خلیل احمد سہارنپوری سے بیعت کی اور ان سے خلافت حاصل کی، «اوجز المسالک» اور «فضائل اعمال» تصنیف کیں جو تبلیغی جماعت کا نصاب بنی، اور آخری عمر مدینہ منورہ میں گزاری اور جنت البقیع میں دفن ہوئے۔" }, "stub": false, "wings": [ "people" ], "regions": [ "south-asia" ], "periods": [], "tags": [], "aliases": [], "themes": [], "span": { "earliest": 1898.088872461447, "latest": 1982.3945050206053 }, "display": { "start": { "edtf": "1898-02-02", "hijri": "1315", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "historical", "derived": true, "note": "Born at Kandhla on 2 February 1898, which the English biography text and the Arabic article both pair with 11 Ramadan 1315 AH. The English article's age template computes from 3 February instead, and Wikidata carries competing values of 3 and 12 February; neither is followed against the two texts' explicit Hijri pairing. Kandhla has no place entity, so no born_in edge is written.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar", "source/wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi" ] }, "end": { "edtf": "1982-05-24", "hijri": "1402", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "historical", "derived": true, "note": "Died at Medina on 24 May 1982 and was buried the same day in Jannat al-Baqi, as the English article's death account states in detail; the Arabic article confirms his residence in Medina at the end of his life. Wikidata also carries a 24 May 1983 value, which is not followed. The Hijri year is a conversion.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar", "source/wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi" ] } }, "data": { "names": [ { "value": "Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi", "kind": "full" }, { "value": "محمد زكريا الكاندهلوي", "kind": "full" }, { "value": "محمد زکریا کاندھلوی", "kind": "full" }, { "value": "Muhammad Zakariya Siddiqi Kandhlawi Saharanpuri Muhajir Madani", "kind": "alternate" }, { "value": "Shaykh al-Hadith", "kind": "laqab" }, { "value": "شيخ الحديث", "kind": "laqab" }, { "value": "Kandhlawi", "kind": "nisba" } ], "gender": "male", "roles": [ "scholar", "mystic", "writer", "teacher" ], "born": { "edtf": "1898-02-02", "hijri": "1315", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "historical", "derived": true, "note": "Born at Kandhla on 2 February 1898, which the English biography text and the Arabic article both pair with 11 Ramadan 1315 AH. The English article's age template computes from 3 February instead, and Wikidata carries competing values of 3 and 12 February; neither is followed against the two texts' explicit Hijri pairing. Kandhla has no place entity, so no born_in edge is written.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar", "source/wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi" ] }, "died": { "edtf": "1982-05-24", "hijri": "1402", "calendar": "gregorian", "precision": "day", "status": "historical", "derived": true, "note": "Died at Medina on 24 May 1982 and was buried the same day in Jannat al-Baqi, as the English article's death account states in detail; the Arabic article confirms his residence in Medina at the end of his life. Wikidata also carries a 24 May 1983 value, which is not followed. The Hijri year is a conversion.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar", "source/wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi" ] }, "faith": [ { "value": "sufi", "basis": "documented", "note": "Two independent texts state his personal bay'ah and khilafa, which is the lane's test for a sufi segment. The English text states that in 1333 AH (1915) he gave bay'ah at the hand of Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri, taking him as his spiritual guide, and that his shaykh later conferred khilafah on him in four silsilas — Chishtiyya, Suhrawardiyya, Qadiriyya and Naqshbandiyya — on the Encyclopaedia of Islam's authority as cited there. The Arabic text, independently written, states that he kept to his shaykh Khalil Ahmad, who granted him a general ijaza and made him his khalifa. A Sunni-Hanafi reading is preserved but not recorded as a segment: the English lead calls him a Sunni Hanafi hadith scholar of the Deobandi school, and his student rule of testing hadith against Hanafi fiqh appears in the same article, but no second independent text names Sunni or Hanafi for him — the Urdu and Arabic texts name neither — so the naming rests on one text and stands one attestation short. His tariqa affiliation