{
 "id": "person/thumama-ibn-uthal",
 "class": "person",
 "slug": "thumama-ibn-uthal",
 "label": {
  "ar": "ثمامة بن أثال",
  "en": "Thumama ibn Uthal"
 },
 "summary": {
  "ar": "سيد من بني حنيفة باليمامة؛ أُسر وربط في سارية المسجد فأُطلق فأسلم، وقدم مكة معتمراً وقال إنه لن تأتيهم حبة من اليمامة إلا بإذن النبي، وثبت على إسلامه في الردة وقاتل مع العلاء الحضرمي، وقُتل خطأً من بني قيس بن ثعلبة.",
  "en": "A leader of Banu Hanifa in al-Yamama; he was captured and tied to a pillar of the mosque, then released and embraced Islam, came to Mecca for 'umra and said that no grain would reach them from al-Yamama without the Prophet's leave; he held to Islam during the apostasy and fought with al-'Ala' al-Hadrami, and was killed by mistake by men of Banu Qays ibn Tha'laba."
 },
 "stub": false,
 "wings": [
  "people"
 ],
 "regions": [
  "arabia"
 ],
 "periods": [
  "period/prophetic-era",
  "period/rashidun"
 ],
 "tags": [],
 "aliases": [],
 "themes": [
  "converts-and-leavers"
 ],
 "data": {
  "names": [
   {
    "kind": "full",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "ثمامة بن أثال بن النعمان بن مسلمة بن عتبة بن ثعلبة بن يربوع بن ثعلبة بن الدؤل بن حنيفة الحنفي"
   },
   {
    "kind": "kunya",
    "lang": "ar",
    "value": "أبو أمامة"
   }
  ],
  "gender": "male",
  "roles": [
   "companion"
  ],
  "traditions": [
   "sunni"
  ],
  "story_roles": [
   {
    "role": "companion",
    "status": "tradition",
    "note": "مذكور في الإصابة ترجمة رقم 991 (ص 189).",
    "sources": [
     "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "faith": [
   {
    "value": "sunni",
    "basis": "tradition",
    "note": "ذُكر في كتب الصحابة؛ يُسجَّل ضمن الإطار السني للمتحف (docs/scope.md)."
   }
  ],
  "provenance": {
   "layer": "own-research",
   "source": "الإصابة في تمييز الصحابة، ترجمة 991، ص 189",
   "generated_by": "Claude (maintainer session)",
   "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "run": "isaba-batch-4"
  },
  "sources": [
   "source/ibn-hajar-isaba"
  ],
  "status": {
   "review": "draft",
   "completeness": 2,
   "generated_by": "Claude Sonnet 5.5; read from al-Isaba (column-aware OCR, page 189, entry 991)"
  }
 },
 "prose": {
  "ar": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "موجز",
     "markdown": "[[person/thumama-ibn-uthal|ثمامة بن أثال]] الحنفي اليمامي، أبو أمامة {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.189}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "ربطه بسارية المسجد وإسلامه",
     "markdown": "روى البخاري من طريق سعيد المقبري عن أبي هريرة أن النبي بعث خيلاً قبل نجد فجاءت برجل من بني حنيفة يقال له ثمامة بن أثال فربطوه بسارية من سواري المسجد، فخرج النبي فقال: «أطلقوا ثمامة»، فانطلق إلى نخل قريب من المسجد فاغتسل ثم دخل المسجد فقال: «أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمداً رسول الله» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.190}.\n\nورواه ابن إسحاق في «المغازي» عن سعيد المقبري مطولاً، وفي أوله أن ثمامة كان قد عرض لرسول الله فأراد قتله، فدعا النبي ربه أن يمكّنه منه {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.190}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "بعد إسلامه",
     "markdown": "لما أسلم قدم مكة معتمراً، فقال: «والذي نفسي بيده، لا تأتيكم حبة من اليمامة — وكانت ريف أهل مكة — حتى يأذن فيها رسول الله» {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.190}. وروى ابن منده من طريق ابن عباس قصة إسلام ثمامة ورجوعه إلى اليمامة ومنعه الميرة عن قريش ونزول قوله تعالى [[passage/quran-23-76|المؤمنون 76]]، وإسناده حسن {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.190}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "الردة",
     "markdown": "ذكر ابن إسحاق أن ثمامة ثبت على إسلامه لما ارتد أهل اليمامة، وارتحل هو ومن أطاعه من قومه فلحقوا بالعلاء الحضرمي فقاتل معه المرتدين من أهل البحرين {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.190}. وذكر وثيمة له مقاماً حسناً في الردة، وأنشد له في الإنكار على بني حنيفة أبياتاً {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.190}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "مقتله",
