{
 "id": "person/murtuza-mukhtarov",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "murtuza-mukhtarov",
 "label": {
  "ar": "مرتضى مختاروف",
  "en": "Murtuza Mukhtarov",
  "ur": "مرتضیٰ مختاروف"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "صناعي نفط ومليونير أذربيجاني (1857–1920؛ تعطي الروسية وويكيبيانات 1855)، مهندس حفر عصامي صاحب براءات اختراع، بنى قصر مختاروف في باكو وموّل مسجد أميرجان ومسجد فلاديقفقاز وأعمالًا خيرية واسعة؛ مات في قصره يوم دخول الجيش الأحمر باكو سنة 1920.",
  "en": "Azerbaijani oil industrialist and millionaire (1857–1920; the Russian article and Wikidata give 1855), a self-taught drilling engineer with patents to his name, who built the Mukhtarov Palace in Baku and funded the Amirjan mosque, the Vladikavkaz mosque and wide philanthropy; he died at his palace on the day the Red Army took Baku in 1920.",
  "ur": "آذربائیجانی تیل صنعت کار اور کروڑ پتی (1857–1920؛ روسی مضمون اور ویکی ڈیٹا 1855 دیتے ہیں)؛ خود آموز ڈرلنگ انجینئر، باکو میں مختاروف محل کے بانی اور امیرجان و ولادی قفقاز کی مساجد کے کفیل؛ 1920 میں باکو پر سرخ فوج کے قبضے کے دن اپنے محل میں انتقال ہوا۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "persia-central-asia"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1857.0011020075704,
  "latest": 1920.323415265169
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1857",
   "hijri": "1273",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born at Amirjan village near Baku into a poor family. The year is split: the English and Azerbaijani articles give 1857 (the English article itself prints the year queried, '1857?'), while the Russian article and Wikidata give 1855. The record follows 1857, the reading of two of the three articles, with 1855 disclosed; the queue's 1865 is given by NO consulted source and is not followed. The Hijri year 1273 is the tabular conversion of the recorded year. The museum has no place entity for Amirjan or Baku, so no born_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en",
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az",
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru",
    "source/wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov"
   ]
  },
  "end": {
   "edtf": "1920-04-28",
   "hijri": "1338",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died at his Baku palace on 28 April 1920: as Red Army soldiers entered the residence during the Bolshevik takeover of Azerbaijan he shot several of them and then himself, per the English article. Wikidata gives only the month (April 1920). The Hijri year 1338 is the tabular conversion. The museum has no place entity for Baku, so no died_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en",
    "source/wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "Murtuza Mukhtar oghlu Mukhtarov",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Murtuza Muxtarov",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Murtuza Muhtarov",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "businessman",
   "philanthropist"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1857",
   "hijri": "1273",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "year",
   "status": "debated",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born at Amirjan village near Baku into a poor family. The year is split: the English and Azerbaijani articles give 1857 (the English article itself prints the year queried, '1857?'), while the Russian article and Wikidata give 1855. The record follows 1857, the reading of two of the three articles, with 1855 disclosed; the queue's 1865 is given by NO consulted source and is not followed. The Hijri year 1273 is the tabular conversion of the recorded year. The museum has no place entity for Amirjan or Baku, so no born_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en",
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az",
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru",
    "source/wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov"
   ]
  },
  "died": {
   "edtf": "1920-04-28",
   "hijri": "1338",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Died at his Baku palace on 28 April 1920: as Red Army soldiers entered the residence during the Bolshevik takeover of Azerbaijan he shot several of them and then himself, per the English article. Wikidata gives only the month (April 1920). The Hijri year 1338 is the tabular conversion. The museum has no place entity for Baku, so no died_in edge is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en",