and his school are kept separate, neither inferred from the other.", "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar" ] } ], "external_ids": { "wikidata": "Q658773" }, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar", "source/wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi" ], "provenance": { "layer": "own-research", "source": "English Wikipedia 'Zakariyya Kandhlawi' (revision 1378132773), Urdu Wikipedia 'محمد زکریا کاندھلوی' (revision 12034805) and Arabic Wikipedia 'محمد زكريا الكاندهلوي' (revision 76114765), each fetched by its recorded revision id with the returned id asserted equal before use, and Wikidata item Q658773 (item revision 2557102877). The three articles are independently written. Existence checks by name fragments (zakariya, zakariyya, زکریا, زكريا), by Arabic label across data/person, by biography and by QID found no prior record for this man. The student_of edge follows the two texts' bay'ah and ijaza statements toward Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri, whose record exists as person/khalil-ahmad-al-saharanpuri. The related_to edge records the kinship the English lead and the Urdu text state: he is the nephew of Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi — Zakariya is Ilyas's nephew — and the target record, person/muhammad-ilyas-kandhlawi, is written in this same run (wave 78 §B); the edge is written once, here, and is not reciprocated in the uncle's record. The member_of edge to group/chishtiyya follows the khilafah attested in the English text, his defining tariqa identity as the Chishti Sabiri-Imdadi line; the four-silsila khilafah is carried in the faith note rather than as four group edges. Kandhla and Saharanpur have no place entities. The lane queue gives 1898–1982, which the article texts confirm against Wikidata's split values, as the date notes record.", "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)", "run": "century-additions-78" }, "status": { "review": "published", "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)" } }, "prose": { "ar": { "sections": [ { "heading": "موجز", "markdown": "محمد زكريا الكاندهلوي المدني (2 شباط 1898 – 24 أيار 1982) محدّث هندي من كاندهلة، شيخ الحديث في مظاهر علوم سهارانبور وابن أخي محمد إلياس الكاندهلوي مؤسس جماعة التبليغ.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur} تصفه المقالة الإنجليزية في صدرها بأنه عالم حديث سني حنفي من المدرسة الديوبندية، وصار كتابه «فضائل أعمال» نصاب جماعة التبليغ.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}" }, { "heading": "نشأته وتعليمه", "markdown": "وُلد في كاندهلة لإحدى عشرة ليلة خلت من رمضان سنة 1315هـ / 2 شباط 1898م، الابن الوحيد لمحمد يحيى الكاندهلوي؛ ويحسب قالب العمر في المقالة الإنجليزية من 3 شباط، وتحمل ويكيداتا أيضاً 3 و12 شباط.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi} نُقل طفلاً إلى كنكوه حيث كان والده مقيماً عند رشيد أحمد الكنكوهي، ثم انتقل مع والده سنة 1328هـ إلى سهارانبور للدراسة في مظاهر علوم، فقرأ كتب الحديث على والده، ثم قرأ صحيح البخاري وسنن الترمذي على خليل أحمد السهارنفوري سنة 1334هـ وساعده في تأليف «بذل المجهود» شرح سنن أبي داود.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}" }, { "heading": "بيعته وخلافته", "markdown": "أعطى البيعة سنة 1333هـ (1915م) على يد خليل أحمد السهارنفوري متخذاً إياه مرشداً روحياً.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} وتذكر المقالة العربية أنه لزم شيخه خليل أحمد الذي أجازه إجازة عامة وخلّفه، وتذكر المقالة الإنجليزية أن شيخه منحه الخلافة في أربع سلاسل: الجشتية والسهروردية والقادرية والنقشبندية.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}" }, { "heading": "تدريسه ومؤلفاته", "markdown": "عُيّن مدرساً في مظاهر علوم سنة 1916 وهو في الثامنة عشرة، وتدرج حتى درّس كتب دورة الحديث ودرّس صحيح البخاري كاملاً ست عشرة مرة قبل أن يوقف ألم العين (الماء الأبيض) تدريسه سنة 1968.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} من مؤلفاته «أوجز المسالك» شرح موطأ مالك في ستة مجلدات، و«خصائص نبوي»، وسلسلة «فضائل» التي صار «فضائل أعمال» منها قراءة لازمة في جماعة التبليغ.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} وأيّد طوال حياته جماعة التبليغ التي أسسها عمه.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}" }, { "heading": "وفاته", "markdown": "مرض في المدينة المنورة في 16 أيار 1982 وتوفي فيها في 24 أيار 1982، ودُفن في اليوم نفسه في جنة البقيع قرب حظيرة أهل بيت النبي كما أوصى.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} وتحمل ويكيداتا أيضاً قيمة وفاة بـ24 أيار 1983 لا يؤيدها سرد المقالة المفصّل.