     "markdown": "لما ظفروا اشترى ثمامة حلة كانت لكبيرهم، فرآها عليه ناس من بني قيس بن ثعلبة فظنوا أنه هو الذي قتله وسلبه، فقتلوه {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p.190}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/thumama-ibn-uthal",
    "lang": "ar",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": []
   }
  },
  "en": {
   "sections": [
    {
     "heading": "Summary",
     "markdown": "[[person/thumama-ibn-uthal|Thumama ibn Uthal]] al-Hanafi al-Yamami, Abu Umama {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 189}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "His binding to the mosque pillar and his Islam",
     "markdown": "Bukhari relates by way of Sa'id al-Maqbari from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet sent horsemen toward Najd and they brought a man of Banu Hanifa called Thumama ibn Uthal, and they bound him to one of the mosque's pillars. The Prophet came out and said: \"release Thumama\" — he went off to palm-trees near the mosque, washed, then entered the mosque and said: \"I bear witness that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is the Messenger of God\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 190}.\n\nIbn Ishaq relates it in the Maghazi from Sa'id al-Maqbari at length, saying at its start that Thumama had earlier crossed the Messenger of God's path and tried to kill him, and the Prophet had prayed to his Lord to empower him over him {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 190}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "After his Islam",
     "markdown": "When he became Muslim he came to Mecca for 'umra and said: \"by the One in whose hand is my soul, no grain shall reach you from al-Yamama\" — and it was Mecca's countryside — \"until the Messenger of God permits it\" {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 190}. Ibn Manda relates by way of Ibn Abbas the story of Thumama's Islam, his return to al-Yamama, his withholding of provisions from Quraysh, and the descent of [[passage/quran-23-76|al-Mu'minun 76]] — its chain is good {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 190}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "The Ridda",
     "markdown": "Ibn Ishaq mentions that Thumama held firm to his Islam when the people of al-Yamama apostatised; he set out with those of his people who obeyed him and joined al-Ala' al-Hadrami, fighting with him the apostates of Bahrayn {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 190}. Wuthayma mentions he had a good standing in the Ridda, and recited for him verses reproaching Banu Hanifa {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 190}."
    },
    {
     "heading": "His killing",
     "markdown": "When they won, Thumama bought a garment that had belonged to their chief; men of Banu Qays ibn Tha'laba saw it on him, thought he was the one who had killed their chief and stripped him, and killed him {cite:ibn-hajar-isaba p. 190}."
    }
   ],
   "frontmatter": {
    "id": "person/thumama-ibn-uthal",
    "lang": "en",
    "source_lang": "ar",
    "translators": [
     "Devin (SWE-2), draft translation"
    ]
   }
  }
 },
 "degree": 0,
 "contemporaries": [],
 "connections": [],
 "related": [
  "event/abu-quhafa-conversion",
  "event/abu-sufyan-conversion",
  "event/ali-expedition-to-al-fuls",
  "event/bayat-al-ridwan",
  "event/conversion-of-umayr-ibn-wahb",
  "event/delegation-of-abd-al-qays",
  "event/delegation-of-banu-hanifa",
  "event/delegation-of-hamdan"
 ],
 "license": {
  "prose": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "data": "CC0 1.0"
 }
}