    "source/wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "No consulted article names an affiliation for Mukhtarov himself: the English, Azerbaijani and Russian texts are all silent on his personal religion. Wikidata's only religion value is the Bahá'í Faith (Q22679), and it is referenced ONLY as imported from a Wikimedia project — no article in any consulted language attests it, for or against; an isolated structured value of that kind cannot carry a segment under the lane's two-source rule and doubt rule, and it is preserved here precisely so the anomaly is on record rather than silently dropped or silently followed. The Russian article describes the Vladikavkaz mosque he financed as a Sunni mosque and quotes a decision of that mosque's Sunni parish — the affiliation of an institution he patronised, not of the man; his mosque-building at Amirjan and Vladikavkaz and his dome over a scholar's grave are patronage, which the lane rule excludes. His faith is therefore recorded unknown.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov",
     "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru",
     "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q4309013"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en",
   "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az",
   "source/wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru",
   "source/wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "English Wikipedia 'Murtuza Mukhtarov' (revision 1372860532), Azerbaijani Wikipedia 'Murtuza Muxtarov' (9135014) and Russian Wikipedia 'Мухтаров, Муртуза Мухтар оглы' (152346266), all read on 26 October 2026, with Wikidata item Q4309013 (its religion value's label and reference re-verified the same day). BRIEF CORRECTION: the queue gives his years as 1865–1920; no consulted source gives 1865 — the articles split between 1857 (English, Azerbaijani) and 1855 (Russian, Wikidata) — and the record follows 1857 at debated status, as the born note sets out. His faith is recorded unknown; Wikidata's anomalous Bahá'í value is preserved in the faith note, not followed.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-33"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "completeness": 3,
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "مرتضى مختاروف (1857–1920 بالقراءة التي يتبعها هذا السجل؛ وتعطي المقالة الروسية وويكيبيانات 1855) صناعي نفط ومليونير أذربيجاني، مهندس حفر عصامي انتشرت اختراعاته في العالم، وباني قصر مختاروف في باكو ومموّل مسجدي أميرجان وفلاديقفقاز وأعمال خيرية واسعة. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "النشأة والمسيرة",
     "markdown": "وُلد في أسرة فقيرة في قرية أميرجان قرب باكو — تقول المقالة الأذربيجانية إنها أسرة عريجي — وكان صبيًا ينقل البضائع بين باكو وتفليس مع أخيه. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az} وفي 1874 بدأ العمل في مناجم زبرات وبالاخاني، فتنبّه مقاول لقدرته وعلّمه معدات الحفر ثم باعه منصة الورشة؛ وجمع أهل أميرجان المال لمساعدته، وعلّم نفسه الرسم التقني والهندسة. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} وفي 1890 أسس شركته الخاصة للحفر، فنمت إلى قسمين و2,500 عامل يصنعون آلات الأبراج ويحفرون الآبار في حقول باكو وفي مايكوب وغروزني. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} خدمت منصته «بودرات» مناطق بالاخاني وسوراخاني ورامانا وسابونتشو؛ وفي 1895 بنى أول منصة حفر بقضبان معدنية — «نظام باكو للحفر» المسجل باسمه — وانتشرت أداة الحفر المعروفة باسمه «مختاروف» في بلدان كثيرة؛ وافتتح أيضًا مصنعًا لمعدات الحفر في بيبي هيبات، أول مشروع من نوعه لمعدات النفط، بمساكن من ثلاثة طوابق لعماله. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "أوقافه ومبانيه",
     "markdown": "موّل مختاروف مسجدًا ومدرسة في أميرجان (1910) — ترتفع مئذنتاه التوأم 46 مترًا ولا يزال المسجد قائمًا للعبادة — وسبعة عشر مبنى في أبشيرون، وقبة على قبر الأخوند ميرزا أبو تراب في بيرحسن، ومسجد فلاديقفقاز على نهر تيريك. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} وكان راعيًا لمدرسة باكو الحقيقية وثانوية تيميرخان شورا للبنات، وعضوًا في الجمعية الخيرية المسلمة في سانت بطرسبرغ، ومؤسسًا لأربعين منحة دراسية؛ ورعى مع زوجته ليزا خانم المطربة فاطمة مختاروفا، وأقاما في قصرهما مدرسة داخلية للبنات الفقيرات واليتيمات، مقرًّا منذ 1914 لأول جمعية خيرية نسائية مسلمة أسستها ليزا خانم. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} وفي 1911–1912 بنى له المعماري يوزف بلوشكو القصر القوطي في وسط باكو هدية لزوجته؛ وهو اليوم قصر تسجيل الزواج. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en}\n\nوتروي المقالة الإنجليزية قصة مسجد فلاديقفقاز قصةَ خطبة: زار مختاروف المدينة فأحبّ النبيلة الأوسيتية ليزا خانم، فرفض والداها خاطبًا لم يولد في النبلاء — فبنى المسجد العظيم على ضفة التيريك، وبعدها صار الرفض مستحيلًا. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} ولم يرزق الزوجان أطفالًا فتفرغا للإحسان. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "وفاته",
