{
 "id": "person/rached-ghannouchi",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "rached-ghannouchi",
 "label": {
  "ar": "راشد الغنوشي",
  "en": "Rached Ghannouchi",
  "ur": "راشد الغنوشی"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "راشد الغنوشي (ولد سنة 1941)، سياسي ومفكر تونسي، شريك مؤسس لحركة النهضة وقائدها منذ سنة 1991؛ سُجن في عهدي بورقيبة وبن علي وعاش منفيا في لندن اثنين وعشرين عاما، ثم عاد بعد ثورة 2011 وصار رئيسا لمجلس نواب الشعب (2019–2021)، وهو مسجون في تونس منذ سنة 2023.",
  "en": "Rached Ghannouchi (born 1941) is a Tunisian politician and thinker, co-founder of the Ennahda Movement and its leader since 1991. Imprisoned under Bourguiba and Ben Ali and exiled in London for twenty-two years, he returned after the 2011 revolution, became Speaker of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People (2019–2021), and has been imprisoned in Tunisia since 2023.",
  "ur": "راشد الغنوشی (پیدائش 1941ء) تیونس کے سیاست دان اور مفکر ہیں، النہضہ تحریک کے شریک بانی اور 1991ء سے اس کے رہنما؛ بورقیبہ اور بن علی کے عہد میں قید رہے اور لندن میں بائیس سال جلاوطن رہے، پھر 2011ء کے انقلاب کے بعد واپس آئے، پارلیمنٹ کے اسپیکر بنے (2019ء–2021ء)، اور 2023ء سے تیونس میں قید ہیں۔"
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people",
  "living"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "maghreb"
 ],
 "periods": [],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [],
 "span": {
  "earliest": 1941.4710089871799,
  "latest": 1941.473746894155
 },
 "display": {
  "start": {
   "edtf": "1941-06-22",
   "hijri": "1360",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born on 22 June 1941 at El Hamma in the province of Gabès, in the French protectorate of Tunisia; all three articles and Wikidata agree on the date, and the English article cites Tamimi's biography for the village near El Hamma. The Hijri year 1360 is a tabular conversion, marked derived. El Hamma has no place entity in the museum, so no born_in relation is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en",
    "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ur",
    "source/wikidata-rached-ghannouchi"
   ]
  }
 },
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "value": "راشد الغنوشي",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Rached Ghannouchi",
    "kind": "full"
   },
   {
    "value": "Rashad Khriji",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "راشد الخريجي",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Rachid al-Ghannouchi",
    "kind": "alternate"
   },
   {
    "value": "Rached el-Ghannouchi",
    "kind": "alternate"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "politician",
   "writer"
  ],
  "born": {
   "edtf": "1941-06-22",
   "hijri": "1360",
   "calendar": "gregorian",
   "precision": "day",
   "status": "historical",
   "derived": true,
   "note": "Born on 22 June 1941 at El Hamma in the province of Gabès, in the French protectorate of Tunisia; all three articles and Wikidata agree on the date, and the English article cites Tamimi's biography for the village near El Hamma. The Hijri year 1360 is a tabular conversion, marked derived. El Hamma has no place entity in the museum, so no born_in relation is written.",
   "sources": [
    "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en",
    "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ar",
    "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ur",
    "source/wikidata-rached-ghannouchi"
   ]
  },
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "unknown",
    "basis": "unknown",
    "note": "No text in any of the three articles names a school or madhhab for the man. FLAGGED for the founder: this is the movement-without-school configuration. All three articles attest at length that he co-founded and leads the Ennahda Movement and that he writes and speaks on Islam and democracy — a movement and a body of public thought, never a school. The only religion datum is general: the Arabic infobox gives Islam (الإسلام), and Wikidata's single religion value is Islam (Q432) in general — one source family carrying no school value at all. A movement never attests a school on its own (the Ahmed Yassin and Mohamed Morsi precedents), so nothing is recorded beyond this note.",
    "sources": [
     "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en",
     "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ar",
     "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ur",
     "source/wikidata-rached-ghannouchi"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "external_ids": {
   "wikidata": "Q360792"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en",
   "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ar",
   "source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ur",
   "source/wikidata-rached-ghannouchi"