{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi}" }, { "heading": "المراجع", "markdown": "{{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}} {{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}} {{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}} {{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi}}" } ], "frontmatter": { "id": "person/muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi", "lang": "ar", "source_lang": "ar", "translators": [] }, "updated": "2026-10-27" }, "en": { "sections": [ { "heading": "Summary", "markdown": "Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi (2 February 1898 – 24 May 1982) was an Indian hadith scholar of Kandhla, Shaykh al-Hadith of Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur and the nephew of Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi, the founder of the Tablighi Jamaat.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur} The English article's lead calls him a Sunni Hanafi hadith scholar of the Deobandi school; his Fada'il-e-A'mal became the Tablighi Jamaat's curriculum.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}" }, { "heading": "Early life and education", "markdown": "He was born at Kandhla on 11 Ramadan 1315 AH (2 February 1898), the only son of Muhammad Yahya Kandhlawi; the English article's age template computes from 3 February and Wikidata carries 3 and 12 February as well.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi} At two he moved to Gangoh, where his father lived with Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, and in 1910 he went with his father to Saharanpur to attend Mazahir Uloom, studying the hadith collections under his father and, in 1916, reading Sahih al-Bukhari and Jami' al-Tirmidhi a second time under Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri, whom he assisted on the Badhl al-Majhud commentary.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}" }, { "heading": "Bay'ah and khilafah", "markdown": "In 1333 AH (1915) he gave bay'ah at the hand of Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri, taking him as his spiritual guide.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} The Arabic article states that he kept to his shaykh Khalil Ahmad, who granted him a general ijaza and made him his khalifa, and the English article records that his shaykh conferred khilafah on him in four silsilas — Chishtiyya, Suhrawardiyya, Qadiriyya and Naqshbandiyya.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}" }, { "heading": "Teaching and works", "markdown": "He was appointed a teacher at Mazahir Uloom in 1916 at eighteen, rose to teach the dawrah books of hadith, and taught Sahih al-Bukhari in full sixteen times before cataracts ended his teaching in 1968.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} His works include Awjaz al-Masalik, his six-volume commentary on Malik's Muwatta, Khasa'il-i Nabawi, and the Faza'il series, of which Fada'il-e-A'mal is required reading in the Tablighi Jamaat; his essays are described by the Oxford profile cited in the article as required reading for the movement's people.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} He supported the Tablighi Jamaat founded by his uncle throughout his life.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}" }, { "heading": "Death", "markdown": "He fell ill at Medina on 16 May 1982 and died there on 24 May 1982; his body was buried the same day in Jannat al-Baqi, near the enclosure of the Prophet's family, as he had wished.{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} Wikidata also carries a 24 May 1983 death value, which the article's detailed account does not support.{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi}" }, { "heading": "References", "markdown": "{{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}} {{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}} {{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}} {{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi}}" } ], "frontmatter": { "id": "person/muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi", "lang": "en", "source_lang": "ar", "translators": [] }, "updated": "2026-10-27" }, "ur": { "sections": [ { "heading": "خلاصہ", "markdown": "محمد زکریا کاندھلوی (2 فروری 1898ء – 24 مئی 1982ء) بھارتی محدث تھے، مظاہر علوم سہارنپور کے شیخ الحدیث اور تبلیغی جماعت کے بانی محمد الیاس کاندھلوی کے بھتیجے۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} اردو مضمون انھیں اکابرین علمائے دیوبند میں