     "markdown": "في 28 أبريل 1920، أثناء استيلاء البلاشفة على أذربيجان، دخل جنود الجيش الأحمر قصره؛ فأطلق مختاروف النار على عدد منهم ثم قتل نفسه في القصر. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "المواقف والنقد",
     "markdown": "يعرض هذا القسم المواقف كما ترويها المصادر، وهو ليس حكمًا يصدره المتحف.\n\n**معتقده.** لا تنصّ أي مقالة من المقالات المستشارة على انتماء مختاروف الديني. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} وهناك شيئان قد يبدوان شهادة ويُسجَّلان هنا ليرى القارئ لماذا لم يُعتدّ بأيٍّ منهما. فقيمة الديانة الوحيدة عنده في ويكيبيانات هي «البهائية» — لكن مرجعها الوحيد استيراد من أحد مشروعات ويكيميديا، ولا تسندها أي مقالة بالإنجليزية أو الأذربيجانية أو الروسية؛ وقيمة بنيوية مستوردة وحيدة لا تحمل مقطع عقيدة وفق قواعد المتحف. {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov} وتصف المقالة الروسية مسجد فلاديقفقاز الذي موّله بأنه مسجد سني، ناقلة قرارًا لرعية ذلك المسجد السنية — وهو انتماء مؤسسة رعاها، لا انتماء الرجل نفسه. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} ولذلك سُجّلت عقيدته «غير معروفة»، مع حفظ الشيئين كليهما في سجل بياناته."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/murtuza-mukhtarov",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "Murtuza Mukhtarov (1857–1920 by the reading this record follows; the Russian article and Wikidata give 1855) was an Azerbaijani oil industrialist and millionaire, a self-taught drilling engineer whose inventions were exported worldwide, and the builder of Baku's Mukhtarov Palace and of mosques at Amirjan and Vladikavkaz. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Early life and career",
     "markdown": "He was born into a poor family at Amirjan village near Baku — the Azerbaijani article says a cart-driver's family — and as a boy carried cargoes between Baku and Tiflis with his brother. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az} In 1874 he began work at the mines around Zabrat and Balakhani, where a contractor recognised his ability, taught him drilling equipment and eventually sold him the workshop rig; the villagers of Amirjan collected money to help him, and he taught himself technical drawing and engineering. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} In 1890 he founded his own drilling company, which grew to two divisions and 2,500 workers manufacturing derrick machinery and boring wells across the Baku fields and at Maykop and Grozny. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} His \"Podrat\" drilling rig served the Balakhani, Surakhani, Ramana and Sabunchu districts; in 1895 he built the first drilling rig with metal rods — his patented \"Baku Drilling System\" — and his drilling tool, known simply as the \"Mukhtarov\", was exported to many countries; he also opened a drilling-equipment plant at Bibiheybat, the first oil-equipment enterprise of its kind, with three-storey housing for its workers. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Philanthropy and buildings",
     "markdown": "Mukhtarov funded a mosque and school at Amirjan (1910) — its twin minarets rise 46 metres, and the mosque still serves as a place of worship — seventeen buildings across Absheron, a dome over the grave of Akhund Mirza Abu Turab at Pirhasan, and the mosque on the Terek at Vladikavkaz. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} He was patron of the Baku Real College and the Temirkhan-Shura girls' gymnasium, a member of the St Petersburg Muslim Charitable Society, and founder of forty scholarships; with his wife Liza-Khanum he sponsored the singer Fatma Mukhtarova and ran a boarding school for poor and orphan girls in their palace, seat from 1914 of the first Female Muslim Philanthropic Society, which Liza-Khanum founded. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} In 1911–1912 he had Józef Plośko build the Gothic Revival palace in central Baku as a gift for his wife; it is now the Palace of Marriage Registrations. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en}\n\nThe English article tells the Vladikavkaz mosque's story as a courtship: visiting the city, Mukhtarov fell in love with the Ossetian noblewoman Liza-Khanum, whose parents refused a suitor not born to nobility — whereupon he built the magnificent mosque on the bank of the Terek, after which refusal was impossible. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} The couple had no children and devoted themselves to philanthropy. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Death",