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "Wikipedia articles on Rached Ghannouchi in English (revision 1378171789 of 3 Oct 2026), Arabic (revision 76846060 of 3 Oct 2026) and Urdu (revision 10607756 of 25 May 2026) and the Wikidata item Q360792 (item revision 2558219571 of 18 Oct 2026, read twice with identical results), each fetched by its recorded revision id via the MediaWiki API and asserted equal to it (27 October 2026). The QID was grounded through the articles' own page properties (all three editions agree on Q360792). Existence checked both directions before writing: name fragments in Latin and Arabic scripts across data/person/, the QID grepped across all of data/person/, biographical comparison, and candidate records' provenance — no prior record of the man existed. No relations are written: El Hamma, his birthplace, has no place entity, and the museum has no group entity for the Ennahda Movement, so neither a born_in nor a founder_of or member_of edge can be written.",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)",
   "run": "century-additions-92"
  },
  "status": {
   "review": "published",
   "generated_by": "Muse (Muse Spark 1.3)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "مسيرته السياسية",
     "markdown": "أسس مع عبد الفتاح مورو وآخرين حركة الاتجاه الإسلامي في أبريل 1981، فاعتُقل في يوليو من السنة نفسها وقضى أحد عشر عاما في سجن برج الرومي ببنزرت، حيث كتب كتابه «الحريات العامة في الدولة الإسلامية». أُفرج عنه سنة 1984 ثم حُكم عليه بالسجن المؤبد سنة 1987، فأُطلق سنة 1988 وغادر إلى المنفى في بريطانيا، وبقي هناك اثنين وعشرين عاما حتى عاد إلى تونس في 30 يناير 2011 بعد ثورة الياسمين. صار الغنوشي رئيسا لحركة النهضة منذ نوفمبر 1991، واختير ضمن قائمة تايم 100 لأكثر الشخصيات تأثيرا في العالم سنة 2012، ومنح جائزة شاتام هاوس في السنة نفسها مناصفة مع المنصف المرزوقي. انتُخب رئيسا لمجلس نواب الشعب في 13 نوفمبر 2019 وبقي في المنصب حتى إجراءات الرئيس قيس سعيد الاستثنائية في 25 يوليو 2021. {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en} {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "سجنه في سنواته الأخيرة",
     "markdown": "اعتُقل الغنوشي سنة 2023 في عهد الرئيس قيس سعيد، وتوالت عليه الأحكام بالسجن في قضايا متتابعة: ثلاث سنوات في فبراير 2024، ثم أربع عشرة سنة في يوليو 2025، ثم مُددت محكوميته إلى اثنتين وعشرين سنة في يناير 2026، وصدر عليه حكم بالسجن المؤبد في 2 يونيو 2026، وهو ما تزال المقالات تسجله على أنه حي. {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/rached-ghannouchi",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Political career",
     "markdown": "With Abdelfattah Mourou and others he founded the Islamic Tendency Movement in April 1981; he was arrested that July and spent eleven years in prison at Bizerte, where he wrote Al-Hurriyat al-'Ammah (Public Freedoms in the Islamic State), and where he was tortured. Released in 1984, he was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1987, released again in 1988, and went into exile in the United Kingdom, where he remained for twenty-two years until he returned to Tunisia on 30 January 2011 after the Jasmine Revolution. He has been president of the Ennahda Movement since November 1991, was named to the Time 100 list of the world's most influential people in 2012, and received the Chatham House Prize that year jointly with Moncef Marzouki. He was elected Speaker of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People on 13 November 2019 and held the office until President Kais Saied's exceptional measures of 25 July 2021. {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en} {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ar}"
    },
    {
     "heading": "Imprisonment in his later years",
     "markdown": "Ghannouchi was arrested in 2023 under President Saied, and prison sentences followed one after another: three years in February 2024, fourteen years in July 2025, an extension to twenty-two years in January 2026, and life imprisonment on 2 June 2026; the articles still record him as living. {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/rached-ghannouchi",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  },
  "ur": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "خلاصہ",
     "markdown": "انھوں نے عبد الفتاح مورو اور دیگر ساتھیوں کے ساتھ اپریل 1981ء میں الاتجاہ الاسلامی تحریک قائم کی؛ اسی سال جولائی میں گرفتار ہوئے اور بنزرت کی جیل میں گیارہ سال قید رہے، جہاں انھوں نے اپنی کتاب «الحریات العامہ فی الدولہ الاسلامیہ» لکھی۔ 1984ء میں رہا ہوئے، 1987ء میں عمر قید کی سزا ملی، 1988ء میں پھر رہائی ہوئی، اور وہ برطانیہ جلاوطن ہو گئے۔ بائیس سال بعد 30 جنوری 2011ء کو انقلاب کے بعد واپس آئے۔ وہ نومبر 1991ء سے النہضہ کے صدر ہیں، 2012ء میں ٹائم 100 کی فہرست میں شامل ہوئے اور اسی سال منصف مرزوقی کے ساتھ چیتھم ہاؤس انعام ملا۔ 13 نومبر 2019ء کو وہ پارلیمنٹ کے اسپیکر منتخب ہوئے اور 25 جولائی 2021ء تک اس عہدے پر رہے۔ 2023ء میں صدر قیس سعید کے عہد میں دوبارہ گرفتار ہوئے، اور پے در پے سزاؤں کے بعد 2 جون 2026ء کو انھیں عمر قید کی سزا سنائی گئی۔ {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-en} {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ar} {cite:source/wikipedia-rached-ghannouchi-ur}"
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/rached-ghannouchi",
    "lang": "ur",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   },
   "updated": "2026-10-27"
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [
  "person/a-k-fazlul-huq",
  "person/abbas-ali-amid-zanjani",
  "person/abbas-hilmi-ii",
  "person/abbas-kiarostami",
  "person/abbas-mahmoud-al-aqqad",
  "person/abd-al-aziz-al-ghumari",
  "person/abd-al-fattah-abu-ghudda",
  "person/abd-al-halim-mahmud",
  "person/abd-al-jabbar-al-jumurd",
  "person/abd-al-qadir-al-maghribi",
  "person/abd-al-rahman-badawi",
  "person/abd-al-razzaq-nawfal"
 ],
 "updated": "2026-10-27",
 "connections": [],
 "related": [],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}