سے قرار دیتا ہے اور ان کی مشہور تصنیف «فضائل اعمال» کو تبلیغی جماعت کا تبلیغی نصاب بتاتا ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur} انگریزی مضمون انھیں صدر میں دیوبندی مکتب کے سنی حنفی محدث کہتا ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}" }, { "heading": "ابتدائی زندگی و تعلیم", "markdown": "11 رمضان 1315ھ / 2 فروری 1898ء کو کاندھلہ میں پیدا ہوئے، محمد یحییٰ کاندھلوی کے اکلوتے صاحبزادے تھے؛ انگریزی مضمون کا عمر قالب 3 فروری سے حساب کرتا ہے اور وکیڈیٹا 3 اور 12 فروری بھی رکھتا ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi} دو برس کی عمر میں گنگوہ گئے جہاں والد رشید احمد گنگوہی کے پاس مقیم تھے، پھر 1328ھ میں والد کے ساتھ سہارنپور جا کر مظاہر علوم میں داخل ہوئے، والد سے کتبِ حدیث پڑھیں اور 1334ھ میں خلیل احمد سہارنپوری سے صحیح بخاری و جامع ترمذی دوبارہ پڑھے اور «بذل المجہود» کی تالیف میں ان کے معاون بنے۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}" }, { "heading": "بیعت و خلافت", "markdown": "1333ھ (1915ء) میں خلیل احمد سہارنپوری کے دست پر بیعت کی اور انھیں اپنا روحانی مرشد بنایا۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} عربی مضمون لکھتا ہے کہ وہ اپنے شیخ خلیل احمد سے وابستہ رہے جنھوں نے انھیں اجازۂ عامہ عطا کی اور اپنا خلیفہ بنایا، اور انگریزی مضمون کے مطابق شیخ نے انھیں چار سلاسل — چشتیہ، سہروردیہ، قادریہ اور نقشبندیہ — میں خلافت عطا کی۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}" }, { "heading": "تدریس و تصانیف", "markdown": "1916ء میں اٹھارہ برس کی عمر میں مظاہر علوم میں مدرس مقرر ہوئے، دورۂ حدیث کی کتابیں پڑھائیں اور صحیح بخاری مکمل سولہ بار پڑھائی یہاں تک کہ 1968ء میں موتیا بند نے تدریس روک دی۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} ان کی تصانیف میں «اوجز المسالک» (موطا مالک کی چھ جلدوں میں شرح)، «خصائص نبوی» اور سلسلۂ فضائل شامل ہیں جن میں سے «فضائل اعمال» تبلیغی جماعت کی لازمی مطالعہ کتاب ہے۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} انھوں نے عمر بھر اپنے چچا کی قائم کردہ تبلیغی جماعت کی حمایت کی۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}" }, { "heading": "وفات", "markdown": "16 مئی 1982ء کو مدینہ منورہ میں بیمار پڑے اور 24 مئی 1982ء کو وہیں انتقال ہوا؛ اسی دن جنت البقیع میں اہلِ بیت کی حظیرے کے قریب ان کی وصیت کے مطابق دفن کیے گئے۔{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en} وکیڈیٹا 24 مئی 1983ء کی بھی ایک قدر رکھتا ہے جس کی تائید مضمون کے مفصل بیان سے نہیں ہوتی۔{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi}" }, { "heading": "حوالہ جات", "markdown": "{{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur}} {{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en}} {{cite:wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar}} {{cite:wikidata-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi}}" } ], "frontmatter": { "id": "person/muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi", "lang": "ur", "source_lang": "ar", "translators": [] }, "updated": "2026-10-27" } }, "degree": 12, "contemporaries": [ "person/abdul-hai-arifi", "person/abdullah-musawi-shirazi", "person/hamid-aytac", "person/hassanein-makhlouf", "person/idris-senussi", "person/khan-abdul-ghaffar-khan", "person/mohammad-ali-araki", "person/muhammad-zafrullah-khan", "person/tawfiq-al-hakim", "person/uzair-gul-peshawari", "person/sultan-al-atrash", "person/firaq-gorakhpuri" ], "updated": "2026-10-27", "connections": [ { "to": "person/khalil-ahmad-al-saharanpuri", "type": "student_of", "inverse": false, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ar" ] }, { "to": "person/muhammad-ilyas-kandhlawi", "type": "related_to", "inverse": false, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en", "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-ur" ] }, { "to": "group/chishtiyya", "type": "member_of", "inverse": false, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en" ] }, { "to": "group/deobandiyya", "type": "member_of", "inverse": false, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en" ] }, { "to": "place/medina", "type": "died_in", "inverse": false, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en" ] }, { "to": "place/medina", "type": "buried_in", "inverse": false, "sources": [ "source/wikipedia-muhammad-zakariya-kandhlawi-en" ] } ], "related": [ "person/mahmud-hasan-deobandi", "person/ashraf-ali-thanwi", "person/husain-ahmad-madani", "person/kifayatullah-dehlvi", "group/deobandiyya", "person/muhammad-ilyas-kandhlawi", "building/masjid-al-qiblatayn", "building/prophets-mosque" ], "license": { "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "data": "CC0 1.0" } }