     "markdown": "On 28 April 1920, as the Bolshevik takeover of Azerbaijan unfolded, Red Army soldiers entered his palace; Mukhtarov shot several of them and then killed himself in the residence. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Positions and criticism",
     "markdown": "This section sets out positions as reported in the sources; it is not a verdict by the museum.\n\n**His confession.** No consulted article states Mukhtarov's own religious affiliation. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} Two pieces of evidence might look like attestations and are recorded here so the reader can see why neither is used. Wikidata's only religion value for him is the Bahá'í Faith — but its sole reference is an import from a Wikimedia project, and no article in English, Azerbaijani or Russian supports it; a lone imported structured value cannot carry a faith segment under the museum's rules. {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov} And the Russian article describes the Vladikavkaz mosque he financed as a Sunni mosque, quoting a decision of that mosque's Sunni parish — the affiliation of an institution he patronised, not of the man himself. {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} His faith is therefore recorded unknown, with both items preserved in his data record."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/murtuza-mukhtarov",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "مرتضیٰ مختاروف (اس ریکارڈ کی قرأت کے مطابق 1857–1920؛ روسی مضمون اور ویکی ڈیٹا 1855 دیتے ہیں) آذربائیجانی تیل صنعت کار اور کروڑ پتی تھے، خود آموز ڈرلنگ انجینئر جن کی ایجادات دنیا بھر میں برآمد ہوئیں؛ باکو کے مختاروف محل اور امیرجان و ولادی قفقاز کی مساجد کے بانی و کفیل۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "کیریئر اور فلاحی کام",
     "markdown": "وہ باکو کے قریب امیرجان گاؤں میں غریب گھرانے میں پیدا ہوئے اور بچپن میں بھائی کے ساتھ باکو و تفلس کے درمیان بار برداری کرتے رہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az} 1874 میں زبرات و بالاخانی کی کانوں میں کام شروع کیا؛ ایک ٹھیکیدار نے ان کی اہلیت پہچانی، اور گاؤں والوں کی مدد سے وہ آگے بڑھے۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} 1890 میں اپنی ڈرلنگ کمپنی قائم کی جو 2,500 ملازمین تک پھیلی؛ 1895 میں دھاتی سلاخوں والی پہلی ڈرلنگ رگ — ان کا پیٹنٹ شدہ «باکو ڈرلنگ سسٹم» — بنائی۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} انہوں نے امیرجان میں مسجد و اسکول (1910)، آبشیرون میں سترہ عمارتیں اور ولادی قفقاز میں دریائے تیریک کے کنارے مسجد بنوائی؛ بیکو ریئل کالج اور لڑکیوں کے جمنازیم کے سرپرست اور چالیس وظائف کے بانی رہے؛ اہلیہ لیزا خانم کے ساتھ یتیم و غریب لڑکیوں کا بورڈنگ اسکول چلایا۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} 1911–1912 میں اہلیہ کے لیے گوتھک طرز کا محل بنوایا جو آج شادیوں کے اندراج کا محل ہے۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} 28 اپریل 1920 کو، باکو پر بالشویک قبضے کے دوران، انہوں نے اپنے محل میں داخل ہونے والے سرخ سپاہیوں پر فائرنگ کی اور پھر خود کشی کر لی۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "موقف اور تنقید",
     "markdown": "اس حصے میں مواقف ماخذ کے بیان کے مطابق پیش کیے گئے ہیں؛ یہ عجائب گھر کا فیصلہ نہیں۔\n\n**ان کا عقیدہ۔** کسی مضمون نے مختاروف کا ذاتی مذہبی تعلق نہیں بتایا۔ {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-en} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-az} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} دو چیزیں گواہی جیسی لگ سکتی ہیں اور یہاں اس لیے درج ہیں کہ قاری دیکھ سکے کہ دونوں کیوں قابلِ قبول نہیں: ویکی ڈیٹا کی واحد مذہبی قدر «بہائی مذہب» ہے، مگر اس کا واحد حوالہ ایک ویکیمیڈیا منصوبے سے درآمد ہے اور کوئی مضمون اس کی تائید نہیں کرتا؛ اور روسی مضمون ولادی قفقاز کی مسجد کو — جس کی انہوں نے مالی مدد کی — سنی مسجد کہتا ہے، جو اس ادارے کا تعلق ہے، انسان کا نہیں۔ {cite:wikidata-murtuza-mukhtarov} {cite:wikipedia-murtuza-mukhtarov-ru} لہٰذا ان کا عقیدہ «نامعلوم» درج ہے اور دونوں باتیں ان کے ڈیٹا ریکارڈ میں محفوظ ہیں۔"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/murtuza-mukhtarov",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-26"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/abadi-bano-begum",
  "person/ahmad-al-hamlawi",
  "person/ahmed-raza-khan-barelvi",
  "person/akbar-allahabadi",
  "person/ali-hajji-of-akusha",
  "person/alladiya-khan",
  "person/amadou-bamba",
  "person/badreddin-al-hasani",
  "person/barkatullah-bhopali",
  "person/deli-fuad-pasha",
  "person/el-hadj-malik-sy",
  "person/emily-ruete"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-26",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}